Robust Fault‐Tolerant Control of Launch Vehicle Via GPI Observer and Integral Sliding Mode Control

A robust fault‐tolerant attitude control scheme is proposed for a launch vehicle (LV) in the presence of unknown external disturbances, mismodeling dynamics, actuator faults, and actuator's constraints. The input‐output representation is employed to describe the rotational dynamics of LV rendering three independently decoupled second order single‐input‐single‐output (SISO) systems. In the differential algebraic framework, general proportional integral (GPI) observers are used for the estimations of the states and of the generalized disturbances, which include internal perturbations, external disturbances, and unknown actuator failures. In order to avoid the defects of the conventional sliding surface, a new nonlinear integral sliding manifold is introduced for the robust fault‐tolerant sliding mode controller design. The stability of the GPI observer and that of the closed‐loop system are guaranteed by Lyapunov's indirect and direct methods, respectively. The convincing numerical simulation results demonstrate the proposed control scheme is with high attitude tracking performance in the presence of various disturbances, actuator faults, and actuator constraints.     

下井人员生命体征传感器的设计

针对目前中国矿井人员健康在线监测技术落后、未实现下井人员身体状况在线监测的现状,介绍了一种矿井人员区域定位与健康监测系统的总体结构,重点研究了下井人员健康监测传感器技术,提出了体温监测传感器、脉搏监测传感器、救护队员姿态监测传感器及一种集成的生命体征监测传感器的设计方案,对预防矿井潜在医疗紧急事件具有重要意义。     

基于六脉波交交变频的闭环调压调速方法研究

针对六脉波交交变频调速技术在高频段存在各频级间转速差较大的问题,提出了一种基于六脉波交交变频的闭环调压调速方法。该方法在2个高频段之间设置多个电压等级,通过改变交交变频输出电压的大小,进行交交变频闭环有级调压调速。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法能够有效利用存储器空间,扩大交交变频调速范围,调速效果较好。     

坝王河羡塘至大井、小井河段开发方式研究

针对坝王河流域忽明忽暗、明伏交替、落水洞遍布、地下暗河系统发育等强喀斯特特点,拟对羡塘至大井、小井河段的开发采取分段开发的思路,上河段为合理规避河段喀斯特渗漏问题,采用长隧洞引水方式;下河段为避开地下暗河系统和渗漏河段,选择成库条件较为可靠的坝址和引水线路较短的开发方案.其工程经验可供类似流域开发借鉴.     

承担单一工业供水水库供水保证率推荐按月计算的方法

径流调节是确定河流治理开发方案及水利枢纽工程规模的重要环节,供水水库径流调节计算的任务是在来水确定的情况下,计算兴利库容、保证供水量和设计保证率三者之间的关系。根据《水利工程水利计算规范》（SL104-95）,对于综合利用的水库工程,当各用水部门设计保证率以不同方式表示时,先进行换算,统一以年保证率表示。但对承担单一供...     

山区小流域水土流失综合治理经济评价与效益分析——以天台县祥和溪等5条小流域为例

从天台祥和溪等5条小流域水土流失现状分析和水土流失综合治理措施出发,通过对坡改梯、水保林、经济林和小型水土保持工程的投入和效益分析,论证了水土流失综合治理的基础效益、生态效益和经济效益;同时通过对项目进行国民经济评价,经济内部收益率(EIRR)、经济净现值(ENPV)和效益费用比(EPCR)3项指标均达到要求。     

The Sanaga discharge at the Edea Catchment outlet (Cameroon): An example of hydrologic responses of a tropical rain‐fed river system to changes in precipitation and groundwater inputs and to flow regulation

The Sanaga River is one of Sub‐Saharan Africa's largest and greatly regulated rivers. Available flow data for this hydrosystem largely cover the pre‐ and post‐regulation periods. From comparisons between unregulated (hypothetical) and observed scenarios, it has been possible to separate and to quantify hydro‐climatic (groundwater + rainfall) change effects from anthropogenic impacts (especially dam‐related alterations). To appreciate shifts in the river regime, discontinuity detection tests and the IHA model were applied to discharge data series reflecting average and extreme flow conditions, respectively. Results obtained principally from the Hubert segmentation method reveal that a major discontinuity occurred in 1970–1971 separating a surplus phase between 1945–1946 and 1969–1970, and a deficient and much contrasted one, from 1971/1972. This implies that the Sanaga catchment is dominantly affected by hydro‐climatic changes. However, wide land cover/land use changes experienced here since 1988 have resulted in an increase in surface runoff. Additional quickflows linked to these changes may have partly compensated for the substantial decline in the dry season rainfall and groundwater inputs observed from this date. Although at the monthly scale, dam‐related impacts on average flows increase with stage of regulation, the seasonal variability of the river regime remains generally unaffected. A comparison of the IHA statistics, calculated from unregulated and observed streamflow data, show that hydrologic shifts occurring in maximum and minimum discharges are mostly significant from 1971/1972 and are mainly due to the action of dams. Minimum flows appear, however, widely impacted, thus reflecting the prime objective assigned to the existing reservoirs, constructed to supplement flows for hydroelectricity production during the dry season. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水电机组一次调频性能评价探讨

针对水电机组一次调频现状,对一次调频的调节死区、负荷限幅等参数进行了分析,对一次调频的动态响应速度和稳定性等评价指标进行了探讨,给出了水电机组一次调频调节死区、负荷限幅、动态响应速度及响应稳定性的修改建议,并对出力保证系数这一指标阐述了新的考核方法。     

供水管网中压力真实值的批次平差算法

分析了测压点优化布置的意义及原则,并根据供水周期性,依靠数量有限的测压点压力数据,结合管网的水力计算,利用传统的平差原理,将测压点以外的其它节点压力进行真实性校正,推算出了管网各节点的真实压力值,实现了通过有限测压点数据对管网所有节点压力的全面了解。     

基于投影匹配的目标姿态测量方法研究

提出一种在图像投影匹配基础上进行的目标姿态测量新方法,避免了传统姿态测量中左右像面目标的特征匹配或灰度匹配.二维投影相关法是基于二维投影的灰度相关匹配算法,主要利用匹配图像相邻像素的灰度值的大小关系应该相同的原理进行图像匹配.在此基础上采用双目视觉测量空间轴对称目标姿态,应用面面交会法获取轴对称目标在像面的轴线,进行三维姿态测量.模拟实验结果表明:该方法姿态角测量误差小于0.2°;且计算速度快,结果稳定,能够满足处理的要求.