镁合金表面微弧氧化法

简要介绍了国内外镁合金表面处理方法，重点介绍了微弧氧化技术的发展现状、工艺和成膜性能。通过它与普通阳极氧化技术的对比，作者认为微弧氧化是最具潜力的镁合金表面处理技术之一。     

Experimental investigation on the bi-directional growing mechanism of the foils laminate approach in AAO fabrication

The foils laminate approach can be implemented to grow bi-directional porous pattern from both the top and bottom surfaces of an aluminum foil. It was intuitively inferred that leakage of etchant from the clamped area can be a feasible cause to have the upward pores grow in the notches of the unpolished surface. This leakage hypothesis has been disproved by the leakage blocking and triple layers laminate experiments. It is further inferred that the non-uniformity of the thickness or material properties of the aluminum foil causes non-uniformed anodization rate along the sample surface. The fast oxidized areas create a pathway for leakage such that a shorter porous array from the back side is observed. Experiments with the process time being reduced by two hours validate this inference     

Preparation and characterization of TiO2/Ti film electrodes by anodization at low voltage for photoelectrocatalytic application

Multiporous TiO₂/Ti film electrodes were prepared by different anodic oxidation processes at low voltage, in which the micro-structured TiO₂ thick films were prepared in H₂SO₄–H₂O₂–H₃PO₄–HF solution for 2 h and the nano-structured TiO₂ thin films were prepared in H₃PO₄–HF solution for 30 min with post-calcination. Both types of TiO₂/Ti films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reactivity of the TiO₂/Ti electrodes were evaluated in terms of bisphenol A (BPA) degradation in aqueous solution. The experimental results demonstrated that the nano-structured TiO₂/Ti thin-film electrodes had higher reactivity in the BPA degradation reaction. The PEC degradation of BPA was further studied using different cathodes, either a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) electrode or a platinum (Pt) electrode. The experimental results confirmed that the efficiency of BPA degradation could be significantly enhanced in the TiO₂/Ti–RVC reaction system due to the generation of H₂O₂ on the RVC cathode. It is believed that such a H₂O₂-assisted TiO₂ PEC oxidation process may have good potential for water and wastewater treatment.     

Photoluminescence properties of porous silicon layers prepared by electrochemical etching in extremely dilute HF solutions

Dilute HF solutions with concentrations down to 0.03% have been used to obtain luminescent porous silicon (PSi) layers on p-type Si wafers. The experimental results show that with a constant etching time of 30 min, PSi layers with sufficient luminescence efficiencies can be formed for HF concentrations as low as 0.1%. Because of a significantly lowered critical current density, only very low etching current densities of  ≤0.1 mA cm⁻² can result in the formation of luminescent PSi samples in 0.1% HF solutions. A notable result is that these low etching current densities cannot be used to form luminescent PSi layers in concentrated ( ≥1%) HF solutions. The behavior of PL intensity as a function of etching current density has been analyzed over a wide range of HF concentration. The PL intensity is determined by the ratio of the etching current density to the critical current density, suggesting that the presence of silicon oxides plays an important role in the formation of luminescent Si nanostructures in PSi layers.     

镁合金脉冲阳极氧化工艺

采用正交实验对镁合金在碱性环保型溶液的脉冲阳极氧化工艺进行了研究,分析了周期、占空比、电流密度、溶液温度、氧化时间等工艺参数对氧化膜层性能的影响,得出了最佳工艺为周期10 m s、占空比0.05、电流密度100 mA/cm2、温度40℃。采用扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射、电化学等多种测试方法对氧化膜层的性能、组分、形貌、结构以及耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,该工艺能在镁合金表面形成灰白色的氧化膜层,膜层光滑致密,与基体结合牢固。氧化膜微观为均匀多孔结构,孔径也小于直流成膜,氧化膜主要由MgO和MgA l2O4组成,膜层耐腐蚀和结合力优于传统的直流工艺制备的膜层。     

Electrochemical Molecular Conversion of α-Keto Acid to Amino Acid at a Low Overpotential Using a Nanoporous Gold Catalyst

A nanoporous gold (NPG) electrode prepared through a facile anodization technique was employed in the electrochemical reductive amination of biomass-derivable α-keto acids in the presence of a nitrogen source to produce the corresponding amino acids. NPG showed a clear reductive current in the presence of α-keto acid and NH₂OH, and the electrolysis experiments confirmed the production of L-amino acid. A reductive voltammetric signal at the NPG electrode appeared at a more positive potential by 0.18–0.79 V, compared with those at the planar-gold electrode without anodization and other previously reported electrode systems, indicating the high activity of the prepared nanostructure for the electrochemical reaction. Maximum Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of 74–93% in the reductive molecular conversion to amino acids of Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, and Leu were obtained under the optimized conditions. The FE values were strongly dependent on the applied potential in the electrolysis, suggesting that the hydrogen evolution reaction at the electrode surface was more significant as the applied potential became more negative. The effect of potential at the NPG was lower than that at the planar-gold electrode. These results indicate that nanostructurization decreases the overpotential for the electrochemical reductive amination, resulting in high FE.     

Electro-Optics and Band Gap Energies of Nanosilver-Coated TiO_2 Nanotubes on Titanium Metal

TiO_2 nanotubes on Ti metal surface were prepared by the electrochemical anodization method. Then, nanosilver was deposited onto the nanotubes by the electroless dip coating and the anodization. The obtained TiO2 nanotubes were examined by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and UV–Vis. The electrochemical band gap(E_g~(CV)) of the nanosilver-coated TiO_2 nanotubes prepared by the anodization was found as 1.54 eV. Using the UV–Vis measurements, the optical band gap energy(E_g~(op).) was calculated as 1.51 eV for the Ag/TiO_2 nanotubes obtained by electroless dip coating. The electrical conductivity of the TiO_2 nanotubes also increased from 3.0 9 10-4 to 34.7 S/cm after nano Ag deposition by the anodization method.These Ag/TiO_2 nanotubes with low band gap and high electrical conductivity are desirable for the applications in electronics, Li-ion batteries, and solar cells.     

AT变速箱电液比例控制阀阀体多台阶内小孔加工

电液比例控制阀是汽车AT变速箱的核心元件,而电磁阀ATF油压调节是靠衔铁推动阀芯克服主油路压力、弹簧推理和摩擦力在阀体内孔中移动实现的。阀体内孔是难加工的多台阶高精度小孔,阀芯顺畅移动取决于阀芯和阀体内孔的加工质量。本研究通过采用多参数的单因素影响试验方法,对加工刀具、加工方法和切削用量参数等进行加工试验,最终获得了能够保证阀体内孔加工质量的工艺方案。     

阳极氧化法制备透明氧化铝薄膜的研究

以铝箔为阳极,石墨为阴极,草酸为电解液,采用二次阳极氧化法制备透明氧化铝薄膜。采用金相显微镜观察一次阳极氧化和二次阳极氧化后氧化铝薄膜的表面形貌,并用X射线衍射仪对氧化铝薄膜结构进行表征。结果表明,二次阳极氧化工艺对氧化铝薄膜的质量有重要的影响。采用退火-除油-浸蚀-电化学抛光-一次阳极氧化-二次阳极氧化工艺,并严格控制工艺参数,可以制备结构良好的透明氧化铝薄膜,且氧化铝薄膜是非晶态结构。