大型玻璃钢污泥沉积池罩的优化设计

污泥沉积池罩是污泥沉积池的重要部件.由于其跨度大,长期处于酸性环境中,对材料的强度和防腐性能要求较高,玻璃钢是最为理想的选材.本文根据污泥沉积池罩的受力和安装要求,利用大型通用有限元工程设计软件ANSYS对污泥沉积池罩的外形、结构和重量进行了优化设计,最终设计出重量仅为11.2t,直径34m的玻璃钢污泥沉积池罩.     

Multilevel microwave design optimization with automated model fidelity adjustment

A computationally efficient algorithm for electromagnetic (EM)‐simulation‐driven design optimization of microwave structures is proposed. Our technique exploits variable‐fidelity EM simulations and the multilevel design approach where an approximate optimum of the lower accuracy but faster EM model of the structure under design is used as a starting point for optimizing a more accurate model. Several enhancements of the basic multifidelity method are introduced, including an efficient algorithm of optimizing EM models that is based on local response surface approximations, as well as automated adjustment of model fidelity. Convergence of the procedure to the optimum design is ensured by defaulting to the higher fidelity model whenever the prediction given by the lower fidelity fails to improve the design. Distribution of the computational effort between the models of different fidelity allows for making larger steps in the design space at a low cost, as well as substantial reduction of the number of high‐fidelity model evaluations, because the high‐fidelity model is only referred to in the last design stage. The article provides comprehensive numerical verification of our technique. Substantial computational savings are demonstrated in comparison to the benchmark methods: over 40% on average as compared to a basic version of the multifidelity optimization approach and over 95% as compared to direct optimization of the high‐fidelity model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 24:281–288, 2014.     

几种机器学习方法在黑色素瘤计算机辅助诊断中的性能比较

黑色素瘤的计算机辅助诊断是基于激光共聚焦扫描显微镜（CLSM）皮肤图像纹理特征, 并引入机器学习的技术, 为临床应用研发的一种能够准确、有效地识别在体恶性黑色素瘤新医学诊断方法, 将常用的基于机器学习的ID3、分类与回归树（CART）和AdaBoost三种算法应用于良恶性黑色素瘤图像的特征识别, 并对各种学习方法的性能进行比较。实验结果表明, AdaBoost算法具有较好的分类识别性能, 不但提高了恶性黑色素瘤早期诊断的准确度, 降低了良性黑色素瘤的误诊率, 而且为临床上早期发现和诊断提供了客观依据。     

A theoretical study of solvent effects on Kolbe-Schmitt reaction kinetics

A theoretical DFT study was employed to confirm the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction mechanism and investigate solvent effects on this reaction. The use of a solvent in the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction is desirable to facilitate a homogeneous reaction mixture and potentially improve the reaction rate. The candidate solvents were designed using computer aided molecular design (CAMD) and tested using DFT solvation calculations. The results from the quantum mechanical calculations were then used to determine the rate constants for each elementary step, the overall reaction yields and the corresponding residence time. The methodology was tested on the reaction without solvent, with solvents reported in the literature, and with the designed solvents. The study revealed that in the presence of solvents with high dielectric constant the reaction becomes reversible, leading to low product yields.     

基于知识库的CAPP系统应用

为实现CAPP系统的高效率、高集成以及高实用性,从某公司工艺设计中诸多闸题的分析入手,应用面向对象的知识表示方法和数据库技术,建立工艺知识库并对其进行有效管理。提出在全公司范围内建立以工艺知识库／产品工艺数据库为核心、以交互设计为基础、集成工艺知识管理工具等应用支持工具的实用化CAPP系统的思想。基于知识库的CAPP系统应用在生产中应用后,提高了某公司工艺设计的效率,缩短了工艺准备周期,促进了工艺设计和工艺管理的标准化工作,总结和继承工艺设计知识,提高工艺设计水平和设计质量,并且为该公司的PDM／ERP系统提供基础的工艺数据。     

AutoLISP语言在建筑给排水CAD中的应用

近年来,在建筑给排水工程设计领域,CAD出图率已经达到100%,论文结合作者从事给排水设计实践和所学课程,提出了基于AutoCAD平台的建筑给排水CAD辅助设计修改方案,本方案已投入实际工程中进行试运行,取得了较好的应用效果.     

人工智能在空管中应用的研究进展

在民航飞速发展的同时,空中交通也变得更加复杂、快速、多变,与之相关的种种问题也逐渐显现。同时,作为近几年取得重大突破的计算机辅助技术,人工智能技术已经广泛地应用于多个领域。人工智能技术与传统的空管相结合,更有利于构建一个更加安全、有序、高效的智能化空中交通管理系统。本文主要从国内外空管发展现状、空管系统对人工智能技术的需求以及人工智能在空管系统的应用几个方面进行综述和分析,最后对人工智能技术在空中交通管理中应用所面临的挑战进行了分析和展望。     

Fuzzy deduction methods of selecting the underwater terrain navigation matching area

To overcome the problems of not describing terrain matching characteristics totally with a single terrain feature parameter in underwater navigation terrain database, an evaluation method named Vague set is proposed to describe the terrain suitability comprehensively based on the fuzzy decision making (FDM) method. The membership functions and non-membership functions of the Vague set are used to define the influence of the terrain map characteristics parameters on matching suitability, and comprehensive evaluation values of matching areas are obtained by the weighted score function method. Simulation results demonstrate that the terrain map suitability is positively proportional to the comprehensive evaluation value, while the matching position error is negatively proportional to the comprehensive evaluation value of the matching area. The Vague set can choose the optimal matching areaeffectively, and solve the problem that the single topographic map featurecannot evaluate suitability comprehensively.     

超声振动辅助微小孔高速钻削技术研究

结合高速钻削和超声振动钻削优点,自行研制出超声振动辅助高速钻削机床。利用该机床,通过实验对比超声振动辅助高速钻削和普通钻削条件下加工工件的孔扩量、表面粗糙度和出孔、入孔毛刺等参数,研究评价超声振动辅助高速钻削性能。实验结果表明,相对于普通钻削,超声振动辅助高速钻削可实现φ0.1mm、深径比大于10的微细深孔加工,实验结果证明了理论与实验分析的正确性。     

热作模具钢热疲劳损伤因子的研究

由于Uddeholm标准图谱评定热疲劳程度尚不够完善，无法精确地评定热疲劳裂纹的级别，因此编制了一套计算机图像分析软件，对热疲劳裂纹进行定量分析，并完善了热疲劳损伤因子，用它定量地分析了进口8407和国产4C45MoSiV1热作模具钢的热疲劳性能，揭示了热模钢的热疲劳性能的变化规律，实现了热疲劳裂纹的计算机辅助评定。