失谐对叶片-轮盘结构振动特性的影响

研究了失谐对叶片—轮盘结构系统振动特性的影响。将叶片模拟为固定在轮盘上的悬臂梁模型,采用Hamilton变分原理和Galerkin方法,导出了系统的运动方程表达式。求解状态方程的特征值问题获得系统的特征向量。以一个含16个叶片的叶片—轮盘结构为例,分析了它的振动模态。结果表明,失谐会导致系统的振动模态出现局部化现象。分析了叶片的失谐量和轮盘的转速对结构振动模态局部化的影响。     

航空发动机涡轮盘用GH4133B合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为研究

材料的疲劳寿命由裂纹形成寿命和扩展寿命两部分组成。针对航空发动机涡轮盘用GH4133B合金,进行室温下不同应力比的疲劳裂纹扩展试验,测试疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值。Paris公式回归分析结果表明,裂纹扩展速率随应力强度因子和应力比的增大而增大,含门槛值的修正Paris公式能精确描述疲劳裂纹扩展行为。利用光学显微镜在线观测裂纹扩展路径,并利用扫描电镜考察试样断口微观形貌。结果发现,随应力强度因子增大,裂纹扩展路径由平直变得曲折。在疲劳裂纹萌生区、稳定扩展区和快速扩展区,断裂表面依次呈现为解理断裂、疲劳条带和沿晶韧窝混合断裂模式。基于断口反推理论反推载荷和裂纹扩展方程,结果表明,利用反推方程预测疲劳裂纹的扩展,可有效防范疲劳断裂的发生。     

Hydrogen bonding in lubricants for hard disk drives

Hydrogen bonding interaction within a small ensemble of water molecules, that within a group of water molecules and end-groups of Z-dol and Z-tetraol, and the effect of electrolyte ionic pair such as LiCl upon these interactions were examined by the molecular dynamics method based on the potential given by a semi-empirical SCF quantum mechanics. It was revealed that the strength of the hydrogen bond increased rapidly as the size of droplet increased, relating to the population density of hydroxyl units, and that such interaction was amplified significantly by the presence of electrolyte ionic pair. An extraordinary interaction was thus predicted between Z-tetraol and aqueous solution of alkali halide. An experimental study thence conducted revealed that Z-tetraol and aqueous NaCl solution (2 M) formed an extremely stable water-in-oil type emulsion. The emulsion consists of spheroids of several nanometers across wherein several thousands of water molecules are encased by several tens of Z-tetraol end-groups. The interfacial layer of each spheroid is formed and stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interaction between the hydroxyl units of the tetraol-ends and water molecules enhanced by the electrolyte ionic pairs. When disks coated with Z-tetraol were tested for flyability at high humidity, the head-disk interaction detected acoustically increased with time. Spontaneous formation of globules resulting from interaction of tetraol end-groups and water molecules assisted by ubiquitously present alkali halide contaminant would account for the observed increase of the head-disk interaction. Possible structures of perfluoropolyether lubricants ideal for magnetic disk application are discussed.     

Effects of flying height deviations on glide height tests for manufacturing hard disks

In this study, theoretical analysis and experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of avalanche-point deviation and the deviation between the calibration and test-flying heights during the glide head calibration in the glide height tests for manufacturing hard disks. To obtain accurate glide height test results and improve the reproducibility of the test, flying height control should be carried out by limiting the acceptable deviation range of the flying heights of the glide heads. When the avalanche-point deviation is zero, the test results using different calibrated rails (or heads) are the same when they are used to detect the same defect. To avoid wrong test results due to avalanche-point deviation, the test-flying height should be the same as the calibration flying height because the difference of the output voltages of any two rails (or heads) is zero in this case. If these two deviations cannot be eliminated completely, the calibration and test-flying heights should be carefully selected because the error still can be minimised depending on the selection of the flying heights.     

液液萃取-C18固相膜萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用测定地下水中半挥发性有机物

采用液液萃取法和C₁₈固相膜萃取法对水样进行前处理,利用气相色谱/质谱联用技术进行分析测定,通过回收率实验和精密度实验对两种前处理方法进行比较。在加标回收实验中，液液萃取法的加标回收率普遍低于65%，不符合US EPA标准（70%~130%），而C₁₈固相膜萃取法的加标回收率都在70%~120%之间，符合US EPA标准；在精密度实验中，液液萃取法的相对标准偏差在30%以内，而C₁₈固相膜萃取法的相对标准偏差均不超过20%，两者均符合US EPA标准（<30%），但是C₁₈固相膜萃取法的实验效果更好。从实验中得出，C₁₈固相膜萃取法是地下水样较好的前处理方法。利用所研究的方法分析了北京市某生活区的地下水样，在该水样中检出了63种有机化合物，包括1种酯类、1种醇类、2种酸类、2种酚类、2种氯代烃、25种苯系物、4种烯烃、14种烷烃和12种多环芳烃。     

硬盘驱动器的冲击振动响应与控制

硬盘驱动器是计算机最重要的外存储设备。由于硬盘抗冲击振动问题的重要性和复杂性,许多研究者对此问题从各个方面进行了研究。本文从硬盘的基本结构与工作原理入手,分析了硬盘的头盘系统在冲击振动作用下的响应特点及其失效机理,并对国内外有关提高硬盘抗冲击振动性能的研究进行了较为系统的回顾与分析,最后阐述了硬盘冲击振动的控制方法和原理。     

Prediction of residual stress distribution after turning in turbine disks

The state of a surface region after machining is definitely affected by cutting parameters, such as cutting speed, feed rate, tool nose radius, tool rake angle and the presence of a cutting fluid, which plays a major role in determining friction at the tool–chip interface. The aim of the present study is to develop a finite element model based on the general-purpose nonlinear finite element code MSC.Marc by MSC.Software Corporation. This software is capable of simulating the cutting process of low-pressure turbine disks of aircraft jet engines from its very beginning to steady-state conditions. Basically, the present analysis is a coupled thermo-mechanical dynamic-transient problem, based on the update Lagrangian formulation; no pre-defined path is given for the separation of the chip from the workpiece, since material deformation occurs as a continuous indentation performed by the rigid tool. In addition to the cutting parameters, the main inputs in this analysis are material constitutive data, the friction coefficient at the toolchip interface and the cutting tool temperature. All the relevant variables, like stresses, strains, temperatures, chip shape and residual stresses, are predicted in a wide range of cutting conditions. The results from the model are compared to some basic theories of metal cutting and to an experimental study, concerning orthogonal cutting of steel AISI 316L. Concerning the specific case of turning process of nickel alloy Inconel 718 low-pressure turbine disks, the calculated residual stress are compared to experimental measurements from real machined disks.     

基于扩展有限元的巴西圆盘动态裂缝扩展分析

应用ABAQUS扩展有限元方法模拟了冲击荷载下含预设裂纹混凝土巴西圆盘的裂纹扩展、贯通情况,分析了其应力场分布规律和不同网格算法对裂纹扩展路径的影响.算例表明：含有初始切槽的巴西圆盘Ⅰ型裂纹从裂尖最先起裂沿着直径方向扩展,网格算法对扩展路径几乎没有影响,离散性较小;ABAQUS平台的XFEM能够正确捕捉裂纹开裂的位置以及扩展的路径,具有广阔的工程应用前景.     

Importance of considering unsaturated triaxial tests including ceramic disk as initial and boundary value problems

Considering unsaturated triaxial tests including a ceramic disk as initial and boundary value problems, a series of suction change, isotropic consolidation, and drained shearing processes was simulated using a soil-water-air coupled elastoplastic finite deformation analysis code. As a result, it was demonstrated that the delayed behavior of a wetting-induced collapse during the suction change and isotropic consolidation processes, as well as water-absorption behavior during the subsequent drained shearing process, were attributed not to the characteristics of the soil specimen, but to the permeability of the disk. Thus, it is important to take the ceramic disk into account in unsaturated triaxial tests regarded as initial and boundary value problems in order to understand the temporal change behavior of unsaturated soil specimens. Otherwise, there is a risk that the behavior appearing as the solution of an initial and boundary value problem may be modeled as a constitutive relation.     

新型压扩多支盘灌注桩的数值模拟分析

压扩多支盘灌注桩是在挤扩支盘扩孔灌注桩的基础上改进而来的一种新桩型,是将静压桩、沉管灌注桩、扩底桩和多支盘灌注桩的多种优点集于一体的新型桩基技术。压扩支盘桩具有承载力高、沉降小、经济性好的优点。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对竖向受压时的二支盘压扩支盘桩进行数值模拟,得出了竖向荷载下侧摩阻力和桩端阻力的变化规律。桩的多个支盘构成了多支点摩擦端承桩,竖向荷载主要由承力盘承受,上支盘受力大于下支盘受力。提出了压扩支盘桩的支盘竖向临界间距、布桩最小间距的建议值。