Three-dimensional analysis of boreholes considering spatial variability of properties and poroelastoplasticity

In general, analysis of oil producing wells is carried out considering that both hydraulic and mechanical parameters of the rock mass are deterministic. Mechanical and hydraulic properties of rock masses and in particular sedimentary rock masses may show a considerable degree of spatial variability. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the three-dimensional borehole response, particularly of the plastic zone, taking into account the spatial variability of both hydraulic and mechanical properties. The analysis is performed with a developed finite element program that incorporates spatial variability, coupled fluid-mechanical effects and elastoplastic behavior of the rock mass. Examples are shown and conclusions are drawn regarding the effect of spatial variability on the three-dimensional borehole analysis.     

The effect of hexamethylene diisocyanate modified ALCELL lignin as a coupling agent on the flexural properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch – polypropylene composites

ALCELL lignin has been employed as a coupling agent in oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB)–polypropylene (PP) composites. The lignin has been chemically modified with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Evidence for the reaction between HMDI and lignin has been observed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The effect of lignin as a coupling agent on the flexural properties has been studied. The results show that the HMDI‐modified lignin is able to impart greater compatibility between EFB and PP. This is reflected in the greater flexural strength shown by the composites with HMDI‐modified lignin than those with the unmodified lignin. Scanning electron microscopy studies show that HMDI‐modification of lignin results in a better blending and compatibility between lignin and PP matrix. The glass transition temperature of lignin increases as the level of HMDI modification is increased. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

YOT型调速液力偶合器和YT型液粘调速器工作原理及其在电厂的应用

介绍了YOT型调速液力偶合器和YT型液粘调速器工作原理及特点,并对两者的工作特性进行比较分析,还分别介绍两种设备在电厂运行中的一些常见故障和处理方法。     

降水对桥基影响的三维渗流–应力耦合分析

 近邻桥梁进行降水施工时，地层的固结变形导致桥梁基础变形，当桥梁的基础变形过过大时，可能危及桥梁的安全和正常运行。为了预测降水过程中桥梁基础的空间响应和评估其安全状态，建立三维非饱和渗流–应力耦合分析数学模型，同时，运用ABAQUS软件，建立地层、地下水、桥梁相互作用的三维有限元模型。采用直接耦合分析方法，对近邻桥基进行降水施工时的动态降水过程进行三维仿真模拟。模拟结果表明，水位下降10 m时，降水所引起的地表最大沉降值为21.37 mm，桥基的最大沉降值为19.56 mm，相邻桥基的差异沉降不到2 mm，表明降水期间桥基没有安全隐患，现有的降水方案是可行的。通过将沉降计算值与现场量测值比较分析，两者数据吻合较好，表明所提出的计算模型和分析方法是合理的，可为类似问题的研究提供了借鉴和参考。     

Tool Length-Dependent Stability Surfaces

Abstract

This article describes the development of three-dimensional stability surfaces, or maps, that combine the traditional dependence of allowable (chatter-free) chip width on spindle speed with the inherent dependence on tool overhang length, due to the corresponding changes in the system dynamics with overhang. The tool point frequency response, which is required as input to existing stability lobe calculations, is determined analytically using Receptance Coupling Substructure Analysis (RCSA). In this method, a model of the tool, which includes overhang length as a variable, is coupled to an experimental measurement of the holder/spindle substructure through empirical connection parameters. The assembly frequency response at the tool point can then be predicted for variations in tool overhang length. Using the graphs developed in this study, the technique of tool tuning, described previously in the literature, can then be carried out to select a tool overhang length for maximized material removal rate. Experimental results for both frequency response predictions and milling stability are presented.     

6M32压缩机曲轴对接修复

利用往复压缩机的2根因裂纹报废的曲轴，截取其有用部分，用刚性联轴器成功对接成1根“新轴”，短时间内解决了压缩机无备轴影响生产的问题。     

以产量为目标的水平井最优井筒长度

目前在研究水平井水平段长度优化时,大多采用Dikken优化原则,即当摩擦损失减少了20%产能时的长度为最优水平井长度。考虑水平井筒内的摩擦压降的同时,建立了油藏内流动模型、水平井井筒内流动模型、耦合水平井与油藏渗流,利用井筒内流体质量守恒定律,以产量为目标推导了油藏水平井水平段最优长度公式。对其敏感性参数作了分析并讨论摩擦压降对产能的影响。该模型既可以确定合理的水平井筒段长度,同时对水平井长度的优化设计具有指导意义。     

Anti-plane electro-elastic fields in an infinite matrix with N coated-piezoelectric inclusions

Electro-elastic fields in an infinite matrix with N coated-piezoelectric inclusions are studied based on the complex variable method. Based on the assumption that the coated inclusions are completely bounded the matrix which is subjected to remote anti-plane shears and in-plane electric fields, the general solutions for complex potentials are first derived for arbitrary arrays of inclusions. Then, the numerical results are obtained for special cases in which the inclusions are located in different ways. Discussions are made about the influence of the coating thickness, the array type of inclusions and the material properties on the interface stresses and electric displacements in the matrix. It is found that both the array types of inclusions and the Young’s modulus of the three-phase material system have remarkable effects on stresses, but not on electric displacements, while the piezoelectric constants of the coating and its thickness have significant effects on electric displacements, but not on stresses.