糙米芽酿造酒的研制

研究了糙米发芽和糙米芽低醇饮料酒的酿造工艺.对加水比、接种量、发酵温度以及发酵周期进行了系统研究,确定糙米芽酿造酒最佳生产条件为:料水比为1:3,干酵母接种量为0.1%;温度32℃,发酵时间4 d.     

平阴玫瑰花芽分化期叶片矿质元素含量动态变化

分析了平阴玫瑰叶片中P，K，Ca，Mg，Fe，Cu，Zn，Mn，B共9种矿质营养元素在花芽分化的7个生长时期含量动态变化及其相关性。结果表明，在平阴玫瑰花芽分化期间P，K，Zn，Cu大体上呈下降趋势；Ca除现蕾前含量陡然下降外，随叶片成熟含量呈现上升趋势；Mg，Fe，Mn，B含量波动频繁且变化各异。P与K，Zn，Cu均达到极显著正相关；K与Fe，Zn，Cu也达到极显著正相关；Fe与Mn，Zn与Cu之间均达到极显著正相关。平阴玫瑰叶片中9种矿质营养元素含量按高低排序为：Ca〉K〉P〉Mg〉Fe〉Mn〉B〉Zn〉Cu。     

Response of male eye-spotted bud moth,Spilonota ocellana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to different pheromone blends in north America and The Netherlands

Response of male eye-spotted bud moth,Spilonota ocellana (Denis and Schiffermüller), to different ratios of synthetic sex pheromone components, (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate (Z8-14:OAc) and (Z)-8-tetradecenyl alcohol (Z8-14:OH), were compared in four North American locations and in one location in The Netherlands. In British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Michigan, and The Netherlands, a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH captured significantly more maleS. ocellana thanZ8-14:OAc alone or binary blends containing 10–50%Z8-14:OH. In Ontario, where population sizes were low compared to the other four locations, trends in trap catches were similar, and there was no indication that maleS. ocellana responded differently to the tested pheromone blends. A 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH should be most effective in pheromone-based control programs ofS. ocellana in North America and in The Netherlands. Our results confirm earlier studies that a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH captures significantly more maleS. ocellana thanZ8-14:OAc alone. However, our finding that a 99:1 blend ofZ8-14:OAc andZ8-14:OH is significantly more attractive than binary blends containing 10–50%Z8-14:OH differs from previous findings in Germany and Switzerland.Agriculture Canada Summerland Research Station Contribution No. 821.     

隰县"花瓣梨"果实品质和果面条纹的保持研究

隰县“花瓣梨”的果实表面具有明显的黄、绿相间纵向条纹.果实采摘后,品质会有所下降,果面条纹在10d左右消失,不再具有观赏性和较高的商品价值.本文采用低温、保鲜膜综合技术,较好地保持了果实品质,经过两个月的贮藏,果面条纹仍然能够保持,使这一性状具有实用观赏性和较高的商品价值.     

种植密度对甘蔗单芽生长发育及产量的影响

为不断完善甘蔗单芽种植技术,加快推进甘蔗良种产业化进程,有效降低生产成本,促进甘蔗产业可持续发展,本研究以桂糖49号为试验材料,研究不同种植密度对甘蔗单芽生产的影响。结果表明:随着种植密度增加,各农艺性状指标均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,T3处理(5芽/m)种植密度表现最佳,其出苗率、分蘖率和有效茎数与其他处理均达到极显著(P<0.01)差异;不同种植密度对甘蔗可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量未达到显著性影响;甘蔗抗倒能力强弱表现为T4>T3>T2>T5>T1>T6;不同种植密度下甘蔗品质无明显变化规律,但产量和产糖量表现出显著性差异,其中T3处理(5芽/m)可获得最佳产量(83.85 t/hm2)和产糖量(13.44 t/hm2)。综合分析得出:桂糖49号甘蔗单芽适宜种植密度为5~6芽/m。该结果可为甘蔗单芽种植技术的推广提供参考依据。     

杨树芽提取物化学成分和药理作用的研究进展

杨树芽提取物含有黄酮类、萜烯类、酚酸类及其酯类等有效成分。现代药理研究表明,杨树芽提取物具有显著的抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗溃疡等作用。本文主要对近年来杨树芽提取物的化学成分及其药理作用研究进展作一综述。     

魔芋飞粉蛋白酶解物对酿酒酵母生长的影响

以魔芋飞粉蛋白酶解物为研究对象,利用静态激光光散射测定其分子量后,考察了其对酿酒酵母菌落大小、出芽率、菌体数量及代谢产物影响.实验结果表明添加6218u蛋白酶解物对酿酒酵母生长有明显的促进作用,培养液中还原糖转化率得以提高,乙醇含量明显增大.     

Development of Natural Insect‐Repellent Loaded Halloysite Nanotubes and their Application to Food Packaging to Prevent Plodia interpunctella Infestation

The aims of this study were to develop insect‐proof halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and apply the HNTs to a low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) film that will prevent Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), commonly known as Indian mealmoth, from infesting the food. Clove bud oil (CO), an insect repellent, was encapsulated into HNTs with polyethylenimine (PEI) to bring about controlled release of CO. Chemical composition and insecticidal effect of CO were examined. The Fourier transform infrared ( FTIR) spectrum of encapsulated CO was confirmed. The surface charges of uncoated HNTs (HNTs/CO) and coated HNTs with PEI by the layer‐by‐layer (LBL) method (HNTs/CO/LBL) were determined to be –37.23 and 36.33 mV, respectively. HNTs/CO/LBL showed slow, controlled release of CO compared to HNTs/CO. After 30 d, the residual amounts of CO in HNTs/CO and HNTs/CO/LBL were estimated to be 13.43 and 28.66 mg/g, respectively. HNTs/CO/LBL showed the most sustainable repellent effect. HNTs applied to gravure printing ink solution did not affect mechanical, optical, or thermal properties of the developed film. Gravure‐printed LDPE film containing HNTs/CO/LBL displayed the greatest preventive effect on insect penetration, indicating its potential for use as insect‐resistant food packaging materials.     

气象因素对甘蔗花芽分化及抽穗率的影响

对五指山市甘蔗开花辅助点6个甘蔗品种连续4年的花芽分化期物候资料及同期温度和湿度等气象资料进行了对比分析,结果发现:不同年份甘蔗花芽分化时期及抽穗率差异达显著或极显著水平,其差异与植株发育期间当地气候条件有关。花芽分化前40天内,气温较低和湿度较高的年份有利于甘蔗花芽的分化;当甘蔗进入孕穗期,平均气温及平均湿度偏高的年份有利于花穗的抽出,可显著提高抽穗率;反之,孕穗期间温度偏低的年份易导致花芽分化迟缓滞后,导致孕穗失败。统计结果还表明,未分化前适度低温有利于甘蔗花芽分化。