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21.
Fernanda R C Damasceno Denise M G Freire Magali C Cammarota 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(5):730-738
BACKGROUND: The application of lipase‐rich enzyme pools (such as the crude solid enzymatic preparation (SEP) obtained from Penicillium restrictum solid‐state fermentation of agro‐industrial wastes) to activated sludge systems may be an effective strategy for preventing various operational problems. The continuous addition of SEP to the treatment system can become cost‐prohibitive when in situ production and/or storage are factored in. The application of SEP to high‐fat wastewater treatment would only be justified as an emergency measure, such as a sudden increase in the fat content of the bioreactor influent. Therefore, the primary objective of this work was to investigate the efficiency of a crude SEP during fat shock loads, simulated through the periodic addition of dairy industry waste containing high fat concentrations to the feed stock of an activated sludge system, operated in continuous mode. RESULTS: The test bioreactor exhibited a higher average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency than the control bioreactor (83% for control and 90% for test) and the fat accumulation in the biological flocs of the test bioreactor was 3.2 times lower than that in the control bioreactor. Turbidity was also lower in the effluent of the test bioreactor (123 and 66 FTU in control and test, respectively) and it had a shorter recovery time between shock loads, especially when the interval between loads was shorter than one month (biweekly and weekly shock loads). CONCLUSION: The addition of SEP during fat overloads in the reactor feed maintained efficient COD removal in the test bioreactor for 270 days without any operational problems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
22.
C. N. Haas B. F. Severin D. Roy R. S. Engelbrecht A. Lalchandani S. Farooq 《Water research》1985,19(3):323-329
This paper summarizes studies on the presence of acid-fast and yeast organisms in wastewater and water treatment plants and in surface water. These organisms were found to satisfy three of Bonde's criteria for indicator organisms: presence whenever pathogens are likely to be present; resistance at least equal to that of pathogens; and lack of regrowth in the post-treatment environment. This, plus prior data, indicates that these organisms are at least as acceptable as indicators of disinfection efficiency than the coliform group. 相似文献
23.
混合型表面活性剂液膜法处理含酚废水研究 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:24
研究了兰-113B=Span-80--煤油NaOH液膜体系处理苯酚废水的最佳操作工用于对高浓度含酚废水进行处理,实验结果表明,混合型表面活性剂各项指标均较好,除酚效率可达99%以上,对内相NaOH的最佳浓度的确定给出了估算方法。 相似文献
24.
The qualitative and quantitative occurrence and fate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching into coal slurry transport water was examined in laboratory-generated coal slurries and wastewaters from the Black Mesa coal slurry pipeline. Laboratory slurries were formulated for both western coals (Wyodak, Montana Rosebud and Black Mesa) and eastern coals (Illinois No. 6 and Pittsburgh No. 8). Sephadex G-25 elution profiles and ultrafiltration studies indicate that the majority of the organic compounds in western coal slurry wastewaters were lower (less than 1000) molecular weight species (62% for Wyodak and 74% for Montana Rosebud). Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) for these particular wastewaters ranged from 50 to 150 mg l−1 as determined through the use of an electrolytic respirometer. Also, there was a concomitant 51–74% reduction in the DOC levels in the wastewaters. This removal was primarily due to the removal of the lower (< 1000) molecular weight compounds by the seed inoculum. There was no evidence for the presence of mutagenic organics in the raw wastewater. 相似文献
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一种有机硫类絮凝剂DTC的合成及性能评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了由有机伯胺或仲胺和CS2合成二硫代氨基甲酸盐DTC的反应及副反应,简介了合成工艺。根据红外光谱确认了由三乙烯四胺合成的二硫代氨基甲酸盐(以下简称DTC)的结构。以含原油350 mg/L、含悬浮固体55.1 mg/L,含Fe^2+10.0 mg/L的模拟污水为实验水样,考察了该DTC的絮凝性能,在40℃、pH=6-7、沉降时间30分钟条件下DTC的适宜加量为20 mg/L,此时污水含油量为9.0 mg/L;使用DTC的适宜pH范围在4-8,pH=6为最佳值,适宜温度范围为10-45℃,温度高于45℃时DTC可发生热分解;DTC的除油效果随污水中Fe^2+浓度增大而改善。在含油89.1 mg/L、含悬浮固体55.1 mg/L、含Fe^2+13.2 mg/L的油田污水中,DTC的除油率最高,远高于常用絮凝剂PFS,PAC,CPAM,HPAM和PAM。当污水中不含Fe^2+时,DTC无絮凝除油效果。讨论了DTC在Fe^2+参与下的絮凝过程。图5表1参8。 相似文献
27.
活性污泥数学模型入流组分测定及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了活性污泥1号模型人流组分的分析方法,并用这些方法测定了西安市城市污水水质。实验结果表明测定方法操作简单、准确可靠,能为利用模型进行污水处理厂的设计、模拟及管理提供入流组分分析依据, 相似文献
28.
石油炼厂作为用水大户,在水资源逐渐短缺、环境污染日益严重的情况下,实施废水最小化改造具有重要的现实意义。笔者以石油炼厂整个水分配系统年度费用最小为目标函数,提出采用回用、再生回用和再生循环3种措施减少新鲜水用量和废水排放量。利用超结构建模求解所得优化的水分配系统不但要满足各用水过程的需求,而且使排放的废水达标。给出的实例证明,所提出的方法更全面地考虑了废水最小化的机会,且所得结果可行、有效。 相似文献
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