Unintentionally Biasing the Data: Reply to Knobe.

Knobe (2003) wants to help adjudicate the philosophical debate concerning whether and under what conditions we normally judge that some side effect was brought about intentionally. His proposal for doing so is perhaps an obvious one--simply elicit the intuitions of "The Folk" directly on the matter and record the results. Knobe concludes that people's judgment that a side effect was brought about intentionally apparently rests, at least in part, upon how blameworthy they find the agent responsible for it. Knobe's appreciably straightforward approach to this question does not settle the matter, however. Simply raising that question can itself affect our evaluation of the side effect in question as either something good or something bad. As a result, Knobe's experiments effectively bias subjects' responses toward judging the given side effects more negatively than they might have otherwise. Subjects failed to assign a high level of praise for good side effects because taking into account whether they were brought about intentionally or unintentionally makes them suspect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

新型建筑材料在基础工程中的应用

重点介绍了在地基基础和基坑围护方面7种新型建材的特性和应用现状,并预测了新型建材在基础工程中的发展趋势。     

换填法建筑地基处理的工程实录

结合某工程的地基处理，对换填法的应用作了较详细的阐述。     

Color Grouping in Space and Time: Evidence From Negative Color-Based Carryover Effects in Preview Search.

Five experiments addressed the role of color grouping in preview search (D. G. Watson & G. W. Humphreys, 1997). Experiment 1 used opposite color ratios of distractors in preview and second search displays, creating equal numbers of distractors in each color group in the final display. There was selective slowing for new targets carrying the majority color of the old items. This effect held when there was no bias in the preview and only the second search set had an uneven color ratio (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, participants had foreknowledge of the target color, and effects were shown over and above those due to color biases. Experiment 4 demonstrated negative color carryover even when previews changed color. Experiment 5 showed reduced color carryover effects when previews were presented more briefly. Collectively, the results provide evidence for inhibitory carryover effects in preview search based on feature grouping. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Biases in Social Comparative Judgments: The Role of Nonmotivated Factors in Above-Average and Comparative-Optimism Effects.

Biases in social comparative judgments, such as those illustrated by above-average and comparative-optimism effects, are often regarded as products of motivated reasoning (e.g., self-enhancement). These effects, however, can also be produced by information-processing limitations or aspects of judgment processes that are not necessarily biased by motivational factors. In this article, the authors briefly review motivational accounts of biased comparative judgments, introduce a 3-stage model for understanding how people make comparative judgments, and then describe how various nonmotivational factors can influence the 3 stages of the comparative judgment process. Finally, the authors discuss several unresolved issues highlighted by their analysis, such as the interrelation between motivated and nonmotivated sources of bias and the influence of nonmotivated sources of bias on behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Drug Onset Cues, Conditioned Withdrawal, and Drug Relapse: Comment on McDonald and Siegel (2004).

Previous research has shown that under certain conditions environmental cues associated with morphine administration induce drug-opposite conditioned effects that mimic symptoms of opiate withdrawal. R. V. McDonald and S. Siegel (see record 2004-10475-001) extend these observations by demonstrating that acute exposure to a low dose of morphine induces symptoms of opiate withdrawal in rats previously exposed to a high dose of morphine. They hypothesized that early drug onset cues, repeatedly paired with later, larger drug effects, mediate the paradoxical effect of the low drug dose on behavior. They also hypothesized that conditioned withdrawal symptoms induced by the early drug onset cues may mediate the "priming" effect of drugs on relapse and craving. The authors of this comment discuss the degree to which the literature supports this hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

建设工程质量保证体系存在的问题及对策

结合建筑业市场管理体制的改革及其发展态势，就建筑工程质量保证体系存在的问题作了阐述，从加强勘察设计资格的管理，完善监理法规等方面，提出了健全和完善质保体系的措施。     

利用Excel表格进行供暖系统计算

利用Excel表格进行供暖工程设计计算，可以减少工作量，提高工作效率。介绍了房间热负荷和供暖管道水力计算方法。     

住宅建筑结构中隔震技术的应用和经济评价

对当前隔震系统做了简单介绍 ,介绍了基础隔震的技术和施工方法等。讨论在住宅结构中推广隔震技术的方法 ,对各种类型的住宅结构做经济评价 ,讨论推广的可能性和难点。     

论高层建筑中央空调水系统水压试验的步骤

通过对中央空调水系统安装的特点分析,确定了应用效果良好的试压步骤。