Bacterium‐Templated Polymer for Self‐Selective Ablation of Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria

The recognition and inactivation of specific pathogenic bacteria remain an enormous scientific challenge and an important therapeutic goal. Therefore, materials that can selectively target and kill specific pathogenic bacteria, without harming beneficial strains are highly desirable. Here, a material platform is reported that exploits bacteria as a template to synthesize polymers with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic by copper‐catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization for self‐selective killing of the bacteria that templates them with no antimicrobial resistance. The bacteria‐templated polymers show very weak fluorescence in aqueous media, however, the fluorescence is turned on upon recognition of the bacteria used as the template to synthesize the polymer even at a low concentration of 600 ng mL^?1. Moreover, the incorporated AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) can act as an efficient photosensitizer for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation after bacteria surface binding, which endows the templated polymers with the capability for selective bacterial killing. The bacterium‐templated synthesis is generally applicable to a wide range of bacteria, including clinically isolated multidrug‐resistant bacterial strains. It is envisioned that the bacterium‐templated method provides a new strategy for bacteria‐specific diagnostic and therapeutic applications.     

Cellulose‐Based Ionogels for Paper Electronics

A new class of biofriendly ionogels produced by gelation of microcellulose thin films with tailored 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methylphosphonate ionic liquids are demonstrated. The cellulose ionogels show promising properties for application in flexible electronics, such as transparency, flexibility, transferability, and high specific capacitances of 5 to 15 μF cm^?2. They can be laminated onto any substrate such as multilayer‐coated paper and act as high capacitance dielectrics for inorganic (spray‐coated ZnO and colloidal ZnO nanorods) and organic (poly[3‐hexylthiophene], P3HT) electrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistors (FETs), that operate at very low voltages (<2 V). Field‐effect mobilities in ionogel‐gated spray‐coated ZnO FETs reach 75 cm² V^?1 s^?1 and a typical increase of mobility with decreasing specific capacitance of the ionogel is observed. Solution‐processed, colloidal ZnO nanorods and laminated cellulose ionogels enable the fabrication of the first electrolyte‐gated, flexible circuits on paper, which operate at bending radii down to 1.1 mm.     

高温法二醋片丙酮溶液的流变性及可纺性探讨

本文用旋转粘度计法和干法纺丝研究了高温法二醋酸纤维素酯（简称二醋片）丙酮溶液在不同温度、浓度下的流变性，并考察了其可纺性。研究结果表明：高温法二醋片丙酮溶液为切力变稀流体，其粘弹性较低；过滤性和可纺性能良好，纺制烟用二醋纤维主要物理指标为纤度３．１～５．０ｄｔｅｘ，断裂强度０．７４～０．９７ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ，伸长率１８～２８×１０－２，基本符合嘴纤半制品要求。     

聚阴离子纤维素合成工艺

研究了溶剂法合成聚阴离子纤维素（ＰＡＣ）过程中游离碱浓度、氯乙酸钠水解率和产品取代度及其溶液粘度与反应条件的关系。选用低极性异丙醇／水（体积比９／１）溶剂，能有效地抑制氯乙酸钠的水解从而获得较高的产品取代度和氯乙酸利用率。合成过程中加入表面活性剂有利于提高反应的均匀性，使产品抗盐性增强。     

石油降解菌ZS1对典型抗生素毒害作用的应激响应机制

为了解抗生素对石油降解菌的生态效应及微生物对典型抗生素毒害作用的应激响应机制,通过开展不同浓度典型抗生素对高效石油降解菌铜绿假单胞菌(ZS1)的毒性试验,研究了菌体细胞在3种不同种类抗生素(土霉素、红霉素、磺胺嘧啶)作用下的生长及毒理指标。结果表明,3种抗生素对ZS1有不同的抑菌效果,其中土霉素对ZS1活性的抑制程度最强,抑制率随着土霉素浓度的增大而明显上升,有显著的浓度-效应关系。研究了ZS1抗氧化酶(过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶)对抗生素的响应机制,结果表明ZS1受到污染时会通过产生抗氧化酶抵抗外界污染并维持细胞功能。     

羧甲基壳聚糖/氧化羧甲基纤维素/姜黄素复合膜的制备及其在草莓涂膜保鲜中的应用

采用铸膜法制备了一种羧甲基壳聚糖/氧化羧甲基纤维素/姜黄素（CMCHS/ OCMC/ CR）三元复合材料。红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜分析显示,复合膜断面结构均匀,无分层,但表面粗糙度有所增大。与不添加姜黄素相比,复合材料具有更好的断裂应力（20.10 MPa）,断裂伸长率（18.97%）,抗真菌性能（黑曲霉抑菌圈15.33 mm,青霉抑菌圈14.58 mm）和透水性（2.11×10-3 g·m-1·kPa-1·h-1）。草莓保鲜实验结果表明,CMCHS/OCMC/CR复合材料涂膜可减缓贮藏过程中的失重率和可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、还原糖含量的下降。经贮藏8 d,草莓失重率比较空白对照减少了11.38%,较阳性对照减少了1.27%,硬度,可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、还原糖含量的下降分别较空白对照减少了10.00%、42.72%、7.39%、9.32%,较阳性对照分别减少了5.54%、7.42%、2.39%、11.12%。因此CMCHS/OCMC/CR（1%, m/m）复合膜显示出良好护色和抑制霉菌生长的保鲜作用,可作为良好的涂膜抗菌材料应用于食品包装材料中。     

Removal of nitrophenols from water using cellulose derived nitrogen doped graphitic carbon material containing titanium dioxide

Nitrophenols (NPs) and their derivatives are highly toxic, mutagenic and bio-refractory pollutants commonly present in natural water resources and industrial wastewater. To remove NPs from water, N-doped graphitic carbon (NGC) and NGC adsorbent containing titanium dioxide (NGC–TiO₂) were synthesized by pyrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and dopamine mixture, and the mixture along with TiO₂ at 500°C, respectively. NCG-TiO₂ was thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques. NP adsorption on the NGC–TiO₂ adsorbent surface was studied by varying the pH, initial concentration of NP, and adsorbent dose. The results showed that the most efficient adsorption was achieved at pH 3. After 4?h sonication at pH 3, 80% 4-NP adsorption was achieved using NGC–TiO₂ compared to 74% with NGC adsorbent. The percentage removal of 4-NP was higher than 3-NP which was also higher than 2,4-DNP using NGC–TiO₂. 4-NP adsorption best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm plot with R² value of 0.9981 and adsorption capacity of 52.91?mg?g^?1. The adsorption process of NP was found to follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The rate constant value for the adsorption of 10^?4?M 4-NP at pH 3 using 10?mg of NGC–TiO₂ adsorbent was found to be 3.76?×?10^?5?g.mg^?1.min^?1     

Visual Appearance of Chiral Nematic Cellulose‐Based Photonic Films: Angular and Polarization Independent Color Response with a Twist

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a biocompatible cellulose derivative capable of self‐assembling into a lyotropic chiral nematic phase in aqueous solution. This liquid crystalline phase reflects right‐handed circular polarized light of a specific color as a function of the HPC weight fraction. Here, it is demonstrated that, by introducing a crosslinking agent, it is possible to drastically alter the visual appearance of the HPC mesophase in terms of the reflected color, the scattering distribution, and the polarization response, resulting in an exceptional matte appearance in solid‐state films. By exploiting the interplay between order and disorder, a robust and simple methodology toward the preparation of polarization and angular independent color is developed, which constitutes an important step toward the development of real‐world photonic colorants.     

再生纤维素膜行业的发展现状与趋势分析

本文介绍了再生纤维素膜行业的发展历史,成形及表面处理技术,全球及我国再生纤维素膜行业发展现状、发展趋势,全球再生纤维素膜主要生产企业情况;分析了再生纤维素膜行业发展面临的挑战。     

Investigation the effect of cellulose on the structure and properties of polypropylene fibres

The modification of polypropylene fibre during their production is usually performed with the aim to improve some end-use properties of final polypropylene textiles. The most common procedure for the modification of polypropylene fibres involves adding additives in the form of masterbaches, which are incorporated into polymer by physical means during fibre formation. The presented work is focused on the investigation the effect of natural organic additive cellulose on the preparation, morphology and the thermal properties of polypropylene fibres. The series of modified pre-oriented and drawn polypropylene fibres with different content of cellulose from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. % were prepared via the classical discontinuous process of melt spinning and drawing. The non-isothermal crystallization and melting behaviour of pre-oriented and drawn polypropylene fibres were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry tests under nitrogen atmosphere. The surface morphology of polypropylene fibres and cross-sectional shapes were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The obtained experimental results were compared with reference polypropylene fibres prepared under the same technological conditions.