一种基于混合高斯模型的多目标进化算法

目前,大多数多目标进化算法采用为单目标优化所设计的重组算子.通过证明或实验分析了几个典型的单目标优化重组算子并不适合某些多目标优化问题.提出了基于分解技术和混合高斯模型的多目标优化算法（multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and mixture Gaussian models,简称MOEA/D-MG）.该算法首先采用一个改进的混合高斯模型对群体建模并采样产生新个体,然后利用一个贪婪策略来更新群体.针对具有复杂Pareto前沿的多目标优化问题的测试结果表明,对给定的大多数测试题,该算法具有良好的效果.     

基于混合PSO的高斯混合模型地形分类

提出了一种基于改进的混合粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法的高斯混合模型地形分类方法。高斯混合模型的求解通常是使用期望最大化算法(expectation maximization,EM),然而EM算法易陷入局部最优,收敛速度不稳定且对初值敏感。因此引入混合PSO算法,并对其进行了一系列改进。实验结果表明:改进后的算法较其它优化算法提高了全局搜索能力和收敛速度,利用该算法求解高斯混合模型可以提高参数估计的精度,并且在户外场景图像的地形分类实验中所提出的地形分类方法也表现优良。     

Diffusion of two associated solvents in various compositions through a swelling polymer material,EVAc

The particular sorption by a swelling polymer with the transfer of hydrocarbons was studied in order to evaluate some barrier properties of this material. The transfer of two types of solvents through two varieties of ethylene vinyl acetate was investigated: absorption of pure toluene and pure n‐hexane and absorption of a toluene/hexane mixture in various compositions. A comparison between the two processes showed that these transfers were very different and depended on two factors: vinyl acetate content and composition of the mixture. The kinetics of absorption were calculated for various compositions. The profiles of concentration as well as the kinetics of swelling were evaluated using a numerical model deduced from the general theory of radial diffusion of a substance with change in dimensions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2099–2106, 2007     

Interaction of a shock pulse with a contact discontinuity

Passing of a triangular moderate-intensity pulse through a constant discontinuity is considered. Decay of the shock wave that passed into the second gas is analyzed. Damping of the detonation wave after burnout of the combustible mixture is discussed. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 102–107, July–August, 2007.     

沥青带水磺化工艺的研究

通过沥青磺化过程的主反应和副反应，进一步讨论了磺化工艺的原理，磺化试剂的选择，溶剂的组成，带水速度，溶剂的回收方式等各种因素对产品质量的影响。     

Pervaporation study of water and tert‐butanol mixtures

The permeation behavior of water/tert‐butanol mixture through Sulzer Pervap2510 hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes was investigated and the effects of feed composition and temperature on separation efficiency of the membranes were studied. The pervaporation experiments were carried out with feed water content varying from 0 to 20 wt % according to the existing industrial needs and with the feed temperature from 60 to 100°C. Over this range, both water flux and separation factor increased with increasing water content and feed temperature. These phenomena may be attributed to (1) the strong interaction between water and the membrane, (2) the decoupling effect of the permeants and the membrane at elevated temperatures, and (3) the steric hindrance effect of branch chain alcohol. The permeability ratio (the ideal separation factor) of water to tert‐butanol across the membrane was calculated and found to follow the same relationship with increasing temperature and water content. Both flux and separation factor obtained from the Pervap2510 membrane in this study were much higher than previous reported values, possible causes for which were analyzed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 4082–4090, 2004     

Comparison of different flowability tests for powders for inhalation

A series of placebo powders for inhalation was characterized regarding bulk density and powder flowability using different techniques. The powders were of the ordered mixture type and were prepared by mixing a pharmaceutical carrier grade of lactose with different fractions of intermediate sized and fine (i.e., micronized) lactose. A modified Hausner Ratio was obtained by measurement of the poured and the compressed bulk densities. Other tests investigated were the angle of repose, the avalanching behaviour using the AeroFlow, and the yield strength using the Uniaxial tester. Furthermore, the relation between ordered mixture composition and flowability was examined.Of the methods investigated, the modified Hausner Ratio discriminates well between the investigated powders and seems to have the widest measuring range. It was also found that the poured and compressed bulk densities provide information about the packing of the particles in the powders. A good correlation was obtained between the modified Hausner Ratio and the angle of repose. The AeroFlow was suitable for powders with a low percentage of fine particles, but could not discriminate between the more cohesive powders. The Uniaxial tester, on the other hand, seems to be better suited for more cohesive powders.Regarding the powder composition, addition of micronized particles has a strong influence on the flowability of ordered mixtures, while intermediate sized particles have little impact on the powder flow.     

再生剂与老化沥青微观作用机理

采用分子动力学模拟方法,根据老化沥青体系溶解度参数变化规律,研究了再生剂组分对老化沥青相容性的影响;通过体系的相互作用能分析,探讨了再生剂组分对老化沥青再生的作用机理。结果表明,芳香分有助于改善老化沥青的相容性,且芳香分掺量越大改善效果越好;饱和分则刚好相反,这与实验结论相一致。芳香分与老化沥青相互作用能随掺量增大而急剧增大,意味着两者相互吸引作用显著增强,其原因在于静电相互作用能占据主导地位,范德华相互作用能相对较小;然而饱和分与老化沥青的相互作用能随掺量变化不大,其中静电相互作用能和范德华相互作用能几乎各占一半贡献。分子间的静电相互作用能是影响老化沥青再生的主要因素。     

烯酰吗啉/嘧菌酯复配型杀菌剂的杀菌性能研究

实验首先选取烯酰吗啉和嘧菌酯2种单剂对蕃茄早疫病菌进行抑菌实验研究,继而将2种单剂以不同配比复配,研究所得到混剂的抑菌作用。结果表明,烯酰吗啉与嘧菌酯单剂浓度均在800.0 mg/L时抑菌效果最好,抑制率分别为83.64%和80.77%,EC50值分别为274.0 mg/L和161.4 mg/L。烯酰吗啉/嘧菌酯比例在1∶10时的混剂抑菌效果最好,其抑制率为82.76%,EC50值为140.0 mg/L。通过比较,复配后的混剂EC50值远小于单剂的EC50值。由此证明烯酰吗啉与嘧菌酯复配后的混剂降低了烯酰吗啉的抗性风险。     

再生剂对再生沥青感温性的影响

通过3种再生剂对老化沥青进行再生实验,用针入度指数和粘温指数对再生沥青感温性进行评价并讨论再生剂的影响规律。实验结果表明,再生沥青在低温和中高温区的感温性均好于原料沥青,其中再生剂C再生的再生沥青感温性较好;3种再生剂对再生沥青中温区的感温性影响无明显规律,再生剂增加了老化沥青的感温性;再生剂A对再生沥青的高温区感温性有所降低,而再生剂B和C则略有增加。结合再生剂组分分析数据得出饱和分能降低沥青的高温区感温性,而芳香分则增加沥青的高温区感温性。