不同叶片安装角的轴流泵内部流动特性分析

结合浙江省某更新改造泵站,在三维湍流Navier-Stokes控制方程的基础上,采用标准k-ε模型和SIMPLEC算法,对不同叶片安装角的轴流泵内部全流道流场进行了数值模拟,分析讨论了不同安装角下的叶片静压分布图、叶片相对速度分布图,对轴流泵的扬程进行了预测,最后给出了该轴流泵合适的叶片安装角。     

提高两类不同折射率粒子的俘获效应

通过调节双环型涡旋偏振光的截断参数,可分别得到中心强度较大且变化梯度大的三维亮斑和面积较小而且被均匀分布的亮场包围的三维暗斑.利用亮斑俘获折射率较大的瑞利粒子,使得俘获系数提高,达到717;利用暗斑俘获折射率较小的粒子,俘获系数也明显提高,为1 150.     

A modeling method of microburst based on multiple vortex ring

Microburst is a special kind of low-level wind shear, which may do great damage to aircrafts. Modelling of a microburst is significant for flight simulations. In this paper we adopt multiple vortex ring principle to model microburst and propose a new parameter selection method of multiple vortex ring model. We treat the parameters selection as an optimization problem, and introduce the differential evolution algorithm into it. A nested differential evolution algorithm is proposed to complete the two optimization process, objective optimization and intermediate optimization. The simulation results show that this method can flexibly generate microburst with any maximum wind velocity.     

尾板对重型载货汽车尾部流场的影响

为了降低风的阻力,对某牵引式重型载货汽车加装了4种不同形式和尺寸的尾板。并采用数值仿真的方法分析了尾板对流场的影响,探索了风阻产生机理和降低原因。仿真工况模拟正常车辆行驶速度25m/s,未考虑侧风影响。计算结果表明:安装4种尾板后风阻系数均有降低,降幅最大为2.8%,获得了较满意的降阻效果。对比分析了4种方案的整车气动阻力系数、流速分布及总压为零等值面的计算结果。研究发现:尾板对车身周围气流的影响集中在货箱尾部,改变了尾流中原有的环形漩涡结构,从而降低了风阻。     

侧向进水口立轴旋涡数值模拟

为了研究侧向进水口立轴旋涡的运动特性,以RNG模型为基础,引入VOF方法捕捉自由液面的变化,对立轴旋涡的形态及其运动轨迹进行了三维数值模拟,并对旋涡水面线和三维速度分布进行了分析。结果表明,侧向进水口前的旋涡是非对称的,其涡轴是一条空间曲线,旋涡下部在进水口的抽吸拉伸作用下发生扭曲。旋涡运动可分为三部分,第一部分水面线呈漏斗状,与对称旋涡类似,第二部分旋涡运动逐渐从竖向转为横向,第三部分为横向运动。在旋涡的上半部,轴向速度随着水深的增加而增大,当旋涡逐渐由竖向转为横向运动时,轴向速度逐渐减小直至为零。最大切向速度发生在淹没深度的52%处。     

基于神经元PID的风力发电机组独立变桨控制

依据风力机空气动力学原理,设计了神经元PID控制器,实现了风力发电机组3个桨叶的独立变桨控制。通过神经元PID控制,计算出桨距角,并与Park变换得到的附加桨距角相加,作为独立桨距角的设定值。基于Fast软件平台,以2 MW变速变桨风力发电机组为验证对象,对提出的控制策略与传统的统一变桨距控制策略进行仿真比较。结果表明,相对于统一变桨距控制,所提出的方法能有效确保在额定转速下机组输出功率稳定,同时也能有效降低风力发电机组各零部件的疲劳载荷。     

EXPERIMENTAL ESTIMATION OF A SCALING EXPONENT FOR TIP VORTEX CAVITATION VIA ITS INCEPTION TEST IN FULL- ANDMODEL-SHIP

Tip vortex cavitation noise of marine propeller became primary concerns to reduce hazardous environmental impacts from commercial ship or to keep the underwater surveillance of naval ships. The investigations of the tip vortex and its induced noise are normally conducted through the model test in a water cavitation tunnel. However the Reynolds number of model-test is much smaller than that of the full-scale, which subsequently results in the difference of tip vortex cavitation inception. Hence, the scaling law between model-and full-scales needs to be identified prior to the prediction and assessment of propeller noise in full scale. From previous researches, it is generally known that the incipient caivtation number of tip vortex can be represented as a power of the Reynolds number. However, the power exponent for scaling, which is the main focus of this research, has not been clearly studied yet. This paper deals with the estimation of scaling exponent based on tip vortex cavitation inception test in both full-and model-scale ships. Acoustical measurements as well as several kind of signal processing technique for an inception criterion suggest the scaling exponent as 0.30. The scaling value proposed in this study shows slight difference to the one of most recent research. Besides, extrapolation of model-ship noise measurement using the proposed one predicts the full-scale noise measurement with an acceptable discrepancy.     

水力机械模型试验台的设计研究

扼要介绍在水力机械模型试验台建设中,对试验台的主管路系统、流量率定系统、扭矩测量系统等进行的研究。开发了闸板可抽取式强迫压紧特殊阀,杜绝了管路内漏现象的发生;引进了模型水轮机叶片角度联调机构,在保证叶片角度调整精度的同时又提高了工作效率;采取了保持试验水质清洁的相关措施,节约了宝贵的水资源。该试验台通过了由中国电机工程学会和中国水力发电工程学会组织的技术鉴定,达到国际先进水平。