Dynamic disturbance rejection controllers for neutral time delay systems with application to a central heating system

In the present paper the problem of disturbance rejection of single input-single output neutral time delay systems with multiple measurable disturbances is solved via dynamic controllers. In particular, the general form of the controller matrices is presented, while the necessary and sufficient conditions for the controller to be realizable are offered. The proposed technique is applied to a test case neutral time delay central heating system. In particular, the nonlinear model of the plant and its linearized approximation are presented. Based on the linearized model, a two-stage controller is designed in order to regulate the room temperature and the boiler effluent temperature. The performance of the closed loop system is investigated through computational experiments.     

PNG复杂曲面纹理映射的仿真方法

随着PNG图片越来越广泛的应用,所以研究复杂曲面纹理映射的方法有着重要的意义.为了在保持低存储量,小计算量的同时,针对PNG图片的复杂曲面自动纹理映射的变形,根据纹理扰动的缺点.提出了一种改进的复杂曲面纹理映射的方法,通过利用解二次椭圆偏微分方程,来得到任意曲面到平面的共形映射.方法不但可以自动分配纹理坐标到复杂的没有起伏的曲面,而且可以有效地克服复杂曲面的自动纹理映射的变形.避免纹理扰动,很好地解决了纹理的自动映射.     

塑料在汽车设计领域中的应用和创新应用

纵观汽车的百年发展史,不难发现塑料在汽车制造和设计当中扮演的角色越来越重要。讨论塑料在汽车工业当中的应用,大概可以从两个方向入手,其一是基于改进传统制造工艺的应用,其二是塑料在未来汽车领域的应用前景开发。了解目前应用状况,以及国际范围内塑料领域应用的前沿动态,对促进和启迪我国汽车工业乃至塑料工业的蓬勃发展是十分重要的。     

Detection of urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection by proteomic analysis

Acute allograft rejection has been recognized as a major impediment to improved success in renal transplantation. Timely detection and control of rejection are very important for the improvement in long-term renal allograft survival. Thus, biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute rejection are required urgently to clinical medication. This study seeks to search for such biomarker candidates by comparing patients' pre-treatment urinary protein profiling with their post-treatment urinary protein profiling. A total of 15 significantly and consistently down-regulated protein candidates were identified. Among them, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin precursor (AACT), tumor rejection antigen gp96 (GP96) and Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein (ZAG) were selected for further analysis. The results indicated that Western Blot assay of AACT, GP96 and ZAG had advanced the diagnosis time of acute renal rejection by 3 days, compared with current standard clinical observation and laboratory examination. Furthermore, the double-blind detection revealed that the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of acute renal rejection of AACT, GP96 and ZAG were 66.67%/100%/60%, 83.33%/100%/80% and 66.67%/100%/60%, respectively, and 100%/100%/100% in combination. In conclusion, urinary protein AACT, GP96 and ZAG could be a set of potential biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis of the acute rejection after renal transplantation.     

Comparative study of decay ratios of disturbance-rejection magnitude optimum method for PI controllers

One of the key time-domain closed-loop performance requirements is the closed-loop response decay ratio. In this paper, the decay ratios of the disturbance-rejection magnitude optimum (DRMO) tuning method [Vranci? D, Strmcnik S, Kocijan J. Improving disturbance rejection of PI controllers by means of the magnitude optimum method. ISA Trans 2004; 43: 73-84; Vranci? D, Strmcnik S. Achieving optimal disturbance rejection by using the magnitude optimum method. In: Pre-prints of the CSCC'99 conference. 1999. p. 3401-6] are analyzed and compared to decay ratios of two other modern tuning methods, i.e. the Kappa-Tau tuning method (based on time-domain step-response characteristics) [Astr?m KJ, H?gglund T. PID controllers: Theory, design, and tuning. 2nd ed. Instrument Society of America; 1995] and the non-convex optimization tuning method (based on frequency response) [Panagopoulos H, Astr?m KJ, H?gglund T. Design of PI controllers based on non-convex optimization. Automatica 1998; 34: 585-601; Panagopoulos H, Astr?m KJ, H?gglund T. Design of PID controllers based on constrained optimisation. IEE Proc Control Theory Appl 2002; 149 (1): 32-40]. It is shown that the DRMO method results in such a closed-loop response that the decay ratio is within a relatively narrow interval when compared to the other two methods.     

Disturbance attenuation by dynamic output feedback for input-delay systems

This paper addresses the optimal disturbance attenuation problem by output feedback for multivariable linear systems with delayed inputs. The attenuation is optimal in the sense that the controller minimizes the maximal amplitude of the plant output in response to such a disturbance. The controller is a general feedback, involving an observer, a state predictor, and a predicted state feedback. The optimal disturbance attenuation problem is formulated in terms of an equivalent system without delay. The optimal bound of the disturbance attenuation is then characterized, and it is shown that the optimal controller tends to have high gains. A necessary and sufficient condition to guarantee the existence of an optimal solution is provided using the geometric approach.     

基于照片的人体尺寸信息自动提取技术

针对3D扫描仪成本高,传统手工软尺测量效率低的状况,在保证精度的前提下,尝试应用图像处理理论从满足一定条件的照片提取人体尺寸信息,为建立人体尺寸信息库提供一种信息采集的自动化方法.通过对实验结果的分析,本文验证了此方法的可行性,并提出未来的研究方向.     

点火系对环形线圈车辆检测器辐射干扰的仿真

环形线圈车辆检测器是利用电涡流检测原理工作的一种车辆检测设备,存在易受电磁干扰影响的缺陷.汽车点火系是环形线圈车辆检测器工作环境中存在的强大宽带电磁干扰源.针对汽车点火系对环形线圈车辆检测器可能产生的辐射干扰,采用基于有限积分技术的仿真软件进行了数值仿真.仿真结果表明,在不考虑汽车金属外壳屏蔽作用,并且点火系恰好位于环形线圈正上方的情况下,汽车点火系产生的辐射电场对环形线圈车辆检测器正常工作有严重影响,必须对其采取一定的屏蔽措施.     

基于改进型LADRC的STATCOM抑制双馈风电场次同步振荡策略

针对双馈风电场经串联补偿线路送出引发的次同步振荡问题,提出了一种基于改进型线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)的静止同步补偿器(STATCOM),实现对系统次同步振荡的抑制。LADRC设计时考虑延时因素,在控制计算中消除由信号测量、传输等延时导致的输入量之间时间轴上的不匹配。基于改进型LADRC设计了STATCOM的附加阻尼控制器、电压外环、电流内环控制器以及锁相环,使STATCOM为系统提供正阻尼,同时增强控制系统的速动性和抗干扰能力,以适应次同步振荡工况,并从阻抗角度分析了STATCOM抑制次同步振荡的作用机理。在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了系统的时域仿真模型,实验结果证实了所提出的抑制策略在动态性能和抗干扰方面的优越性。