Annexin 1 Is a Component of eATP-Induced Cytosolic Calcium Elevation in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots

Extracellular ATP (eATP) has long been established in animals as an important signalling molecule but this is less understood in plants. The identification of Arabidopsis thaliana DORN1 (Does Not Respond to Nucleotides) as the first plant eATP receptor has shown that it is fundamental to the elevation of cytosolic free Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_cyt) as a possible second messenger. eATP causes other downstream responses such as increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide, plus changes in gene expression. The plasma membrane Ca²⁺ influx channels involved in eATP-induced [Ca²⁺]_cyt increase remain unknown at the genetic level. Arabidopsis thaliana Annexin 1 has been found to mediate ROS-activated Ca²⁺ influx in root epidermis, consistent with its operating as a transport pathway. In this study, the loss of function Annexin 1 mutant was found to have impaired [Ca²⁺]_cyt elevation in roots in response to eATP or eADP. Additionally, this annexin was implicated in modulating eATP-induced intracellular ROS accumulation in roots as well as expression of eATP-responsive genes.     

Refining Genotypes and Phenotypes in KCNA2-Related Neurological Disorders

Pathogenic variants in KCNA2, encoding for the voltage-gated potassium channel K_v1.2, have been identified as the cause for an evolving spectrum of neurological disorders. Affected individuals show early-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, intellectual disability, and movement disorders resulting from cerebellar dysfunction. In addition, individuals with a milder course of epilepsy, complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia, and episodic ataxia have been reported. By analyzing phenotypic, functional, and genetic data from published reports and novel cases, we refine and further delineate phenotypic as well as functional subgroups of KCNA2-associated disorders. Carriers of variants, leading to complex and mixed channel dysfunction that are associated with a gain- and loss-of-potassium conductance, more often show early developmental abnormalities and an earlier onset of epilepsy compared to individuals with variants resulting in loss- or gain-of-function. We describe seven additional individuals harboring three known and the novel KCNA2 variants p.(Pro407Ala) and p.(Tyr417Cys). The location of variants reported here highlights the importance of the proline(405)–valine(406)–proline(407) (PVP) motif in transmembrane domain S6 as a mutational hotspot. A novel case of self-limited infantile seizures suggests a continuous clinical spectrum of KCNA2-related disorders. Our study provides further insights into the clinical spectrum, genotype–phenotype correlation, variability, and predicted functional impact of KCNA2 variants.     

Regulation of Neutrophil Functions by Hv1/VSOP Voltage-Gated Proton Channels

The voltage-gated proton channel, Hv1, also termed VSOP, was discovered in 2006. It has long been suggested that proton transport through voltage-gated proton channels regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytes by counteracting the charge imbalance caused by the activation of NADPH oxidase. Discovery of Hv1/VSOP not only confirmed this process in phagocytes, but also led to the elucidation of novel functions in phagocytes. The compensation of charge by Hv1/VSOP sustains ROS production and is also crucial for promoting Ca²⁺ influx at the plasma membrane. In addition, proton extrusion into neutrophil phagosomes by Hv1/VSOP is necessary to maintain neutral phagosomal pH for the effective killing of bacteria. Contrary to the function of Hv1/VSOP as a positive regulator for ROS generation, it has been revealed that Hv1/VSOP also acts to inhibit ROS production in neutrophils. Hv1/VSOP inhibits hypochlorous acid production by regulating degranulation, leading to reduced inflammation upon fungal infection, and suppresses the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling by inhibiting ROS production. Thus, Hv1/VSOP is a two-way player regulating ROS production. Here, we review the functions of Hv1/VSOP in neutrophils and discuss future perspectives.     

基于动态模式分解的移动用户信道容量预测算法

在多输入多输出环境下,为了能够连续预测出移动用户的信道容量并以此合理地分配用户资源,提出了一种基于动态模式分解（DMD）的信道容量预测方法及其优化方法：基于经验模态分解的选择性归一化动态模式分解（ESN-DMD）.仿真结果表明,DMD算法只适用于预测低移速低复杂度的用户信号,ESN-DMD算法可以预测不同移速的用户信道容量.     

细磨活化对白钨矿浸取行为的影响SCIEI

本文研究了细磨活化对白钨矿浸取行为的影响.实验结果表明,细磨活化后白钨矿在HCl-Na_3PO_4介质中的浸出速率显著加快,钨的浸出率由原来的约8％提高到99％以上.红外光谱和X射线分析结果表明,细磨除了使白钨矿比表面积显著增大外,还在固体的表面和内部产生缺陷结构,增加了矿物表面的反应活性,改善了白钨矿的分解,使得白钨矿的浸出能在较低的温度顺利进行。     

古代铜镜复制工艺的探讨

复制古代铜镜，要经过铸型制作，铜合金熔炼，镜体研磨等工艺过程。经过反其实验研究，获得了较为理想的铸型制作方法。对铜合金配比的优化及研磨镜面作了深入的讨论。     

变流场情景下基于鱼类游泳特性的上溯通道分析

水电开发对洄游性鱼类的生境造成了影响,预测目标鱼类洄游期的上溯通道可为修建过鱼设施提供依据,从而减缓其负面效应。本文选取虎渡溪航电工程的下游河段作为研究区域,将长薄鳅、白甲鱼、异鳔鳅鮀作为目标鱼类,针对几种目标鱼类的游泳能力对不同流速进行分区后,得出了适用于多种过鱼目标的流速适宜度曲线,然后对研究区域过鱼期的典型流量进行了数值模拟。根据流速适宜度曲线对研究区域的多种过鱼目标进行了流速适宜度评价,并由评价结果预测了满足多目标过鱼要求的上溯通道。结果表明：流速适宜度评价最优区域出现的位置随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下出现在主流区域,而高流量运行条件下出现在主流区域两侧;上溯的通道面积占总面积的比例也随流量变化而有所不同,低流量运行条件下的占比约为高流量运行条件下的3 ~ 4倍。根据预测通道特征,对鱼道的进口布置及电站运行调度提供了建议。该结果可为相关鱼类的保护工作提供依据。     

煤粉炉粉煤灰提取氧化铝活化技术研究进展

介绍了近年来采用煤粉炉粉煤灰作为原料制备氧化铝的预处理活化工艺技术,指出了粉磨法、硫酸法、氯化钙法、铵盐法、碳酸盐法、氟化盐法、物理-化学联合活化法的优缺点及在工程转化过程中需重点关注的环节。虽然部分工艺技术实现了工业化,但因成本高等因素导致项目关停,建议粉煤灰综合利用研究方向应以工程转化难点问题为导向,理论研究与工程设计相结合,逐步探索出一条经济效益好、安全环保的粉煤灰制备氧化铝工业化路线。     

某含铜尾矿粗砂工艺矿物学特征及选矿试验研究

为查找铜损失在尾矿中的原因并制定选矿回收工艺,对某低品位含铜尾矿粗砂进行了工艺矿物学分析和选矿试验研究。结果表明：含铜矿物主要是黄铜矿（CuFeS2）,嵌布粒度微细且呈浸染状分布,未能充分单体解离而损失在尾矿中。经过选矿优化试验确定粗尾砂可采用立式搅拌磨,使微细粒级铜矿物充分单体解离;然后,采用优先浮选工艺回收铜,闭路试验可获得Cu品位18.02%、Cu回收率41.05%的铜精矿。     

纯铝等径角挤技术（I）——显微组织演化

研究了纯铝在 3种 (A、B和C)不同等径角挤工艺中的显微组织演化。结果表明 :纯铝经过等径角挤压变形后 ,其显微组织特征与加工路线有很大的关系。提出了立方元素扭转模型 ,分析了 3种不同加工路线的剪切面和剪切方向 ,较好地解释了采用 3种不同路线挤压后材料显微组织的演化规律。在路线C(各道次挤压间试样旋转 180°)中 ,每次挤压样品总是在相同的剪切面上发生剪切 ,每相邻道次之间的剪切方向相反 ,前一次变形产生的剪切应变被随后紧接着的下一次挤压所抵消 ,这导致了多余的剪切应变 ;在路线A(各道次挤压间试样不旋转 )中 ,有两个相交成 6 0°的剪切面 ,剪切交替地在两个剪切面上进行 ;在路线B(各道次挤压间试样旋转 90°)中 ,存在 4个不同的剪切面和剪切方向 ,挤压交替地在 4个剪切面上进行 ,X ,Y和Z平面上的晶粒都发生了剪切 ,这有利于等轴晶结构的形成