Efficient multilevel image segmentation through fuzzy entropy maximization and graph cut optimization

The fuzzy c-partition entropy has been widely adopted as a global optimization technique for finding the optimized thresholds for multilevel image segmentation. However, it involves expensive computation as the number of thresholds increases and often yields noisy segmentation results since spatial coherence is not enforced. In this paper, an iterative calculation scheme is presented for reducing redundant computations in entropy evaluation. The efficiency of threshold selection is further improved through utilizing the artificial bee colony algorithm as the optimization technique. Finally, instead of performing thresholding for each pixel independently, the presented algorithm oversegments the input image into small regions and uses the probabilities of fuzzy events to define the costs of different label assignments for each region. The final segmentation results is computed using graph cut, which produces smooth segmentation results. The experimental results demonstrate the presented iterative calculation scheme can greatly reduce the running time and keep it stable as the number of required thresholds increases. Quantitative evaluations over 20 classic images also show that the presented algorithm outperforms existing multilevel segmentation approaches.     

用新的理念规划建设现代石化物流园区

论述石化物流园区的规划建设问题。提出用新的理念规划建设现代石化物流园区,发展绿色物流。绿色物流既包括企业的绿色物流活动,又包括对绿色物流活动的管理、规范和控制。     

Mesoporous silica with short-range MFI structure

A new type of mesoporous silica has been prepared which showed 780 m²/g of BET surface area and 0.6 ml/g of primary mesopores narrowly distributed around 4.2 nm. More importantly however, is that it showed short-range zeolite crystallinity as demonstrated by FTIR and XRD analysis, and hydrophobicity as demonstrated by water and n-hexane adsorption.

This material was synthesized via a dual-template, three-step hydrothermal–flocculation–steaming synthesis procedure developed by us recently. Briefly, MFI nanoprecursors (NPs) were first prepared by a low-temperature hydrothermal step using TPAOH as template for zeolite structure, and then flocculated using a surfactant that served as the template for the mesopores. The collected NPs are mesoporous silica exhibiting short-range MFI domains when directly calcined. However, the steaming step promoted the crystallization of the NPs and created uniform mesopores. It was found that almost every detail in these procedures affected the properties of the final product. The most important variables, however, were identified as the duration the flocculants were kept in contact with the liquid phase, and the humidity under which the steaming was conducted. By properly adjusting the procedures, the said mesoporous silica, as well as nanocrystals having high external surface area, could be produced at will.     

基于灰度形态重构的颗粒图像分割方法

提出了一种基于距离变换、形态重构和分水岭算法的图像分割算法。将一幅图像通过距离变换得到距离灰度图,与形态重构算法结合,得到颗粒图像的标识点图,用标识点图对距离灰度图进行分割,再用分水岭变换对分割后的距离灰度图进行变换。试验表明,该算法能有效合理地解决粘连或者重叠颗粒等物体的分割。     

PVA基活性碳纤维的研制

探索了由民用大丝束聚乙烯醇纤维(PVAF)试制活性碳纤维(ACF)的可能性,以开辟新的原料路线,降低产品成本。PVAF首先用脱水剂处理,脱水剂浓度为10%(质量),然后在200—300℃进行热处理,处理后的纤维再经预氧化和碳化活化转化为ACF,ACF的收率为37.7%,比表面积为1050m~2/g。此外,还探索了用O_3处理PVAF。用差热、热失重和红外等手段对产物进行了表征,推论了相应的反应机理。结果表明:经适当处理的PVAF可制得具有较好吸附性能的ACF。     

管材超声波分层缺陷检测中盲区的构成探析

管材超声波分层检测作为控制产品质量的关键步骤,必须引起相关从业人员的重视,特别是要重点分析分层缺陷检测中盲区的构成原因和分布特征。只有这样,才能切实保证检测结果的准确性,更好地控制管材质量。通过对超声波分层缺陷检测的重要性进行阐释,分析了其中盲区的构成和分布等问题。     

Preparation and characterization of trilobal activated carbon fibers

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of several different methods for controlling the pore size and pore size distribution in activated carbon fibers. Variables studied included fiber shape, activation time, and the addition of small amounts of silver nitrate. Pure isotropic pitch and the same isotropic pitch containing 1 wt.% silver were melt spun to form fibers with round and trilobal cross sections. These fibers were then stabilized, carbonized, and activated in carbon dioxide. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE SEM), electron dispersive spectra (EDS), and wavelength dispersive spectra (WDS) were used to monitor the size and distribution of the silver particles in the fibers before and after activation. Each of these analyses showed that the distribution of silver particles was extremely uniform before and after activation. The fibers were also weighed before and after activation to determine the percent burn-off. The BET specific surface areas of the activated fibers were determined from N₂ adsorption isotherms measured at −196 °C. The results showed that round and trilobal fibers with equivalent cross-sectional areas yielded similar burn-off values and specific surface areas after activation. Also, activation rates were found to be independent of CO₂ flow rate. The porosity of the activated fibers depended on the total time of activation and the cross-sectional area of fibers. The N₂ adsorption measurements showed that the activated fibers had extremely high specific surface areas (greater than 3000 m²/g) and high degrees of meso- and macro-porosity. FE SEM was also used to investigate surface texture and size of pore openings on the surfaces of the activated fibers. The photos showed that silver particles generated surface macro- and mesopores, in agreement with the inferences from N₂ adsorption measurements.     

基于自然语言处理的算法知识名称发现

网络中的很多程序资源在知识概念上有内在的联系,却没有超链接将它们连接在一起。将网络程序资源中的算法知识名称获取出来,组织成一个算法知识专家库文件,用于识别程序设计资源所含的知识点,即可将程序设计资源按知识点相互联系。为了自动获取程序资源中的算法知识名称,提出一种基于自然语言处理的算法知识名称发现方法。通过发现含有算法知识名称语句的字符串模式,从程序资源中提取可能含算法知识名称的字符串,从中找出最有可能出现在算法知识名称中的分词,并根据这些分词获取算法知识名称。实验结果表明,与原有人工整理出的算法知识名称集合相比,该方法新增了11.2%的算法知识点和13.6%的算法知识名称。     

Preparation and characterization of antibacterial silver-dispersed activated carbon aerogels

Silver-dispersed carbon aerogels (CAs) were obtained by direct immersion of organic aerogels prepared by ambient pressure drying technique in AgNO₃ aqueous solution and then carbonization. The effect of preparation conditions such as the resorcinol/catalyst ratio, the feed AgNO₃ concentration, the ratio of aerogel mass/solution volume, immersion time and carbonization temperature on the bulk density and silver content as well as the BET surface area of the dispersed CAs was studied. The dispersion and structure of silver nanoparticles in obtained materials were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The Ag-dispersed CAs prepared exhibit strong and long-term antibacterial activity.     

基于MultiLayer水平集的脑MRI图像分割框架

提出了一种新的自动初始化水平集的方法和基于MultiLayer水平集的活动轮廓模型。该模型同时进行偏移场去除和图像分割,因此可以有效地克服灰度不均匀性的影响。最后利用了大脑皮层的距离信息,在框架中增加了厚度约束项。实验结果显示,相比著名的LBF模型,该框架不但可以获得更高的分割精度,而且分割时间也大大减少。