AA4343/AA3003铝合金薄板钎焊接头的显微组织特征

采用气氛保护钎焊工艺 ,对AA434 3/AA30 0 3铝合金复合板材料的钎焊接头组织特征 ,及其与焊接工艺的关系和对接头区显微硬度的影响进行了研究。实验结果表明 ,钎焊过渡区由单相α(Al)固溶体层和Si扩散层组成 ,它们的厚度随钎焊条件而发生变化。远离焊接区有一个α(Al)固溶体残余层 ,它的厚度保持 2 0 μm基本不变 ,与焊接参数和材料性质无关。讨论了钎焊接头特征组织的形成机理     

High-temperature precision forming of titanium blades

Based on the experimental study of superplastic deformation parameters, a technology was developed for producing near-net-shape compressor blade forgings for gas turbine units from Ti-6.2Al-2.5Mo-l.5Cr-0.2Si-0.5Fe. The mechanical properties of these blades are higher than those of blades produced by conventional methods, and the anisotropy coefficient is reduced. The improved properties of the blades can be attributed to the isotropy of mechanical properties resulting from the homogeneous fine-grained equiaxed structure produced throughout the blade volume.     

非晶Pd—Cu—Si合金的流变行为

在连续温条件下，测量了非晶Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金的应变速率和粘度随温度的变化曲线，在玻璃转变和晶化温区分别观测到伴随玻璃转变和晶化过程的粘度极小值，研究了升温速率对粘度极小值的影响，用结构转变的界晶模型解释了非晶Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金的粘滞行为。     

Sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al2O3 in simulated coal combustion/gasification environments

The effect of minor addition of -Al₂O₃ dispersoids on the sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni was investigated over a range of pO₂, 1.13×10^–20 to 1.18×10 ****^–22 atm. at constant pS₂=1.22×10^–8 atm. Fe-25Cr-20Ni and Fe-25Cr-20Ni 1.5 Al₂O₃ with and without preformed oxide scales were exposed to bioxidant gas mixtures H₂/H₂O/H₂S/Ar at 700° C. Both isothermal and cyclic exposures were included. Scales were characterized by a combination of several surface analytical tools. A remarkable improvement in sulfidation resistance is observed in Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al₂O₃ under the conditions investigated here. This is attributed to the ability of the alloy to form and maintain a predominantly Cr₂O₃ scale with reduced Fe-diffusion and content. Possible scientific reasons for such improvement are discussed. The base alloy, Fe-25Cr-20Ni, fails to develop and retain such a Cr₂O₃ scale and undergoes sulfidation within a few minutes of exposure. The scale breakdown process by sulfidation is explained qualitatively. Experimental evidence suggests that sulfur in the environment enhances Fe-diffusion and content in the scale.     

HYDROGEN TRAPPING EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTIONAL ALLOYING ELEMENTS IN α-Fe

用电化学渗氢方法测定了氢在纯Fe和Fe-Cr,Mn,Co,Si,Mo的二元合金中的扩散系数。结果表明所研究的二元铁基合金中,随着合金元素浓度的增加,氢的扩散系数降低,氢的扩散激活能增加。根据Oriani模型计算了各种合金元素的氢陷阱参数,并获得了相应的氢与陷阱结合能。按陷阱结合能由小到大的顺序是:Si,Co,Ni,Mn,Cr和Mo。最后根据合金元素引起的晶格应变场与氢的弹性交互作用和合金元素与氢的电性交互作用对结合能的本质进行了分析。     

Cu—Zn—Al合金逆形状记忆组织的电镜观察

用透射电镜观察了Cu-Zn-Al合金中逆形状记忆的贝氏体组织。在外加约束应力作用下,逆记忆量可以提高一个数量级,贝氏体片侧相界面的抛物线轮廓和贝氏体片交叉曲折的现象说明了贝氏体展宽是扩散控制的切变过程。     

热变形对合金钢A_（e3）影响的热力学计算

以超组元（Ｓｕｐｅｒｅｌｅｍｅｎｔ）模型为基础，开发了计算热变形后Ｆｅ－ΣＸ_ｉ－Ｃ（Ｘ_ｉ＝Ｍｎ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｏ，Ａｌ，Ｃｕ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｏ，Ｃｒ等）多组元合金钢的Ａ（ｅ３）的方法，并着重分析了γ相热变形对Ａ（ｅ３）的影响，未变形合金钢Ａ（ｅ３）的计算值，与前人的实测值基本符合．     

Fe3Al合金与Q235钢扩散焊界面元素的扩散

对Fe3Al／Q235扩散焊界面附近元素的分布进行计算并通过电子探针进行测定。结果表明，界面附近Al、Fe元素分布计算值和实测值的扩散趋势一致。随着加热温度和保温时间的增加，Fe3Al／Q235扩散焊界面附近元素的扩散距离增大。Fe3Al／Q235扩散焊界面过渡区宽度与保温时间的关系符合抛物线生长规律，保温时间超过60min后界面过渡区宽度不再明显增加。     

喷射沉积Al-17Si-5Fe-2Mn-2Ni-3.5Cu-1Mg-1V合金的组织及性能

采用喷射沉积快速凝固技术制备了Al-17Si-5Fe-2Mn-2Ni-3.5Cu-1Mg-1V合金,利用金相、X射线衍射和SEM等测试方法分析了合金的组织特征、热稳定性及力学性能。结果表明：喷射沉积合金的组织由大量弥散分布的粒状相、少量块状相和共晶基体组成。挤压态合金经300℃不同时间加热后,初晶Si相没有明显的粗化,热稳定性良好;合金经热挤压后,室温极限拉强度达232.2 MPa,经T6热处理后极限抗拉强度提高了17%,达271.3 MPa。     

新锆合金板材在LiOH溶液中的吸氢行为研究

研究了NZ2（Zr-1Sn-0．3Nb-0．3Fe-0．1Cr）新锆合金板材在高压釜内LiOH水溶液中，于360℃、18．6MPa条件下进行不同时间的渗氢后试样的吸氢特性。试样的吸氢量随时间增加而增加，其吸氢量曲线伴随转折现象．NZ2合金在渗氢时间为11h的吸氢量为220mg/L，仅相当于同样渗氢条件下Zr-4合金渗氢量的43％，比传统锆合金有更为优良的吸氢性能。NZ2合金板中的氢化物的生长方式为条片状，并平行于板材轧向。