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161.
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行波热声驱动器的性能分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在简单介绍行波热声驱动器的研究历史、工作机理及其与驻波型热声驱动器的区别之后,着重对环路部分的性能进行了预测分析,并给出一些有益的结论。 相似文献
164.
底部两层框架-抗震墙砖房抗震能力的分析方法与设计控制 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
提出了底部两层框架 -抗震墙砖房框剪层和砖混层的极限受剪承载力、侧移刚度、极限剪力系数计算公式 ,并基于设置不同数量抗震墙的底部两层框架 -抗震墙砖房的实例计算和弹塑性时程分析 ,给出了结构砖混过渡层与相邻框剪层的极限剪力系数比和侧移刚度比的合理取值及薄弱楼层位置判别和破坏状态评定的方法和原则。 相似文献
165.
利用系统分析方法进行单井措施优选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
油井措施增油一直是油田控制产量递减、含水上升的主要做法,但是随着油田开采程度加深,地下油水分布十分复杂,选择油水井措施难度越来越大。为此,运用系统分析方法进行单井措施优选,通过对区块水驱油、水驱水、井间干扰以及油井的液、油、含水率间关系,综合判断出区块内滞留区、死油区和动用好的区域,指出今后挖潜方向。此方法均应用动态数据,客观性较强、准确性较高,克服了以往选择单井措施的盲目性和主观性。并将该方法在大庆油田杏八、九区基础井网提液试验过程中得到应用,效果较好。 相似文献
166.
Jrgen Sjdin 《国际能源研究杂志》2002,26(6):475-494
Energy taxation in Sweden is complicated and strongly guides and governs district energy production. Consequently, there is a need for methods for accurate calculation and analysis of effects that different energy tax schemes may have on district energy utilities. Here, a practicable method to analyse influence of such governmental policy measures is demonstrated. The Swedish Government has for some years now been working on a reform of energy taxation, and during this process, several interest groups have expressed their own proposals for improving and developing the system of energy taxation. Together with the present system of taxation, four new alternatives, including the proposed directive of the European Commission, are outlined in the paper. In a case study, an analysis is made of how the different tax alternatives may influence the choice of profitable investments and use of energy carriers in a medium‐sized district‐heating utility. The calculations are made with a linear‐programming model framework. By calculating suitable types and sizes of new investments, if any, and the operation of existing and potential plants, total energy costs are minimized. Results of the analysis include the most profitable investments, which fuel should be used, roughly when during a year plants should be in operation, and at what output. In most scenarios, the most profitable measure is to invest in a waste incineration plant. However, a crucial assumption is, with reference to the new Swedish waste disposal act, a significant income from incinerating refuse. Without this income, different tax schemes result in different technical solutions being most profitable. An investment in cogeneration seems possible in only one scenario. It is also found that particular features of some alternatives seem to oppose both main governmental policy goals, and intentions of the district heating company. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
167.
Alessandro Fantoni Manuela Viera Rodrigo Martins 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2002,73(2):148
In this paper a set of one-dimensional simulations of a-Si:H p–i–n junctions under different illumination conditions and with different intrinsic layer are presented. The simulation program ASCA permits the analysis of the internal electrical behaviour of the cell allowing a comparison among the different internal configurations determined by a change in the input set. Results about the internal electric configuration will be presented and discussed outlining their influence on the current tension characteristic curve. Considerations about the drift–diffusion and the generation–recombination balance distributions, outlined by the simulation, can be used to explain the correlation between the basic device output, the i-layer characteristics (thickness and DOS), the incident radiation intensity and photon energy. 相似文献
168.
169.
分别对高新技术企业与一般工业企业、大型企业与中小型企业进行了对比分析,发现高新技术企业比一般工业企业更有吸收能力,而技术转移对中小企业的影响比大型企业大。对参与技术转移及未参与技术转移的制造业企业进行了比较研究,结果证明有技术转移行为的企业具有更优的创新绩效。 相似文献
170.
Michael E. Becker 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2006,14(11):1003-1017
Abstract— In this paper, methods and instruments for measurement and evaluation of reflection characteristics are reviewed as needed for research and development of electronic displays and for material and surface modeling with ray‐tracing and rendering software packages. Contrast under ambient illumination and recognizability under daylight illumination are prime development targets in the electronic‐display field, while computation and synthesis of realistic scenes and objects are pushing the need for physical data in computer graphics applications. Three categories of instruments are available for detailed reflection analysis. They are based on (1) gonioscopic (mechanical) and conoscopic (optical) directional scanning, (2) imaging approaches, and (3) on arrangements with variable source or receiver aperture. The capabilities, advantages, and limitations of these methods are introduced and discussed in order to facilitate appropriate selection of methods and instruments. For illustration purposes we present typical results obtained from commercial electronic display screens. A basis for continued widespread implementation and standardization of reflection metrology as required for objective rating and comparison of electronic‐display screen performance under ambient illumination is provided. 相似文献