颗粒弥散陶瓷的内应力分布及光弹性分析

本文详细分析了颗粒增强复相陶瓷内部的应力大小及分布状态，建立了单种颗粒及多种颗粒复合时瓷体的残余应力模型，并通过计算机模拟其应力的平面分布，采用光弹性应力分析加以验证．     

Spectroscopic and structural properties of MgAl_2O_4:Nd~(3+) nanopowders and ceramics

The structural and spectroscopic properties of MgAl2O4:1%Nd3+ spinel nanocrystals and ceramics were measured and analyzed. Ceramics were prepared from the above mentioned spinel nanocrystals and undoped commercial spinel powder, using the spark plasma sintering(SPS) method. Properties of the obtained ceramics strongly depended on the SPS conditions. The samples were not homogeneous and possessed defects and pores. The most transparent ceramics had 60% transparency at 1000 nm.     

TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷的制备

制备了SiO2-Zr3(PO4)4改性的TiO2粉体,将其添加到陶瓷釉料中,研制出了TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷,分别就改性TiO2粉体的光催化活性和TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷的光催化抗菌机理进行了研究.研究表明,37.2%Zr3(PO4)4和11.5%SiO2改性的TiO2粉体经1323K处理后,仍具有较好的光催化活性,将其添加到陶瓷釉料中制备出的TiO2先催化抗菌陶瓷对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达98%.     

油基岩屑残渣自悬浮支撑剂的制备及性能评价

目的为了安全有效地处置和利用页岩气开采过程中产生的油基岩屑残渣,采用其烧结陶粒支撑剂,同时,为提高支撑剂在清水中的悬浮性能、改善支撑剂在裂缝中的分布、简化压裂施工工艺、提高压裂增产效果,进行了自悬浮支撑剂的制备与研究。 方法通过聚合反应将聚丙烯胺树脂包覆在支撑剂表面,制得膨胀型自悬浮支撑剂,研究了交联剂用量、单体量、合成温度对自悬浮支撑剂膨胀性能的影响。 结果覆膜材料配比(质量比)为:m(陶粒)∶m(丙烯酰胺)∶m(N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)∶m(过硫酸铵)∶m(N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺)=10.000∶2.000∶0.002∶0.020∶0.031时,自悬浮支撑剂性能最佳,其膨胀倍数为4.3,沉降速度为45 mm/s。 结论覆膜支撑剂自悬浮功能的实现主要与聚丙烯酰胺树脂的溶胀有关,树脂的体积膨胀和聚丙烯酰胺分子链向外延伸引起溶液黏度的增加,提升了支撑剂在溶液中的沉降阻力。该研究对拓宽油基岩屑烧结支撑剂的应用范围、提高油基岩屑残渣资源化利用产品附加值有十分重要的意义。      

Studies about Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N) Ceramic Material Using Different Solvents

Abstract

Ti(C,N) ceramic materail plays an important role in the field of material processing due to their good mechanical properties and thermal stability. In this experiment, Ti(C,N) powders were successfully prepared by solvothermal and high-temperature calcining method, using TiOSO₄ and C₃H₆N₆ as raw material, and n-propanol and ethylene glycol as solvents. The microstructure of Ti(C,N) powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope, and their hardness were tested by vickers microhardness tester. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N) powders using two different solvents were investigated comparatively. Ti(C,N) powders prepared using n-propanol with a size of about 20–30?μm can reach the maximum hardness of 660 HV after sintering. Ti(C,N) powders prepared using ethylene glycol with size range of 3?μm to 5?μm come up to the maximum hardness of 889 HV. The different mechanism of solvents in preparation of Ti(C,N) ceramic material was discussed.     

超高速干铣削灰铸铁的研究

通过一系列的端铣切削试验,报超高速干铣削灰铸铁时刀具磨损形态的特性及对刀具切削几何参数的要求,研究了切削用量（Ｖ,ｆｚ）对刀具耐用度（Ｔ（及表面粗糙度（Ｒａ）的影响规律,结果表明：超高速干铣削灰铸铁宜采用陶瓷刀具,其正常磨损以热磨损为主,具有双负前角（γ,γＰ〈０）,较大后角和合理倒棱参数的氮化硅基陶瓷（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＴｉＣ）铣刀在Ｖ＝８１４～１３２０ｍ／ｍｉｎ的速度范围能获得６０～１９ｍｉｎ的刀具     

高导电性ZAO陶瓷靶材及薄膜的制备

用热等静压法烧结制备了高导电性ZAO(铝掺杂氧化锌)陶瓷靶材,并用直流磁控溅射法制备出ZAO透明导电薄膜。靶材的致密度达98.7%,电阻率为2.2?03·cm;制得薄膜的最低电阻率为9.3?04·cm,可见光平均透射率大于85%。浅析了靶材的组织结构及靶材的电学、力学性能和薄膜制备的主要实验参数对其光、电性能的影响。     

金属切削液在轴承加工中的应用

着重介绍金属切削液的分类、功能及其在轴承加工中的选用。在轴承加工中,一般有车削、铣削、钻削、铰削和磨削等多种加工工艺,其中磨削加工是一道非常重要的精密加工工序,如内圆磨削、外圆磨削、平面磨削和沟槽磨削等。轴承加工中使用的水基切削液不仅要具有冷却作用,还要有润滑、清洗和防锈的功能。重点介绍金属切削液的主要功能及其在轴承加工中的应用。     

陶瓷湿敏电阻器静态校准曲线的线性拟合

陶瓷湿敏电阻器是湿度传感的重要元件,但因其阻-湿特性往往呈非线性而使用不便。本文利用最小二乘法对典型的铬镁钛系陶瓷湿敏电阻的阻-湿特性进行了线性拟合。结果表明,这种线性拟合方法简单可行,可用于非线性湿敏等敏感电阻器件的线性化处理。     

低温烧成高纯Al_2O_3多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备

为了降低高纯Al2O3(α-Al2O3质量含量≥99%)多孔陶瓷膜支撑体烧成温度,以粒径为30μm的α-Al2O3为原料,分别添加TiO2和TiO2/Cu(NO3)2为烧结助剂,通过干压成型和挤出成型制备片状和管式多孔支撑体。Al2O3-TiO2和Al2O3-TiO2-CuO体系分别在高温下出现的液相低共熔物促进了多孔支撑体的烧结。当氧化铝支撑体中添加0.5%(摩尔分数,下同)TiO2+0.5%Cu(NO3)2后,在1600℃的烧成即可获得机械性能高、渗透性能好和耐酸碱腐蚀性能优异的管式支撑体。在压力为0.1MPa时,支撑体的水渗透通量为12.1m3/(m2·h),弯曲强度为44.5MPa。经过80℃,含10%(质量分数,下同)HNO3的溶液腐蚀800h及80℃,含10%NaOH的溶液1200h后,支撑体的质量损失率分别为1%和0.35%。