原棉成纱品质质量模型

基于对国内外原棉性能与成纱品质关系的研究,提出棉纤维综合品质指数(IFQI)的概念是棉纤维品质性状的综合表达,能表示原棉和成纱品质质量,是预测成纱强力的一个中间参数,并与成纱强力成正比的一个无量纲指标。在纺纱试验的基础上,建立了棉纤维综合品质指数的模型。该模型具有机理性强、自变量少、形式简单直观等优点。     

抗紫外涤纶纤维/玉米纤维/棉混纺织物的开发

文章介绍了抗紫外涤纶纤维/玉米纤维/棉的混纺织物的特点与性能,着重介绍了混纺织物的纺织加工技术关键及所采取的措施。     

棉/彩棉/绢丝混纺纱线的研制

为研究彩棉/绢丝混纺纱线的混纺比与成纱品质及拉伸性能之间的关系,利用天然棕色棉、白棉、绢丝3种纤维原料以不同的混纺比进行混纺,探讨其纺纱加工工艺,并纺制了系列棉/彩棉/绢丝混纺纱线,分别对不同混纺比纱线的性能进行测试。研究结果表明,随着绢丝含量的增加,天然彩色棉混纺纱线的强度、断裂伸长率、条干均匀度、粗节和细节等指标都得到明显改善。绢丝的加入对混纺纱线的棉结和毛羽没有明显的影响。绢丝原料可以在总体上改善天然彩色棉混纺纱线的性能。     

聚乳酸纤维织物前处理新技术

将超声波技术应用于PLA/棉织物酶退浆处理,比较常规酶退浆工艺与超声波工艺对PLA织物性能的影响。通过单因素试验优化了超声波酶退浆工艺：双氧水8 mL/L,精练剂4 g/L,退浆酶5 g/L,处理液pH值7.5,超声波频率45 Hz。在超声波作用下,生物酶前处理织物减重率提高15%,白度提高约20%以上。     

聚乳酸纤维/氨纶弹力包芯纱的开发

文章探讨了聚乳酸纤维/氨纶弹力包芯纱的生产工艺,阐述了在环锭细纱机上纺制聚乳酸纤维/氨纶弹力包芯纱的方法及各生产工序的工艺要点,对影响聚乳酸纤维/氨纶弹力包芯纱的主要工艺参数进行了工艺试验,并通过正交试验确定了纱线捻度和氨纶丝预牵伸倍数的最优工艺配置,最终顺利纺制出了40.13tex(77dtex)聚乳酸纤维与氨纶弹力包芯纱,质量达到了较好水平。     

Advances in electrospinning: The production and application of nanofibres and nanofibrous structures

The use of electrospun nanofibres in applications such as medical products, fuel cells, photocatalysis, filtration, sensors and actuators is reviewed. Yarn production is classified into two types, namely hollow and core-shell structures; the methods used for producing the two structures for different polymers are discussed. Explanations are given for the various arrangements for producing nanofibre yarns and bundles in non-twisted or twisted forms to suit their end use. Natural and synthetic polymer products for biomedical uses and their applications in the form of polymer nanofibres are reviewed and polymeric optical fibres for use in photonic devices and optical circuits are evaluated. The production and development of nanofibrous filtration devices is explored with specific reference to water treatment and the control of air pollution. Particular attention is then given to the evaluation of different electrospinning methods for PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), a piezoelectric polymer widely used in sensor applications in terms of their ability to harvest more energy after agitation of the sensor and the effects of different additives on the piezoelectric properties of PVDF. Priorities for further research are then outlined.     

粗纺花式线产品开发技术探讨

主要描述了花式粗纺面料的开发，并就其生产和工艺进行研究讨论，提出了生产过程中出现的问题，并对部分问题的解决给出了建议。     

天丝珍珠纤维混纺纱的开发

为开发天丝/珍珠纤维70/30 14.7 tex混纺纱,根据天丝和珍珠纤维的特性,采取原料混和的方法,合理选择工艺流程和配置各工序工艺参数,加强车间温湿度的控制与胶辊胶圈的使用,保证了成纱质量。     

适合老年人食用的大米筛选与复配

调查得出老年人易缺乏的营养素为钙、铁、VB1和VB2.按照国家标准对27种大米进行营养素的分析检测,筛选出了这几种营养素含量高的品种:黑龙江香米,铁含量为0.92 mg/100 g、VB.含量为0.40 mg/100 g;丝苗米3202,钙含量为18mg/100g、VB2含量为0.07 mg/100 g;黑米,钙含量为18 mg/100 g、VB2含量为0.13 mg/100 g;软黏,钙含量为20 mg/100 g、铁含量为0.77 mg/100 g;玄米3961,铁含量为0.84 mg/100 g、VB2含量为0.08 mg/100 g.根据营养膳食指南中推荐摄入值及老年人营养生理特点,从营养、口味和外观等方面科学地设计配方,复配开发出适用老年人食用的大米.     

Eco-friendly food products as source of natural colorant for wool yarn dyeing

ABSTRACT

Food products as a source of natural colorants are gaining widespread popularity around the globe due to their ayurvedic and eco-friendly nature. Current study is aimed with the utilization of food products (Saffron and madder) as a source of dye for woolen yarn. It is found that, for Saffron, irradiation of yarn for 6 min gives high color strength by dyeing for 45 min in the presence of 2% of salts using un-irradiated dye bath of 1 pH, whereas for madder, 4 min is optimal irradiation time for extract to dye irradiated yarn for 25 min in the presence of 6% of salts using the irradiated dye bath of pH 1. The mordanting carried out at optimal conditions show that using both extracts, woolen yarn dyed at optimal conditions has given good color characteristics. It is concluded that microwave radiation has not only improved natural dyeing process but also make the process more eco-friendly and sustainable as well.