光纤0_2/CO_2复合传感器的研制

本文报导一种新型的光纤氧、二氧化碳复合传感器.通过在同一敏感膜载体上固定两种不同的荧光试剂——芘丁酸及羟基芘三磺酸,制作了一种对氧和二氧化碳敏感的复合敏感膜.该传感器在医学临床检验范围内具有良好的线性,其测氧的分辩率是0.1％,测二氧化碳的分辩率是0.5％,响应时间短于1min.文中还讨论了三种敏感膜载体的比较及复合传感器测量进程中氧和二氧化碳的相互干扰问题.     

CF/ABS树脂复合材料制备工艺对导电性能的影响及对屏蔽性能的理论预测

本文研究了使用溶剂法、密炼机和开炼机混炼碳纤维填充ABS树脂复合材料的导电性能,得到了纤维填充量与复合材料电阻率的关系,对其导电机理进行了分析.通过比较,发现纤维长径比是决定复合材料导电性能的重要因素,其它如纤维在基体中的分布也对复合材料导电性能有影响.最后对复合材料的屏蔽性能进行了理论计算.     

Nitric oxide reduction and carbon monoxide oxidation over carbon-supported copper-chromium catalysts

Carbon supported copper-chromium catalysts are shown to be very active for both the reduction of nitric oxide with carbon monoxide and the oxidation of carbon monoxide with oxygen. Mixed copper-chromium oxide active phases have good activity in the simultaneous removal of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide from exhaust gases. The influence of several catalyst variables has been investigated. The activity per volume of catalyst increases with increasing loading, while the intrinsic activity shows a maximum around C/M=100−50. An optimum catalyst for nitric oxide reduction and carbon monoxide oxidation has a copper/chromium ratio of 2/1. The apparent activation energy for the carbon monoxide oxidation over carbon supported copper-chromium catalysts is 77 kJ/mol, suggesting that the Cu---O bond rupture is the rate-limiting process. The reduction of nitric oxide takes place at higher temperatures. Since all catalysts have a low selectivity for molecular nitrogen formation at lower temperatures, the dissociation of nitric oxide is probably rate determining, resulting in a slightly reduced catalyst system. In an excess of carbon monoxide the reaction is first-order in nitric oxide and zero-order in carbon monoxide. Moisture inhibits the reaction by reversible competitive adsorption, whereas carbon dioxide does not. Oxygen completely inhibits the reduction of nitric oxide due to the more rapid reoxidation of the catalytic sites compared to nitric oxide. Therefore, the reduction of nitric oxide takes place only when all oxygen has been converted and, hence, is shifted to higher temperatures. As a possible consequence, the production of nitrous oxide is reduced. Nitric oxide and molecular oxygen react preferentially with carbon monoxide, so, in an excess of oxidizing component, gasification of the carbon support occurs at higher temperatures after carbon monoxide has been completely consumed.     

二氧化碳增油技术在孤岛油田的应用

介绍了二氧化碳增油机理和二氧化碳增油技术在孤岛油田的应用情况。现场应用表明 ,二氧化碳非混相驱油是封闭小断块油田的有效增产措施 ,二氧化碳酸化 (压裂 )助排能起到缩短排液时间 ,保护油气层的作用     

碳纤维增强水泥/混凝土材料力学性能的若干研究

本文通过对水泥基体掺入碳纤维进行研究，得出了复合体抗压强度、劈拉强度与碳纤维掺量的关系。同时文中还利用聚丙烯腈纤维作对比研究，得出目前碳纤维作为增强体的优缺点，为碳纤维增强水泥基复合材料的推广应用提供更多的实验依据。     

无掩模激光干涉光刻技术研究

介绍了一种不用掩模的光刻技术———激光干涉光刻技术的基本原理,给出了干涉光刻技术的主要特点及一些可能的应用,并对实验系统和初步实验结果进行了分析。研究表明,激光干涉光刻具有大视场和分辨率高和视场宽等优点。     

吐丝圈径对大规格高碳盘条组织性能的影响

计算与分析了斯太尔摩冷线上盘条的吐丝圈径、搭接密度及"佳灵"装置横向布风曲线之间的关系,研究了吐丝圈径的大小对大规格82B盘条组织和性能的影响,确定了大规格82B盘条最小吐丝圈径应为980mm.     

NO emission characteristics in counterflow diffusion flame of blended fuel of H2/CO2/Ar

Flame structure and NO emission characteristics in counterflow diffusion flame of blended fuel of H₂/CO₂/Ar have been numerically simulated with detailed chemistry. The combination of H₂, CO₂ and Ar as fuel is selected to clearly display the contribution of hydrocarbon products to flame structure and NO emission characteristics due to the breakdown of CO₂. A radiative heat loss term is involved to correctly describe the flame dynamics especially at low strain rates. The detailed chemistry adopts the reaction mechanism of GRI 2.11, which consists of 49 species and 279 elementary reactions. All mechanisms including thermal, NO₂, N₂O and Fenimore are taken into account to separately evaluate the effects of CO₂ addition on NO emission characteristics. The increase of added CO₂ quantity causes flame temperature to fall since at high strain rates a diluent effect is prevailing and at low strain rates the breakdown of CO₂ produces relatively populous hydrocarbon products and thus the existence of hydrocarbon products inhibits chain branching. It is also found that the contribution of NO production by N₂O and NO₂ mechanisms are negligible and that thermal mechanism is concentrated on only the reaction zone. As strain rate and CO₂ quantity increase, NO production is remarkably augmented. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Growth Stresses in the Oxide Scales on TiAl Alloys at 800 and 900°C

In the oxidation of TiAl alloys, the role of scale-growth stresses formed during oxidation has, thus far, been unknown. In the present paper the oxide-growth stresses were investigated by the deflection-test method in monofacial oxidation (DTMO) accompanied by acoustic-emission measurements. On unmodified surfaces the growth stresses are compressive and reach levels of around –100 MPa. At the same time, significant acoustic emission occurs indicating that even under isothermal conditions, stresses are relieved by a scale-cracking mechanism. For oxide scales on TiAl surfaces, which had been ion implanted with chlorine before oxidation, a very thin protective alumina layer is formed which, however, develops growth stresses in the range of several GPa, accompanied by intensive acoustic emission. In all stress–time curves, a dynamic situation is observed. This consists of phases of stress relief by scale microcracking and phases of stresses increase due to crack healing and further oxide growth. As a result, the level of stress as a function of oxidation time, is characterized by an oscillating course.     

Acoustic emission method for research and control of friction pairs

One of the new physical methods that provides much information about the processes going on in a friction contact zone in real time is acoustic emission (AE). Basic experimental results of AE in friction are presented and analysed. Using AE signals we can get an indication about the state of the friction processes, about the quality of solid and liquid layers on the contacting surfaces in real time, sometimes about intensity of wear, changing of wear and friction regimes and so on. The influence of sliding velocity, load, roughness and some physical and mechanical properties of the body on the parameters of AE are also given. Some attention to the practical implementation of these techniques for control of capability for work of friction pairs in real conditions are given. Modern methods and devices enable condition monitoring of sliding and rolling bearings.