汽车车身冲压件热成形工艺

对车身热冲压成形的工艺进行了详尽的介绍,并对这种新工艺的优势、缺陷等进行了分析。     

Combined empty and loaded train scheduling for dedicated freight railway corridors

The efficient utilization of expensive rolling-stock has become imperative for all railroads. In this paper, we study the combined empty and loaded train-scheduling problem for the upcoming dedicated freight corridors in India. Existing optimization models either do not consider the simultaneous optimization of the loaded and empty flows or are not solvable for large railroads. Our model is the first of its kind to incorporate link capacity constraints in an IP formulation for this operational level problem. A simulated annealing algorithm hybridized with a constructive heuristic is proposed as the solution method. The computational experiments show that the proposed heuristic performs well both in terms of runtime and solution quality.     

Participation in workplace design with reference to low back pain: a case for the improvement of the police patrol car

Thirty Canadian police officers, divided into six groups, participated in the redesign of the interior of the patrol car. Three of the groups consisted of individuals having a history of low back disease. The effect of participating in a design process on the characteristics of the final design and on the perception of the low back pain was studied in a semi-experimental setting. The participants developed a strong commitment to the participatory design process, which was reflected in their productions. The differences between participants with and without a history of a low back disease was not marked. The former tended to stress posture-related elements in their analysis and design.     

Data-driven approaches for emissions-minimized paths in urban areas

Concerns about air quality and global warming have led to numerous initiatives to reduce emissions. In general, emissions are proportional to the amount of fuel consumed, and the amount of fuel consumed is a function of speed, distance, acceleration, and weight of the vehicle. In urban areas, vehicles must often travel at the speed of traffic, and congestion can impact this speed particularly at certain times of day. Further, for any given time of day, the observations of speeds on an arc can exhibit significant variability. Because of the nonlinearity of emissions curves, optimizing emissions in an urban area requires explicit consideration of the variability in the speed of traffic on arcs in the network. We introduce a shortest path algorithm that incorporates sampling to both account for variability in travel speeds and to estimate arrival time distributions at nodes on a path. We also suggest a method for transforming speed data into time-dependent emissions values thus converting the problem into a time-dependent, but deterministic shortest path problem. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches in reducing emissions relative to the use of minimum distance and time-dependent paths. In this paper, we also identify some of the challenges associated with using large data sets.     

基于云管端一体化的车联网解决方案创新与实践

为满足客户日新月异的技术及运营需求,对车联网服务能力进行完善,发掘4G在新一代车联网应用中牵引作用,面向前装市场推出以云管端一体化为核心的和车连产品,引导车联网行业新变革.     

基于有限元方法的绝缘斗臂车上带电作业人员体表电场影响因素分析

为了减轻作业强度,增大绝缘防护力度,采用绝缘斗臂车为作业平台的带电作业方式越来越普遍。以500 kV输电线路为例,采用有限元方法分析了不同作业位置和不同作业姿势下人体表面电场分布规律。通过现场试验验证了仿真计算的正确性和有效性,为评估绝缘斗臂车上带电作业人员的安全影响因素提供了理论依据。     

Where to for Brazil's Cities? Citizen Empowerment or Global Marketing?

An awakening interest in public space in Brazilian cities is emphasising the value of existing civic areas. Guilherme Wisnik , a critic, curator and professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, looks at the history and potential future of Brazil's urban spaces. He highlights how despite the introduction of innovative Modernist design in the mid-20th century, which forged ‘a new relationship between architecture, urbanism and landscape design’, more recently the country's cities have been subject to the vicissitudes of market and political forces.     

轮胎的正确使用与安全行车

轮胎是汽车行驶中最重要的组成部分之一,它的材质以及纹面布置等,在一定程度上影响着汽车的抓地力、摩擦力、抗震性以及安全性等。给不同性能的汽车选择合适的轮胎,能够在很大程度上提高汽车的行车质量,增加其安全性能。笔者根据自身对汽车轮胎的研究与认识,就如何正确的使用汽车轮胎,保证汽车行车安全,作出以下的论述。     

从对比中看中国大城市防灾避难场所规划的重点

随着城市和社会的不断发展,大城市成为了人口和建筑高度集中的地段,也成为了防灾避难场所规划重点地区。本文从日本,美国,中国三国防灾发展历程研究人手,思考如何构筑我国大城市防灾避难规划体系,提高城市防灾减灾能力。