生物质气化过程的混合神经网络模拟

用几种生物质的料进行了水蒸汽流化条件下的常压气化实验。为得到各种生物质的气化特性,用混合神经网络模型于气化过程进行了模拟。模型得到的气化产率与实验数据吻合得较好。神经网络给出的气化特性能正确地反映实际的生物质气化过程。模拟结果还显示,草本生物质和木本生物质在气化过程中,各种煤气成分的释放有不同的规律。     

循环流化床反应器固体生物质的热解液化

介绍了以循环流化床反应器为主体的固体生物质热解液化装置,实验过程,实验结果分析,通过对气体产物的比较及油产物一般物性和油成分的分析,得出如下结论：1）较高的温度和较和的停留时间会降低的产率,生产过多的不凝气,过低的温度和加热速度导致严重的碳化,同样会降低油产率,本实验的最高油产率可达63％,2）生物质热解油品的物性特点主要包括水分量较高,pH值较低,粘度变化范围很大,热值与化石燃料相比为低,并且油品中因含氧量很高而极不稳定,油品的组成成分非常复杂,烷烃和非烃占据了相当的比例,芳烃和沥青质含量相对较少,3）在循环流化床中的固体生物质热解液化可柜化为热解区和还原裂解区。     

生物质酚醛泡沫塑料的研究进展

生物质酚醛泡沫塑料发展迅速,正受到国内外的广泛关注.综述了生物质在酚醛泡沫中的最新研究进展,重点介绍了腰果壳油、单宁和木质素在酚醛泡沫中的应用及其泡沫的性能.指出生物质的引入引起树脂黏度增加,并对生物质酚醛泡沫塑料的应用前景做了展望.     

生物质与煤混烧特性的数值模拟研究

针对生物质与煤混烧影响锅炉经济燃烧特性现象,笔者采用处理软件Gambit建立锅炉流场空间网格物理模型,利用Fluent模拟混烧过程并对其数学模型进行求解,模拟混烧过程,并根据长春某电厂生物质混烧参数,计算分析了不同混烧比时的锅炉炉内流场与温度场变化,得出了不同混烧比例下炉内燃烧流场、温度的变化规律.计算结果表明,随着生物质与煤混烧比例的提高,炉内流场动力特性无明显变化,但炉内燃烧温度下降比较明显.     

谈山西“人口半城镇化”问题及对策建议

对山西省城镇化工作中较为突出的"人口半城镇化"问题进行了研究,按照因地制宜、以人为本、科学发展的原则,从人口管理、土地管理、生态环境、行政管理等方面提出了有力的解决措施,以推动城镇化的发展。     

Novel repeated batch operation for flash fermentation system: Experimental data and mathematical modelling

A novel repeated batch operation mode was proposed for ethanol fermentation, where the fermenter beer was periodically exchanged between the fermenter with biomass recycle and the distillation unit, to promote the selective removal of ethanol. Using the mathematical model developed, as based on the experimental results, the optimal operation of the proposed method was shown to attain high performance, with a productivity of about 12 g dm⁻³ h⁻¹ and a product concentration of 400 g dm⁻³.     

The use of biomass and stillage recycle in conventional ethanol fermentation

Modifications of the conventional ethanol fermentation process using biomass and stillage recycle were investigated and the advantages of the technique were studied. The biomass recycle method resulted in a reduction in the use of approximately 8% raw material (molasses). The recycle of 15–70% of stillage (dealcoholised) from a previous fermentation was also tested successfully. Generally the results of these experiments revealed 13–47% less water consumption and consequently about 13–47% reduction of stillage volume, which was more economical for further treatments.     

Green and Highly-Efficient Microwave Synthesis Route for Sulfur/Carbon Composite for Li-S Battery

Multiporous carbons (MPCs) are prepared using ZnO as a hard template and biomass pyrolysis oil as the carbon source. It is shown that the surface area, pore volume, and mesopore/micropore ratio of the as-prepared MPCs can be easily controlled by adjusting the ZnO/oil ratio. Sulfur/MPC (S/MPC) composite is prepared by blending sulfur powder with the as-prepared MPCs followed by microwave heating at three different powers (100 W/200 W/300 W) for 60 s. The unique micro/mesostructure characteristics of the resulting porous carbons not only endow the S/MPC composite with sufficient available space for sulfur storage, but also provide favorable and efficient channels for Li-ions/electrons transportation. When applied as the electrode material in a lithium-ion battery (LIB), the S/MPC composite shows a reversible capacity (about 500 mAh g⁻¹) and a high columbic efficiency (>95%) after 70 cycles. Overall, the method proposed in this study provides a simple and green approach for the rapid production of MPCs and S/MPC composite for high-performance LIBs.     

基于变量技术和3S技术的精细农业信息处理

介绍基于变量技术和3S（DGRS,GIS,RS）技术的精细农业信息处理,并对其技术思想、数据采集、信息处理、决策实施及其技术支撑体系进行阐述,最后指出实施精细农业的必要性、应用及发展趋势。     

新型液体燃料5-乙氧基甲基糠醛的催化转化研究进展

5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（5-ethoxymethylfurfural,EMF）是一种替代化石能源的潜在液体燃料,近年来EMF的合成引起了国内外科研人员的广泛关注。本文综述了EMF转化合成的生物质原料、均相和非均相催化转化体系的研究进展,对比了单相与双相溶剂的作用效果,以期为EMF的合成与生物质转化利用提供科学依据。最后,对EMF的合成策略及工业化生产进行展望。