铝胺双重封堵钻井液在成3井二开长裸眼井段的应用

成3井是为探索侏罗系油藏而在准噶尔盆地中央坳陷部署的一口预探井,完钻井深4 821 m。二开裸眼段长3 200 m,井壁稳定难度大;西山窑组至八道湾组煤层发育,井壁失稳严重。通过使用铝胺抑制防塌钻井液,施工中采用合理密度支撑–多元协同抑制–双重封堵防塌措施,辅助相应的维护处理工艺,解决了长裸眼段和煤层段的井壁失稳难题,而且机械钻速得到显著提高。全井机械钻速7.68 m/h,创造该区块钻速新纪录。     

粉煤灰制备吸附剂捕集CO2的研究

利用粉煤灰为原料,制备2大类可用于烟气中CO₂捕集的吸附剂。一类是沸石分子筛类吸附剂,利用水热合成法得到A型、X型等沸石分子筛吸附剂。一类是利用粉煤灰制备出适合的多孔载体,使用浸渍法得到固态胺类吸附剂。沸石分子筛对于CO₂主要是物理吸附,吸附容量169~223 mg/g,固态胺吸附剂是利用胺基与CO₂结合介于物理与化学吸附之间,吸附容量108~189 mg/g。实现将粉煤灰以废治废,即可以缓解粉煤灰对环境的影响,也能够实现碳减排,对社会和经济协调发展有利。     

流动条件下炔氧甲基季胺盐的缓蚀性能研究

利用交流阻抗(EIS)、线性极化、动电位极化和失重法，研究了炔氧甲基季胺盐对N80在常温CO2饱和的3％NaCl溶液中的电化学行为和缓蚀性能的影响．结果表明：空白溶液中N80的累计失重在4m／s以后急剧增大，即介质的临界流速为4～5m／s．动态下炔氧甲基季胺盐存在与静态下相同的浓度极值现象，流速低于5m／s时缓蚀剂的极值浓度与静态时相同，都为150mg／L，而流速高于5m／s后极值浓度有所增加．     

Synthesis of tertiary amines and their inhibitive performance on carbon steel corrosion

Some tertiary amines in the series of 1,3-di-amino-propan-2-ol, referred as 1,3-di-morpholin-4-yl-propan-2-ol (DMP) and 1,3-bis-diethylamino-propan-2-ol (DEAP), had been synthesized by alkylation reaction. These compounds were checked by MS, IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The electrochemical performance of these products was investigated through potentiodynamic polarization measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) under thin electrolyte layer with thickness of 100 μm, and their inhibition efficiencies were measured using gravimetric method. These compounds, retarding the anodic dissolution of iron by the protective layer bonding on the metal surface, were anodic inhibitors under thin electrolyte layer. Polarization data indicated that the inhibitive performance of DMP for carbon steel was improved with the increasing of concentration, whereas DEAP showed a maximum inhibiting power at 2.5 × 10⁻² M. The values of the charge transfer resistance, obtained from impedance plots of carbon steel, showed that DEAP was a promising inhibitor. The gravimetric results showed that the inhibition efficiency of DEAP at 2.5 × 10⁻² M was 95%. The adsorption on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir isotherm model. The Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film.     

拓扑指数X用于脂肪醇的QSPR研究

为了更好地揭示脂肪醇的各种物理化学性质与结构的关系,通过对100余种饱和脂肪醇分子的拓扑结构特点的研究,提出1种新的拓扑指数X,并运用回归分析方法研究了饱和脂肪醇的沸点(BP)、空腔表面积(CSA)、折光指数(n_D)、光离子化灵敏度(SM),半数致死浓度(LC_(50)),疏水性参数(lgP)和味阀值(poL)等多种物理化学性质与拓扑指数X的相关性,建立了定量结构-性质相关(QSPR)模型。结果表明所建立的QSPR模型方程具有良好的稳定性和预测能力,较好地揭示了这些物理化学性质的变化规律。     

Chemical nature of larval osmeterial secretions of papilionid butterflies in the generaParnassius,Sericinus andPachliopta

Volatile components of the larval osmeterial secretion ofParnassius glacialis (Parnassiinae, Parnassiini) consisted of isobutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, and their methyl esters. In contrast, the osmeterial exudate ofSericinus montela (Parnassiinae, Zerynthiini) was characterized as monoterpene hydrocarbons comprising-myrcene (Major),-pinene, sabinene, limonene, and-phellandrene, whereas that ofPachliopta aristolochiae (Papilioninae, Troidini) was composed of numerous sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, including-himachalene,-amorphene, and germacrene-A, and a few oxygenated sesquiterpenoids. In these three species, the chemical nature of the secretions of the last and the penultimate instars was essentially of similar quality, suggesting that the three genera,Parnassius, Sericinus, andPachliopta, are assigned to homogeneous types.     

Aliphatic Polycarbonate‐Based Solid‐State Polymer Electrolytes for Advanced Lithium Batteries: Advances and Perspective

Conventional liquid electrolytes based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) might suffer from serious safety hazards. Solid‐state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are very promising candidate with high security for advanced LIBs. However, the quintessential frailties of pristine polyethylene oxide/lithium salts SPEs are poor ionic conductivity (≈10⁻⁸ S cm⁻¹) at 25 °C and narrow electrochemical window (<4 V). Many innovative researches are carried out to enhance their lithium‐ion conductivity (10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 25 °C), which is still far from meeting the needs of high‐performance power LIBs at ambient temperature. Therefore, it is a pressing urgency of exploring novel polymer host materials for advanced SPEs aimed to develop high‐performance solid lithium batteries. Aliphatic polycarbonate, an emerging and promising solid polymer electrolyte, has attracted much attention of academia and industry. The amorphous structure, flexible chain segments, and high dielectric constant endow this class of polymer electrolyte excellent comprehensive performance especially in ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and thermally dimensional stability. To date, many types of aliphatic polycarbonate solid polymer electrolyte are discovered. Herein, the latest developments on aliphatic polycarbonate SPEs for solid‐state lithium batteries are summarized. Finally, main challenges and perspective of aliphatic polycarbonate solid polymer electrolytes are illustrated at the end of this review.     

新连接性指数与脂肪醇气相色谱保留指数的关系

基于定量结构-色谱保留相关(QSRR)研究醇类化合物的保留性质具有重要意义.通过对脂肪醇的研究,考虑到烷基和羟基的差异,修正文献,重新定义脂肪醇分子中顶点原子特征值ti,并在邻接矩阵的基础上构建新的连接性指数mL.运用多元线性回归法,将0阶指数0L、1阶指数1L与25种脂肪醇,在6种固定相(SE-30,OV-3,OV-...     

三种新型溴代芳胺类阻燃剂的合成研究

合成了三种溴代芳胺类阻燃剂∶十溴二苯胺、双（２，３，５，６ 四溴 ４ 氨基苯基）甲烷、双（３，５ 二溴 ４ 氨基苯基）甲烷，并对产品的后处理进行了探讨。实验还发现非溶剂法不适合于多溴代芳胺类化合物的合成。     

腰果壳液改性胺固化无溶剂环氧底漆的特性研究

腰果壳液改性胺是一种新型环氧树脂固化剂,市场反映良好。对其固化性质作了进一步的探索,主要通过表干时间、附着力、剪切强度以及适用期的测试,研究腰果壳液改性酚醛胺类固化剂及其复配体系对无溶剂环氧底漆的固化特性。实验结果表明,腰果酚醛胺类固化剂在保持优异的附着力和剪切强度的情况下,提高了固化速度,是一种综合性能优异的固化剂。