灾害中生活类物资的供应分析——以汶川地震重灾区物资供应为例

救灾生活类物资在供应中面临着优化运输路线、降低运输成本、缩短运输时间3个难题。文章采用相关机会多目标规划模型,以汶川地震为例,总结并完善了自然灾害救助中的多物资的协作供应模式,为突发性重大灾害中多物资的协作供应的组织、实施、管理提供参考支持。     

PVC建材表面缺陷检测系统研究与设计

为满足PVC建材表面缺陷在线系统高速、高分辨率的检测要求,提出PVC建材表面缺陷检测的系统设计方案。为保证检测系统的实时性,硬件上采用面阵CCD摄像机与LED面光源相结合的图像采集装置,软件上采用实时处理和准实时处理相结合的图像处理方法。针对缺陷图像高噪声、直方图单峰明显的特征,提出边缘检测分割技术与数学形态处理相结合的算法流程。通过分析图像缺陷的统计特性,提取PVC建材表面缺陷区域的特征参数,利用基于决策树的分类器将缺陷分为气泡、色痕、裂痕等。实验结果验证算法的有效性和实时性,其缺陷的检出率达到95%以上,识别率达90%以上。     

重钢新区铁区MES系统研究与实施

针对重钢集团环保搬迁铁区生产单元信息化建设具体要求,开发并实施铁区MES系统,同时简要介绍系统功能及应用效果。     

中职计算机应用能力训练校本课程开发研究

本课题研究的主要目的是要开发出适合当前中职学校“计算机应用能力训练”的校本教材。以“必需、够用”为原则,以“夯实基础”为出发点和主要依据,采取边研究、边实施,边开发、边实践的方法,使研究与实践有机地融为一体,从而寻找一条实施计算机应用基础校本教学的有效途径。     

大道“有形”——以历史唯物主义的社会发展观来审视“手艺”在当下的核心价值

本文选取"手艺"的物质性和"非物质性"为论述对象,以历史唯物主义社会发展观为思辨基础,通过审视手艺的双重属性,将其放置在社会历史发展的宏大背景中,从文化的维度审视手艺的精神。     

有机物料及其配施在潮土中的残留特点

试验采用尼龙布袋埋袋法研究了5种单一物料(玉米秸、稻秸、苜蓿、鸡粪、猪粪)和2种混合物料(玉米秸-猪粪-鸡粪、苜蓿-猪粪-鸡粪)在潮土中的腐解状况,以了解土壤中有机质的积累规律,探讨有机肥料对土壤的培肥效果。研究结果表明,玉米秸、稻秸、苜蓿、鸡粪、猪粪等是增加土壤有机质的较好物料;对C/N比较高的物料,当增加N素(添加猪粪、鸡粪这些氮含量较高的物料)、调节C/N比值时,可以促进混合物料有机碳的分解和向腐殖质的转化。     

Thermally Responsive Fibers for Versatile Thermoactivated Protective Fabrics

Smart textiles with good mechanical adaptability play an important role in personal protection, health monitoring, and aerospace applications. However, most of the reported thermally responsive polymers has long response time and poor processability, comfort, and wearability. Skin-core structures of thermally responsive fibers with multiple commercial fiber cores and temperature-responsive hydrogel skins are designed and fabricated, which exhibit rapid mechanical adaptability, good thermohardening, and thermal insulation. This universal method enables tight bonding between various commercial fiber cores and hydrogel skins via specific covalently anchored networks. At room temperature, prepared fibers show softness, flexibility, and skin compatibility similar to those of ordinary fibers. As temperature rises, smart fibers become hard, rigid, and self-supporting. The modulus of hydrogel skin increases from 304% to 30883%, showing good mechanoadaptability and impact resistance owing to the synergy between hydrophobic interactions and ionic bonding. Moreover, this synergistic effect leads to an increase in heat absorption, and fibers exhibit good thermal insulation, which reduces the contact temperature of the body surface by ≈25 °C under the external temperature of 95 °C, effectively preventing thermal burns. Notably, the active mechanoadaptability of these smart fibers using conductive fibers as cores is demonstrated. This study provides feasibility for fabricating environmentally adaptive intelligent textiles.     

Atomic Insights into Phase Evolution in Ternary Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides Nanostructures

Phase engineering through chemical modification can significantly alter the properties of transition‐metal dichalcogenides, and allow the design of many novel electronic, photonic, and optoelectronics devices. The atomic‐scale mechanism underlying such phase engineering is still intensively investigated but elusive. Here, advanced electron microscopy, combined with density functional theory calculations, is used to understand the phase evolution (hexagonal 2H→monoclinic T′→orthorhombic T_d) in chemical vapor deposition grown Mo_{1− x} W _x Te₂ nanostructures. Atomic‐resolution imaging and electron diffraction indicate that Mo_{1− x} W _x Te₂ nanostructures have two phases: the pure monoclinic phase in low W‐concentrated (0 < x ≤ 10 at.%) samples, and the dual phase of the monoclinic and orthorhombic in high W‐concentrated (10 < x < 90 at.%) samples. Such phase coexistence exists with coherent interfaces, mediated by a newly uncovered orthorhombic phase T_d′. T_d′, preserves the centrosymmetry of T′ and provides the possible phase transition path for T′→T_d with low energy state. This work enriches the atomic‐scale understanding of phase evolution and coexistence in multinary compounds, and paves the way for device applications of new transition‐metal dichalcogenides phases and heterostructures.