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31.
High-density structures with relatively well-ordered nanopore arrays have been obtained by the self-ordering growth of nanopores occurring during anodisation of aluminium in sulphuric acid. The resulting array of well-ordered nanopores strongly depends on an applied voltage of anodising, temperature and a procedure of synthesis. Regular arranged hexagonal arrays on aluminium with a relatively uniform pore diameter, interpore distance, and depth of pores exceeding 90 μm, can be formed by the self-ordering two-step anodising at 1 °C. The interpore distance and the pore diameter were evaluated on anodised aluminium layers obtained at different cell potentials ranging from 15 to 25 V. The detailed analyses of their uniformity were performed from SEM images. The analysis of a pore arrangement defects was made from SEM top view images taken on samples anodised at various cell potentials. The defect maps, known as Delaunay triangulations, of the arrangement of about 1000 pores were constructed for different applied anodising potentials. The percentage of pores that are not six-fold coordinated by the neighbouring pores indicates the percentage of defected surface. 相似文献
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34.
铝电解槽磁流体稳定性有限元分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文采用有限元法求解分层磁流体小扰动方程系统特征值,研究铝电解槽稳定性。研究结果表明,在没有电磁力时,铝液表面波动(内波)是稳定的。存在电磁力时,它会激发铝液表面波动的某些低频长波分量不稳定性,高频短波不受影响。被激发的不稳定波动频率和扰动增长率与电流密度,磁感应强度垂直分量,铝电解槽长宽比,电解质和铝液的密度差,厚度等因素密切相关。减少电流密度,磁感应强度,增加电极距离和铝液厚度可以提高铝电解槽的稳定性。这对铝电解槽优化设计和在线控制有重要意义。 相似文献
35.
Porous alumina films can be found in a wide variety of materials, including filters, thermal insulation components, dielectrics, biomedical and catalyst supports, coatings and adsorbents. Production methods for these films are as equally diverse as their applications. In this work, a hybrid process based upon chemical vapor deposition and gas-to-particle conversion is presented as an alternative technique for producing porous alumina films, with the main advantages of solvent-free, low substrate-temperature operation. In this process, nanoparticles were produced in the vapor phase by reaction of aluminum acetylacetonate in the presence of oxygen. Downstream of this reaction zone, these nanoparticles were collected via thermophoresis onto a cooled substrate, forming a porous film. Some deposited films were subjected to post-processing in the form of annealing in air. Fourier-transform infrared spectra and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis confirmed the production of alumina at processing temperatures above 973 K. X-Ray diffraction revealed that the films were amorphous. Film thickness, ranging from 30 to 250 μm, and the average deposition rate were determined from scanning electron microscopy results. From transmission electron microscopy, the average primary particle size was determined to be approximately 18 nm and the formation of nanoparticle aggregates was evident. Annealing of the films at temperatures ranging from 523 to 1173 K in the presence of air did not have an effect on particle size. The specific surface area of the powder composing the films ranged from 10 to 185 m2 g−1, as determined from nitrogen gas adsorption by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. 相似文献
36.
We have used x-ray phase analysis to study the composition of the products of reaction between oxygen and nanocrystalline
powders with particle sizes 15, 40, 55, and 80 nm, and also specimens pressed (and sintered) from them. The powders were oxidized
in air at 100°C (400 h) to 500°C (5 min), while the sintered specimens were oxidized at 600–900°C for 15, 120, and 240 min.
In all cases, in the initial oxidation step the oxynitride Ti(OxNy) is formed, which over time is oxidized to TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5, TiO2 (anatase) and TiO2 (rutile). In the range 600–800°C, formation of a continuous oxide layer and conversion of anatase to rutile slows down diffusion
of oxygen in the scale. We have established that at 900°C, the growth rate of the scale thickness increases and so the reflections
from the oxynitride are barely noticeable on the diffraction patterns taken from the surface of the oxidized specimen. In
these diffraction patterns, along with strong reflections from the rutile, we also observed weak reflections from lower oxides
and anatase, which may be due to reaction between oxygen and the titanium ions diffused to the scale surface. We have concluded
that at T > 850°C, the mechanism for oxidation of TiN changes. This is due to superposition of counterdiffusion of titanium
ions on the diffusion of oxygen.
__________
Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 3–4(448), pp. 72–78, March–April, 2006. 相似文献
37.
Metin Kul Muhsin Zor Ahmet Senol Aybek Sinan Irmak Evren Turan 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2007,91(10):882-887
The CdO:F samples have been deposited onto microscope glass substrates at 250 °C by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. With the incorporation of fluorine into CdO, the direct optical transition has shifted towards the shorter wavelengths, and the transparency of the material has increased at a given wavelength above the fundamental absorption edge. The shift in the absorption edge is explained by means of the Moss–Burstein effect, which is also supported with the results of the current–voltage characteristics. Here, a correlation has been established between the band broadening and the increase in conductivity due to the increase in carrier density. 相似文献
38.
在聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)中添加 TiO_2和 Al_2O_3,通过热压成型的方法制备了 FEP/TiO_2复合材料和 FEP/Al_2O_3复合材料,研究了氧化物添加量对复合材料介电常数、介电损耗和高频击穿性能的影响。结果表明,随氧化物含量的增加,复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗均增加;在同一添加量下,TiO_2对复合体系的介电性能影响较大。FEP/TiO_2复合材料的高频击穿性能随 TiO_2含量的增加而下降,在 TiO_2含量为4.0%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的损伤阈值已降为 FEP 材料损伤阈值的48.9 %。而 FEP/Al_2O_3复合材料的高频击穿性能随 Al_2O_3含量的增加而升高,当 Al_2O_3含量为1.2%时,复合材料的损伤阈值已增大到 FEP 材料损伤阈值的2倍,达到313 J/m~2。 相似文献
39.
研究了元素含量变化对8011铝合金防盗盖板综合性能的影响,在8011合金中改变Cu、Mn元素含量后可提高防盗盖板的强度,同时研究了烘烤处理后的强度变化问题。本文研究出了8011铝合金防盗盖板新的生产工艺制度。 相似文献
40.