Semi-automatic dynamic auxiliary-tag-aided image annotation

Image annotation is the foundation for many real-world applications. In the age of Web 2.0, image search and browsing are largely based on the tags of images. In this paper, we formulate image annotation as a multi-label learning problem, and develop a semi-automatic image annotation system. The presented system chooses proper words from a vocabulary as tags for a given image, and refines the tags with the help of the user's feedback. The refinement amounts to a novel multi-label learning framework, named Semi-Automatic Dynamic Auxiliary-Tag-Aided (SADATA), in which the classification result for one certain tag (target tag) can be boosted by the classification results of a subset of the other tags (auxiliary tags). The auxiliary tags, which have strong correlations with the target tag, are determined in terms of the normalized mutual information. We only select those tags whose correlations exceed a threshold as the auxiliary tags, so the auxiliary set is sparse. How much an auxiliary tag can contribute is dependent on the image, so we also build a probabilistic model conditioned on the auxiliary tag and the input image to adjust the weight of the auxiliary tag dynamically. For an given image, the user feedback on the tags corrects the outputs of the auxiliary classifiers and SADATA will recommend more proper tags next round. SADATA is evaluated on a large collection of Corel images. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of our dynamic auxiliary-tag-aided method. Furthermore, the performance also benefits from user feedbacks such that the annotation procedure can be significantly speeded up.     

基于CIDOC概念参考模型的Web服务注释

在Web服务所提供的基本功能的基础上,应用语义注释的思想,给出一种对Web服务进行语义说明的方法。应用CIDOC CRM标准对Web数据规范进行注释,可为该规范加入语义信息,反映数据的含义,并揭示出数据之间的层次关系,从而使Web服务使用者更好地理解数据,并将所获取的数据准确地应用到数据处理中。     

Guiding students to the right questions: adaptive navigation support in an E‐Learning system for Java programming

Rapid growth of the volume of interactive questions available to the students of modern E‐Learning courses placed the problem of personalized guidance on the agenda of E‐Learning researchers. Without proper guidance, students frequently select too simple or too complicated problems and ended either bored or discouraged. This paper explores a specific personalized guidance technology known as adaptive navigation support. We developed JavaGuide, a system, which guides students to appropriate questions in a Java programming course, and investigated the effect of personalized guidance a three‐semester long classroom study. The results of this study confirm the educational and motivational effects of adaptive navigation support.     

《现汉》与《语法信息词典》词类对应分析

词类标注问题历来受到中文信息处理、汉语语法和词汇学界的共同关注,学者们已提出多种词类标记体系,彼此间存在较大差异,但迄今尚无人对大规模词类标注工程进行系统比较。该文以《现代汉语词典》第5版和《现代汉语语法信息词典》两个大型词典词类标注工程为比较对象,基于所提出的词类对应算法,自动找出两部词典词类标注上的差异,进而对形成差异的原因进行分析。分析结果表明,两部词典词类标注一致性较高(83.5%完全相同),而存在差异的地方可归结为三类主要原因: 词类迁移;词类判断标准不一致;收录义项不同。     

Zodiac: A history-based interactive video authoring system

Easy-to-use audio/video authoring tools play a crucial role in moving multimedia software from research curiosity to mainstream applications. However, research in multimedia authoring systems has rarely been documented in the literature. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive video authoring system called Zodiac, which employs an innovative edit history abstraction to support several unique editing features not found in existing commercial and research video editing systems. Zodiac provides users a conceptually clean and semantically powerful branching history model of edit operations to organize the authoring process, and to navigate among versions of authored documents. In addition, by analyzing the edit history, Zodiac is able to reliably detect a composed video stream's shot and scene boundaries, which facilitates interactive video browsing. Zodiac also features a video object annotation capability that allows users to associate annotations to moving objects in a video sequence. The annotations themselves could be text, image, audio, or video. Zodiac is built on top of MMFS, a file system specifically designed for interactive multimedia development environments, and implements an internal buffer manager that supports transparent lossless compression/decompression. Shot/scene detection, video object annotation, and buffer management all exploit the edit history information for performance optimization.     

MTranslatability

Machine Translation of arbitrary input is difficult,but the output quality can be improved significantlyif writers create documents with MT in mind. Thisarticle deals with ``MTranslatability' – translatabilityof texts by MT systems. It identifies characteristics oftext that decrease MTranslatability and suggests waysto improve them. It also illustrates the effect of writingfor MTranslatability by showing before-and-after picturesof output from various commercially available MT systems,and gives an overview of tools that help identify and correctthe problems.     

一种基于多核函数SVM的图像标注方法

针对多项式核或RBF核SVM不能很好地处理图像标注中的数据不平衡问题,提出了一种基于多核函数SVM的图像标注方法,该方法采用多核函数训练过的SVM将基于区域的图像标注问题转化为对非平衡数据分类的问题,进而对图像标签进行分类以获取更符合图像真实含义的标注.实验结果表明,多核函数SVM图像标注性能优于单独使用局部或全局核函数.     

郑玄《诗经》笺及《三礼》注疑问句的研究

郑玄为《诗经》《三礼》所作笺注中的疑问句,反映了东汉末期疑问句的特点。从郑注看,其疑问句中的疑问词出现了双音化现象,疑问标记三重复用现象也有所增多,疑问代词"何"也成为了较高层级的疑问标记。