计及故障持续时间的电力系统暂态稳定分布式控制

针对电力系统故障持续时间会影响暂态稳定控制的问题, 本文提出了一种使系统在固定时间内恢复暂态稳定运行的策略. 该策略通过电力系统通信拓扑建模方法为每个发电机建立“邻居发电机”, 利用发电机本地信息和其邻居发电机的信息设计分布式控制器, 通过控制储能装置作用于受扰动后的系统, 使其在固定时间内恢复稳定运行. 其次, 此控制策略还解决了一些实际挑战, 如控制器的输入延时、外部的干扰、储能装置的容量限制等. 通过构建李雅普诺夫函数并利用图论知识对该策略展开了稳定性分析, 推导出了稳定系统的时间界限. 最后, 将控制器投入新英格兰39节点测试系统中, 并与其它控制器进行比较, 仿真结果验证了在低容量储能装置限制下和抗干扰性上控制器性能的优势.     

Development of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Evaluation of Its Immune Responses in Mice and Piglets

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), the primary pathogen causing Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS), brings massive economic losses worldwide. Genomic variability and post-translational protein modification can enhance the immune evasion of Mhp, which makes MPS prone to recurrent outbreaks on farms, even with vaccination or other treatments. The reverse vaccinology pipeline has been developed as an attractive potential method for vaccine development due to its high efficiency and applicability. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine for Mhp was developed, and its immune responses were evaluated in mice and piglets. Genomic core proteins of Mhp were retrieved through pan-genome analysis, and four immunodominant antigens were screened by host homologous protein removal, membrane protein screening, and virulence factor identification. One immunodominant antigen, {"type":"entrez-protein","attrs":{"text":"AAV27984.1","term_id":"53987783","term_text":"AAV27984.1"}}AAV27984.1 (membrane nuclease), was expressed by E. coli and named rMhp597. For epitope prioritization, 35 B-cell-derived epitopes were identified from the four immunodominant antigens, and 10 MHC-I and 6 MHC-II binding epitopes were further identified. The MHC-I/II binding epitopes were merged and combined to produce recombinant proteins MhpMEV and MhpMEVC6His, which were used for animal immunization and structural analysis, respectively. Immunization of mice and piglets demonstrated that MhpMEV could induce humoral and cellular immune responses. The mouse serum antibodies could detect all 11 synthetic epitopes, and the piglet antiserum suppressed the nuclease activity of rMhp597. Moreover, piglet serum antibodies could also detect cultured Mhp strain 168. In summary, this study provides immunoassay results for a multi-epitope vaccine derived from the reverse vaccinology pipeline, and offers an alternative vaccine for MPS.     

Pre-Omicron Vaccine Breakthrough Infection Induces Superior Cross-Neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 Compared to Infection Alone

SARS-CoV-2 variants raise concern because of their high transmissibility and their ability to evade neutralizing antibodies elicited by prior infection or by vaccination. Here, we compared the neutralizing abilities of sera from 70 unvaccinated COVID-19 patients infected before the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) and of 16 vaccine breakthrough infection (BTI) cases infected with Gamma or Delta against the ancestral B.1 strain, the Gamma, Delta and Omicron BA.1 VOCs using live virus. We further determined antibody levels against the Nucleocapsid (N) and full Spike proteins, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the Spike protein. Convalescent sera featured considerable variability in the neutralization of B.1 and in the cross-neutralization of different strains. Their neutralizing capacity moderately correlated with antibody levels against the Spike protein and the RBD. All but one convalescent serum failed to neutralize Omicron BA.1. Overall, convalescent sera from patients with moderate disease had higher antibody levels and displayed a higher neutralizing ability against all strains than patients with mild or severe forms of the disease. The sera from BTI cases fell into one of two categories: half the sera had a high neutralizing activity against the ancestral B.1 strain as well as against the infecting strain, while the other half had no or a very low neutralizing activity against all strains. Although antibody levels against the spike protein and the RBD were lower in BTI sera than in unvaccinated convalescent sera, most neutralizing sera also retained partial neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, suggestive of a better cross-neutralization and higher affinity of vaccine-elicited antibodies over virus-induced antibodies. Accordingly, the IC50: antibody level ratios were comparable for BTI and convalescent sera, but remained lower in the neutralizing convalescent sera from patients with moderate disease than in BTI sera. The neutralizing activity of BTI sera was strongly correlated with antibodies against the Spike protein and the RBD. Together, these findings highlight qualitative differences in antibody responses elicited by infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. They further indicate that breakthrough infection with a pre-Omicron variant boosts immunity and induces cross-neutralizing antibodies against different strains, including Omicron BA.1.     

高速切削振动的形成及其控制

基于系统工程理论,阐述了高速机床结构、工具系统构成、工件材料特性、切削参数选用和加工环境状况是导致高速切削加工振动形成的主要原因。探讨了高速加工振动形成的机制,并针对高速加工系统各部位控制的特点,提出了主动控制高速加工振动的主要控制策略及改进途径。     

成果导向模式的传热学教学改革及实践研究

传热学是建筑环境与能源应用工程专业重要的专业基础类课程。根据工程教育认证要求和成果导向理念,以传热学课程为研究对象,结合近几年课程教学效果及现状,研究了传热学课程的教学目标和目标达成度计算方法;从工程知识、问题分析和研究能力分别开展相应的教学方法改革,注重理论教学联系工程实际,以及学生团队协作和解决复杂工程问题能力的培养;对课程产出效果进行了分析,发现工程知识、问题分析和研究能力课程目标的达成度分别为0.77、0.68和0.8;建立持续改进机制,确保教学改革始终与毕业要求密切结合。研究成果为工程教育认证背景下传热学课程教学改革和课程质量标准修订提供参考。     

面向锂电池少量循环的二维支持域直推式健康状态预测

锂离子电池的健康状态(SOH)是反映电池老化程度的关键指标,但由于电池老化的非线性和不确定性使得SOH难以精确估计,并且受到电池数据收集的高时间成本和容量再生现象的影响,传统的数据驱动方法在历史充放电循环数较少时效果较差.针对上述问题,本文创新性地提出了一种二维支持域直推式学习(2D-RoSTL)建模思路,建立了数据由粗到细的精准划分方法,用于少量充放电循环下的SOH预测.一方面,考虑同型号多块电池的批次特性,利用历史数据和批次数据构造二维支持域扩充模型信息来源,提供了粗范围的大量可供选择的样本;另一方面,首次尝试以直推式学习的方式解决SOH预测的任务,利用离线和在线样本特征空间的信息,对每个样本进行细致划分,提升少量充放电循环情况下模型的预测可靠性.基于NASA的公开数据集,所提出的二维支持域直推式建模方法在4个电池上的预测误差均小于1.56%,实现了对锂电池充放电历史初期及再生点的精确预测.     

《精细化工工艺》课程教学改革的研究

文章论述了合理组织教材以突出教材的重点,凸显知识体系的规律性;精讲教材内容,使学生抓住精细化工的实质;课堂教学与实验内容相结合以增强学生对精细化工理论和实验的理解;把科研内容引入教学中以激起学生的学习兴趣及对科学知识探求的热情;充分利用外部教学条件,把教学与精细化工生产实际结合起来,以培养学生的实际技能等方面的内容。     

凯氏定氮仪在复混肥料总氮含量测定中的运用

我国是一个农业大国。农业的发展是国民经济和社会发展的重要因素。复混肥料在农业中的运用也日益广泛。文章研究的凯氏定氮仪法的检测方法与国标方法GB/T8572-2001的原理相同。与国标法比较,总氮含量的绝对误差在0.01%～0.29%之间,极差在0.07%～0.18%之间,检测准确度和精密度都符合国家标准的要求。此方法操作简便快速高效、安全可靠,效果令人满意。     

化工原理及其实验教学改革

为了适应化学工业新技术日新月异的发展,根据化工原理及化工原理实验课程的特点以及化工学科今后的发展趋势对化工原理及其实验课程教学进行教学改革,以提高学生对该课程的理解、独立实验操作能力和实验创新能力,促进课程教学质量的提高。     

基于窄带物联网的水务管网参数监测系统设计

近几年随着城市供水管道的日益复杂化,城市供水系统的监测变得难以管理.为了更好地监测城市供水系统的运行状态,借助窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)的低功耗优势,设计了一个基于NB-IoT的水务管网参数监测系统.该系统以低功耗STM32L4芯片为控制核心,实现了供水管网...