机械原理教学与创新设计相结合的实践与探索

把机械创新设计理念融入到课程教学中,使课程教学内容与机械创新设计知识有机融合在一起,向学生全面贯彻机械创新设计理念,提高学生的创新意识。同时结合一些学生创新设计的优秀作品,说明这种教学方式,可以使学生在增加感性认识的同时,更能深刻了解工程实践,促进学生工程实践能力、创新能力等综合素质的培养和提高。     

生物酶法黄檗小檗碱染料提取及其染色性能

为了提高黄檗小檗碱染料的提取率,利用纤维素酶酶解黄檗中的纤维素,降低色素从细胞中被萃取出来的阻力,提高黄檗染料的提取率,加快提取速率。通过单因素分析探讨了提取温度、提取时间、pH值以及浓度对黄檗小檗碱色素提取率的影响,确定了利用纤维素酶提取黄檗中小檗碱染料的最佳提取工艺;同时对棉织物进行染色处理,对其染样进行了耐摩擦牢度和水洗牢度的测试。实验结果表明,纤维素酶受温度、pH值、浓度的影响较大,且生物酶法与传统水浸煎煮法相比,其染料萃取率可提高21%~23%。最佳工艺条件为:提取温度50℃,提取时间为60 min,提取介质pH=4.5,纤维素酶与黄檗的配料比为1∶100。     

富镁Mg_（70）（Ni_3RE）_（30）非晶合金的玻璃形成能力研究

玻璃形成能力（GFA）是判断合金非晶态结构形成的重要指标。利用甩带快冷技术制备了Mg70（Ni3RE）30（RE=La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Y）非晶合金条带（宽5 mm,厚0.2 mm）,通过差示扫描量热技术（DSC）表征了合金条带的非晶结构转变及其热稳定性。从原子尺度,对合金的原子尺寸参数（δ）、电负性差（Δx）以及原子结构参数（λ）进行了计算和分析。实验数据和理论分析结果表明：RE=Pr时,相应合金的玻璃形成能力最大,RE=Y的最小,其大小次序为：Mg70（Ni3Pr）30〉Mg70（Ni3la）30〉Mg70（Ni3Ce）30〉Mg70（Ni3Nd）30〉Mg70（Ni3Y）30,影响Mg70（Ni3RE）30非晶合金玻璃形成能力的主要因素是电负性差,原子尺寸参数和原子结构参数的作用次之。     

基于现金流量表的公司财务状况分析

现金流量信息的使用者各不相同,导致对现金流量表披露内容的关注度也不一样。实践中,可从动态角度观察企业现金增减变动的情况,对企业现金流量规模和结构进行分析。通过分析,可以较为明确地判断企业实现的账面收益与其相应的现金流量是否同步,从而进一步预测企业未来发展趋势。基于上述考虑,以国内上市公司某乳业集团为例,对该公司的现金流量表进行初步财务分析,为信息使用者提供分析思路。     

Sintering technology for micro heat pipe with sintered wick

In order to study reasonable sintering technological parameters and appropriate copper powder size range of micro heat pipe (MHP) with the sintered wick, the forming principle of copper powders in wicks and MHP’s heat transfer capabilities were first analyzed, then copper powders with different cell sizes and dispersions were sintered in RXL-12-11 resistance furnace under the protection of the hydrogen at different sintering temperatures for different durations of sintering time, and finally the sintered wicks’ scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and their heat transfer capabilities were analyzed. The results indicate that the wick sintered with copper powders of larger cell size or smaller size range has better sintering properties and larger heat transfer capabilities; and that the increase of either sintering temperatures or sintering time also helps to improve the wick’s sintering properties and heat transfer capabilities, and the former affects more obviously than the latter. Considering both its manufacturing cost and performance requirements, it is recommended that copper powders with the size range of 140–170 μm are sintered at 900–950°C for 30–60 min in practical manufacturing. In addition, two approaches to improve wick’s porosity are also proposed through theoretical analysis, which suggests that the larger the wick’s porosity, the better the heat transfer capabilities of the MHP.     

Characteristics of oxygen consumption of coal at programmed temperatures

Oxygen consumption is an important index of coal oxidation.In order to explore the coal-oxygen reaction,we developed an experimental system of coal spontaneous combustion and tested oxygen consumption of differently ranked coals at programmed temperatures.The size of coal samples ranged from 0.18~0.42 mm and the system heat-rate was 0.8℃/min.The results show that,for high ranked coals,oxygen consumption rises with coal temperature as a piecewise non-linear process.The critical coal temperature is about 50%.Below this temperature,oxygen consumption decreases with rising coal temperatures and reached a minimum at 50℃,approximately.Subsequently,it begins to increase and the rate of growth clearly increased with temperature.For low ranked coals,this characteristic is inconspicuous or even non-existent.The difference in oxygen consumption at the same temperatures varies for differently ranked coals.The results show the difference in oxygen consumption of the coals tested in our study reached 78.6% at 100 ℃.Based on the theory of coal-oxygen reaction,these phenomena were analyzed from the point of view of physical and chemical characteristics,as well as the appearance of the coal-oxygen complex.From theoretical analyses and our experiments,we conclude that the oxygen consumption at programmed temperatures reflects the oxidation ability of coals perfectly.     

Synthesis, structure and mechanical properties of Zr-Cu-based bulk metallic glass composites

The unusual glass-forming ability(GFA) of the Zr_(48)Cu_(36)Ag_8Al_8 alloy and the high ductility of the Zr_(48)Cu_(36)Ag_8Al_8 metallic glass-matrix composites containing Ta powder were reported.The bulk metallic glass rod with a diameter of 25 mm was successfully synthesized using copper mold casting for the Zr_(48)Cu_(36)Ag_8Al_8 alloy.High GFA of this alloy was found to be related to a large supercooled liquid region and a quaternary eutectic point with low melting temperature.The bulk metallic glass...     

Effects of yttrium on the formation and magnetic properties of bulk metallic glassy （Fe, Co）-B-Si-Nb alloys

The bulk metallic glassy (BMG) rods of [(Fe0.5Co0.5)0.72B0.192Si0.048Nb0.04]100-xYx (x=0-6) and [(FexCo1-x)0.72B0.192Si0.04]Nb0.04]96Y4 (x=0.5-0.8) were prepared by copper mold casting. The structure, thermal stability,and magnetic properties of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Adding lat% to 6at% of yt-trium, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe0.5Co0.5)0.72B0.192Si0.048Nb0.04]100-xYx (x=0-6) with the diameter of 3 mm were not formed, and the sample with 4at% of yttrium showed less crystalline phase than others. When the Fe/Co atomic ratio was between 5:5 and 7:3, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe1-xCox)B0.192Si0.048Nb0.04]96Y4 (x=0.5-0.8) with the diameter of 2 mm were fabricated. In the (Fe, Co)-B-Si-Nb-Y BMGs, when the Fe content increased, the thermal stability, the supercooled liquid region, and the glass-forming ability (GFA) decreased, but the saturation magnetization (Ms) increased.     

基于隐性知识的高职学生创业能力培养研究

创业能力的培养是创业成功的重要因素,在高职学生的创业能力培养中,显性知识容易通过课堂获取,而隐性知识对创业能力培养有着重要影响,创业教育需要加强创业能力培养和创业学习引导。培养高职学生的创业能力。     

韧性断裂准则在板料成形中应用研究进展

对板料成形中的成形极限应力图、最大变薄率、成形极限图以及韧性断裂准则等预测成形极限的方法进行了综述和分析,提出了利用韧性断裂准则能够较好地预测塑性差的板料成形极限,而且还能考虑应变路径的变化.利用有限元方法模拟时,韧性断裂准则既可以运用到完全耦合的弹塑性损伤模型的增量方法中,也可以运用到一步有限元逆算法中.指出了为准确地预测成形极限,除了提高有限元模拟精度外,应找到一种本质地反映材料性能的准则.