Depollution of atmospheric emissions of wood pyrolysis furnaces

The wood carbonization in Tunisia consists essentially of traditional activity using charcoaling stacks and pits characterized by high atmospheric pollution and poor energy conversion. Indeed, 70% of the initial mass of anhydrous wood are found in the vapor as aerosols, polluting and toxic gases and complex condensable organic compounds that can cause a substantial pollution of air, ground and water. Several processes of treatment and energy valorization of such effluents were proposed, but the incineration remains at present the most promising technique of depollution. The results show that the incineration, at about 1000°C, of wood carbonization smokes allows the destruction of 99% of the mass of pollutants except CO₂ and the reduction of polluting gas emission. The possible valorization of the smoke’s energy in the exit of the incinerator enhances the thermal efficiency of the process.     

预防混凝土早期开裂及过早碳化的技术措施

本文参考国内外资料,阐述了现阶段混凝土开裂及过早碳化的原因、危害和一般防治方法。     

降低攀钢高炉渣碳化电耗的途径

分析了攀钢高炉渣还原碳化的理论电耗构成，并与实际情况进行了对比，找到了造成电耗高的原因，指出“合理利用”从高炉排出的熔融高炉渣的显热、改善冶炼动力学条件、提高电炉的热效率是降低电耗的3个主要途径，同时还应从理论上深入研究电炉冶炼条件下的相关机理和理论，才能解决经济可行性问题。并对电耗可降低的限度进行了预测。     

Use of Sorbents of Hot-Contact Coal Carbonization in the Power Industry

The many years of experience in the use of sorbents of hot-contact coal carbonization in the power industry is used for substantiation of their prospects for solving problems of power and materials saving and improving the reliability and safety of operation of power equipment. Results of tests of sorbents in systems of water conditioning of thermal power plants, cleaning of return condensates, mazut- and oil-contaminated process wastewaters, makeup water in heat networks, and biosorption cleaning of sewerage are presented. The sorption methods of cleaning are shown to have many advantages, to save expensive ion-exchange resins and reagents, to decrease the cost of desalinated water, and to prolong the service of power equipment. Comparative data are presented for basic commercial kinds of activated carbon and HCCC sorbents (ABD). The technical characteristics of sorbents of hot-contact coal carbonization are shown to be at the level of commercial sorbents or be higher at a much lower cost (by a factor of 2.5 – 3). It is shown that the creation of several HCCC installations with an output of 25 – 30 thousand tons of sorbents a year at coal-fired power plants will solve many water-cleaning problems of the EÉS Rossii Co. (The United Power Systems of Russia) and make it a monopolistic producer of activated carbon in the Russian market.     

Fabrication of Hollow Microporous Carbon Spheres from Hyper‐Crosslinked Microporous Polymers

Porous carbon materials prepared from the porous organic polymers are currently the subject of extensive investigation. On the basis of their interesting applications, it is highly desirable to develop new synthetic methodologies to obtain carbon materials with controllable pore size and morphology. Herein, a facile synthesis of hollow microporous carbon spheres (HCSs) from hollow microporous organic capsules (HMOCs) with a good control over the pore morphology, hollow cavity, and the shell thickness is reported. The highly porous hollow carbon spheres are prepared by the pyrolysis of HMOCs‐based microporous polymers. The synthetic parameters, such as hypercrosslinking and pyrolysis conditions, are optimized to modify the porous structures and the properties. The morphology and porosity as well as energy storage applications of the microporous structures HCSs, derived through a combination of divinylbenzene‐crosslinking and micropore‐generating hypercrosslinking, are discussed. These findings provide a new benchmark for fabricating well‐defined HCSs with great promise for various applications.     

沐阳闸交通桥承载能力分析研究

摘要：沭阳闸交通桥经过50多年运行,由于自然和人为因素的长期作用,交通桥各部位混凝土结构都逐渐出现老化,因此,有必要对其承载能力进行分析研究,为更好地评价水闸的安全状态提供数据标准,为单位运行管理提供科学依据。针对沭新闸交通桥实际状况,在现场安全检测、现场试验、工程复核的基础上,对其承载能力分析表明,交通桥混凝土碳化较严重,钢筋保护层不足,对钢筋耐久性有较大影响,在实际运行工况下,交通桥承载能力不足,存在严重安全隐患。     

水利工程泵送混凝土裂缝的防治措施浅析

摘要：水利工程混凝土结构需要长期承受各种荷载的作用,不可避免会产生裂缝、破损等情况。而泵送混凝土结构中裂缝的存在和发展,破坏了水工建筑结构的整体性,导致水工建筑物内部钢筋锈蚀,从而降低结构物的耐久性,并影响其正常使用,严重时甚至会危害人民群众的生命财产安全。对泵送混凝土裂缝的成因及防治措施进行了探讨,提出了应采取的防治措施,将混凝土裂缝带来的影响减小到最低。     

关于ADSS光缆的电腐蚀及防护措施的探讨

介绍了ADSS光缆产生电腐蚀的现象并对其进行了具体分析，并给出防止ADSS产生电腐蚀的防护措施。     

磷酸活化褐煤制备活性炭影响因素研究

研究了用磷酸水溶液预浸渍处理云南先锋褐煤 ,在氮气保护下 40 0℃～ 60 0℃一步炭活化制备活性炭的影响因素 .研究结果表明 ,加温浸渍优于常温浸渍 ,并可提高制备的磷酸活性炭的碘吸附值 2 5 % ;磷酸活化褐煤反应中活化剂磷酸、添加剂硫酸主要影响活性炭的孔结构和吸附能力 ,而且磷酸浓度高活化效果好 ;炭活化温度、炭活化时间主要影响活性炭产品的收率 ,高温和长时间会导致更多的碳损失     

高温碳化张力对碳纤维性能影响

在碳纤维生产过程中张力贯穿于整个工艺过程,张力控制的划分可分为两个部分,一是预氧化张力控制;二是碳化张力控制。借助在线张力仪详细研究了特定工艺条件下的高温碳化张力对6K碳纤维拉伸强度、弹性模量和密度的影响。