基于logit模型的生物质供应链集成优化

针对农户的选择偏好,引入基于logit的离散计量分析模型,以研究秸秆收购价格、成本及政府补贴对农户生物质供应选择行为的影响。在此基础上,应用Stackelberg博弈模型对生物质供应链中加工厂、收集站和农户等不同利益主体之间的决策进行分析,确定了最优的生物质收购价格及收集站的服务半径。最后,通过算例分析验证了上述优化决策模型的有效性。研究表明,农户供应模式的选择与其对效用的敏感程度有关;政府实行补贴激励不仅能提高农户将秸秆直接送至加工厂的积极性,对加工厂和收集站的利益也有不同程度的提高。     

微波技术在环境保护领域中的应用

对当前微波辐射技术在环保领域的应用和研究状况进行了综述，着重介绍了微波加热机理及其特点，在废水、废气、固体废弃物的处理，环保材料的研制，环境监测等方面的应用，讨论了应用中存在的一些问题，并展望了微波技术在环保领域的应用前景。     

Electrochemical ferrate generation for waste water treatment using cast irons with high silicon contents

This paper deals with the electrochemical preparation of ferrate in 15 M NaOH media, with a view to treatment of waste waters. Grey cast irons with high silicon contents were shown to allow current yields in the range 20–40% depending on the applied current density, up to 34 mA cm^–2. Ferrate solutions with contents up to 0.08 M could be produced in a divided cell of simple design, and provided with flat or packed-bed electrodes. Deactivation of the anode surface was shown to be of moderate significance for hour-long runs. The ferrate produced was tested for treatment of industrial liquid wastes: coagulation efficiency of the suspended matter was comparable with that of an electrocoagulation process with sacrificial Al anodes. The potential of waste water treatment by addition of ferrate is discussed.     

含氨废水处理技术及工艺设计方案

本文根据氮肥厂废水的特点，研究了高浓度氨氮废水的处理方法-吹脱法的除氨机理和氨氮去除率的影响因素。针对pH值和温度对氨氮去除率的影响，我们做了实验，结果表明若去除率要达到90％以上，pH值必须大于12且温度高于90C。同时可以用CaO将废水的pH值调节到12以上。最后，针对这种废水的处理设计了可行的工艺方案。     

从废催化剂中回收钼

从废催化剂中回收钼是利国利民的重要研究课题，针对当前回收工作中存在的技术问题进行了认真的探索，成功地解决了回收中分离、沉淀等技术难题，设计出了较为有效的回收工艺，对焙烧条件、钼酸制备等问题进行了全面阐述。     

阳光下TiO2/GAC光催化处理洗涤剂废水的研究

利用太阳光作光源，采用固定在颗粒活性炭中的TiO2(TiO2／GAC)作光催化剂，利用其将活性炭极好的吸附性与TiO2优良的光催化性能结合于一体的特性，设计了对以洗衣粉配置的洗涤剂模拟废水的两种处理方案：同时光照-吸附法和吸附饱和-光照水洗再生法，并在实验基础上对两种方案的一些性能进行了讨论。     

磷酸铵生产中高温冷凝水密闭循环回收与应用

针对目前磷酸铵生产排出的高温冷凝水的热能未得到充分利用及由此产生的热污染，介绍了一种把排出的高温冷凝水密闭循环回收利用技术，可使蒸汽热力系统的运行效率提高10％以上。分析了该技术的特点和运行状况，认为采用该技术对蒸汽能力系统进行改造，投资少、见效快，投资回收期短、经济效益好，又消除了热污染现象，在磷酸铵生产中有推广价值。     

Ultrapyrolysis of automobile shredder residue

A fast pyrolysis (Ultrapyrolysis) process was employed to convert automobile shredder residue (ASR) into chemical products. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and temperatures between 700 and 850°C with residence times between 0.3 and 1.4 seconds. Pyrolysis products included 59 to 68 mass% solid residue, 13 to 23 mass% pyrolysis gas (dry) and 4 to 12 mass% pyrolytic water from a feed containing 39 mass% organic matter and 2 mass% moisture. No measurable amounts of liquid pyrolysis oil were produced. The five most abundant pyrolysis gases, in vol%, were CO (18–29), CO₂ (20–23), CH₄ (17–22), C₂H₄ (20–22) and C₃H₆ (1–11), accounting for more than 90% of the total volume. The use of a higher organic content ASR feed (58 mass%) resulted in less solid residue and more pyrolysis gas. However, no significant changes were noted in the composition of the pyrolysis gas.     

Recycling of pharmaceutical waste gelatin for controlled‐release applications. I. A 2,4‐dicholorphenoxy acetic acid based system

Gelatin is a natural macromolecular protein. It contains a wide variety of amino acids in its polymer structure, and it is colorless to yellowish, water‐soluble, and tasteless. It is used as a dispersing agent, sizing medium, and coating for photographic films and in pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, biodegradable mulching, based on waste gelatin from pharmaceutical gelatin scraps (derived from pharmaceutical soft gelatin capsule production), was formulated via the casting of water solutions or suspensions into flexible and consistent films. Gelatin was blended with synthetic materials such as poly(vinyl alcohol) and other natural wastes such as sugar cane bagasse and sawdust. To all formulations, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4‐D) was added as a herbicide. The morphology and mechanical properties of the samples were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing, respectively. The results showed that the produced films had controlled‐release properties. The effects of various additives and crosslinking on the films and the release of the herbicide 2,4‐D from the films were also investigated. The introduction of synthetic and natural additives reduced the release rate of 2,4‐D. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2313–2319, 2004     

气相色谱法低柱温技术在测定环境样品痕量八氟异丁烯中的应用

研究了色谱柱柱温对柱流失、分离效果的影响，采用低柱温技术显著降低了柱流失造成的背景，有利于痕量组分的分析；低柱温技术还明显提高了色谱柱分离效率，有利于在复杂成分样品中低沸点物质的测定。研究了在测定痕量全氟异丁烯中采用ECD检测器与相匹配的色谱柱问题，发现采用交联聚甲基硅氧烷类色谱柱比较适宜。利用本技术测定废水、环境气体中的痕量全氟异丁烯得到了满意的效果。