添加剂对航空润滑油橡胶相容性的影响

采用满足MIL-PRF-23699F规范中航空发动机润滑油要求的季戊四醇酯为基础油，研究了3种抗氧剂和3种极压抗磨剂对航空润滑油橡胶相容性的影响。结果表明：磷酸酯极压抗磨剂使丁腈橡胶的体积变化率增大，其他添加剂对丁腈橡胶的体积变化率无显著影响；极压抗磨剂对氟橡胶的体积变化率几乎没有影响，而抗氧剂使氟橡胶的体积变化率有微弱的减小；胺类添加剂在酯类润滑油中对氟橡胶拉伸性能无显著影响；酸性磷酸胺极压抗磨剂使硅橡胶体积发生收缩，使氟硅橡胶的体积变化率减小；酸性磷酸胺极压抗磨剂与硅橡胶和氟硅橡胶可发生化学反应，使橡胶的拉伸性能大幅下降。     

苯甲醇制备苯甲酸的实验研究

制备了十六烷基三甲基磷钨杂多酸铵,并用其作为催化剂催化过氧化氢氧化苯甲醇制苯甲酸,分析了反应温度、反应时间、过氧化氢用量、催化剂用量对苯甲酸产率的影响。结果表明苯甲酸产率可达到86.3%．     

含柔性长链的二元胆甾相新型液晶的制备及其性能研究

以胆甾醇和长链二元酸为原料，合成了一种柔性长链的新型小分子二元胆甾相液晶，并对其相转变过程进行了深入分析。红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱和元素分析证实了其分子结构，差示扫描热分析（DSC）谱图和偏光显微镜（POM）观察图像等一致表明其相转变过程完全符合胆甾相液晶的特征。说明胆甾相液晶分子的刚性大小与胆甾相液晶的形成没有直接关系，胆甾相液晶基元是其形成有序排列的决定因素。     

A Boronate Ester Driven Rechargeable Antibacterial Membrane for Fast Molecular Sieving

Membrane decorated with biocides is an effective way to suppress biofilm growth. However, their immediate biocidal effect usually suffers from a significant decline due to the irreversible consumption of the biocides. Here, a smart nanofiltration membrane is reported with rechargeable antibacterial capability that is fabricated by a facile interfacial polymerization via 3-aminophenylboronic acid and trimesoyl chloride on a polysulfone substrate. Biocides bearing diol groups can be grafted onto the membrane surface under neutral/alkaline condition and then released from the surface under acidic environment, due to the pH-responsive feature of boronate ester complexes. The resultant membrane exhibits integrated properties of fast bacterial inactivating efficiency, rechargeable antibacterial capability, and impressive stability. In addition, the achieved membrane shows remarkable separation efficiency to dye/monovalent salt system. The successful fabrication of the membrane with rechargeable anti-bacterial property provides new insights into the development of pH-responsive and sustainable antibacterial membranes.     

一种高效极压抗磨复合添加剂

介绍了MT-10添加剂的极压抗磨性能,球柱型磨损试验、齿轮油擦伤试验和四球极压性能试验结果均表明,该添加剂在多元醇酯中的抗磨极压性能优于聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP)、磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)和多种复合添加剂.MT-10有较好的抗氧化性能和对铜无腐蚀.     

羧酸系列集油剂的水面集油性能

研究了十二烷酸、十四烷酸、十六烷酸和十八烷酸在淡水中的集油能力。结果表明，这4种羧酸在淡水表面的表面膜压随其分子中碳数的增加而增大。其中后两者的表面膜压高达45～50mN／m，显著高于各类油膜膜压，满足集油剂对表面活性物质膜压的要求。4种脂肪羧酸在淡水中使柴油油膜的收缩率在1min时达到最大值，分别为80．0％、81．8％、83．8％和88．2％。它们的己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、仲辛醇溶液的集油持续性，总体上随羧酸分子碳数增加而增大。其中十六烷酸和十八烷酸集油能力非常接近，它们的正庚醇、正辛醇和仲辛醇溶液使柴油膜面积收缩率在120h后仍保持在66．0％～70．2％。该类集油剂毒性低，易为生物降解，有实际应用前景。     

蓖麻油酸甲酯乙氧基化物的合成及物化性能

先用酯交换甲酯化法制备了蓖麻油酸甲酯,再与环氧乙烷(EO)反应合成了不同平均EO数的蓖麻油酸甲酯乙氧基化物(CA-MEE),分析了EO数分布,测定了物化性能。结果表明,EO对酯基的选择性高于对仲羟基的选择性;CA-MEE的浊点为37．7～66．2℃,γcmc为36．52～37．38 mN／m,cmc为(1．73～3．94)×10-5 mol／L,润湿力为183~457 s,对大豆油的乳化能力为17．2～25．9 min,而对石蜡的乳化能力稳定在7．8～9．8 min。与其他表面活性剂对比可知,平均EO数为10的CA-MEE的γcmc大于OMS-10,而cmc则低于OMS- 10;CA-MEE的润湿力比COMEE-8和OMS的弱,但乳化力却优于COMEE-8和OMS。     

NEPE推进剂无损型贮存寿命预估

为了实现对硝酸酯增塑聚醚(NEPE)推进剂药柱贮存寿命进行预估时的测量无损性,通过对施加10%定压缩应变的NEPE推进剂进行高温热加速老化实验、气体含量监测实验、单向拉伸力学性能实验,基于相关性分析和寿命预估模型,提出了一种以特征气体含量变化为基础数据的无损型寿命预估模型。结果表明,NEPE推进剂贮存老化过程中,CO气体释放量最大,不同温度条件下的释放量均达到1300 mg以上,且其和NO气体均呈现老化初期释放量增长缓慢,后期迅速增加的规律,HCl气体释放量在老化初期和后期增长较快,老化中期增长较慢;老化初期最大抗拉强度σm和最大延伸率εm小幅增大,老化中期前者小幅震荡,后者逐渐增大,老化后期两者均急剧减小;不同温度条件下CO气体释放量与最大抗拉强度关联度值最大,为0.93～0.95,且两者存在单一相关性;基于传统老化寿命预估模型和改进的老化寿命预估模型,建立了四种NEPE推进剂寿命预估方法,通过相关性系数比较和预估结果分析,得出以CO气体释放量作为预估参数的改进型寿命预估模型的相关性系数最大,寿命预估结果最为有效。     

Interaction of metal ions with carboxylic and carboxamide groups in protein structures

An analysis of the geometry of metal binding by carboxylic andcarboxamide groups in proteins is presented. Most of the ligandsare from aspartic and glutamic acid side chains. Water moleculesbound to carboxylate anions are known to interact with oxygenlone-pairs. However, metal ions are also found to approach thecarboxylate group along the C - O direction. More metal ionsare found to be along the syn than the anti lone-pair direction.This seems to be the result of the stability of the five-memberedring that is formed by the carboxylate anion hydrogen bondedto a ligand water molecule and the metal ion in the syn position.Ligand residues are usually from the helix, turn or regionswith no regular secondary structure. Because of the steric interactionsassociated with bringing all the ligands around a metal center,a calcium ion can bind only near the ends of a helix; a metal,like zinc, with a low coordination number, can bind anywherein the helix. Based on the analysis of the positions of watermolecules in the metal coordination sphere, the sequence ofthe EF hand (a calcium-binding structure) is discussed.