水力旋流器应用于渣油高温液固分离

利用水力旋流器对渣油进行高温液固分离,研究了高温工况下渣油的物理性质和石油化学成分对分离性能的影响. 结果表明,水力旋流器在高温下对渣油中的重组分颗粒有显著的分离效果,分离后产物的密度和粘度发生了明显变化,当渣油加热到200℃、入口流量为15 m3/h时,对甲苯不溶物、沥青质、胶质的分离效率最高,分别达53.6%, 47.1%和30.7%,促进了颗粒、大分子的缔合、团聚作用. 根据平衡轨道理论计算了水力旋流器的切割粒径d50,与实验结果基本相符.     

皮革厂废水处理的措施分析

环保理念的不断深化给皮革制造工艺提出了更高的要求.皮革厂废水处理是人们关注的重点话题,对皮革企业可持续发展起着重要作用.本文对皮革厂废水来源和特点进行了简单分析,然后阐述了皮革厂废水处理中存在的不足,最后提出了皮革厂废水处理措施,以供参考.     

Heterogenicity within the LPS Structure in Relation to the Chosen Genomic and Physiological Features of the Plant Pathogen Pectobacterium parmentieri

Pectobacterium parmentieri is a pectinolytic plant pathogenic bacterium causing high economic losses of cultivated plants. The highly devastating potential of this phytopathogen results from the efficient production of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, i.e., pectinases, cellulases and proteases, in addition to the impact of accessory virulence factors such as motility, siderophores, biofilm and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS belongs to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and plays an important role in plant colonization and interaction with the defense systems of the host. Therefore, we decided to investigate the heterogeneity of O-polysaccharides (OPS) of LPS of different strains of P. parmentieri, in search of an association between the selected genomic and phenotypic features of the strains that share an identical structure of the OPS molecule. In the current study, OPS were isolated from the LPS of two P. parmentieri strains obtained either in Finland in the 1980s (SCC3193) or in Poland in 2013 (IFB5432). The purified polysaccharides were analyzed by utilizing 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy (¹H, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC, HSQC-TOCSY and HMBC) in addition to chemical methods. Sugar and methylation analyses of native polysaccharides, absolute configuration assignment of constituent monosaccharides and NMR spectroscopy data revealed that these two P. parmentieri strains isolated in different countries possess the same structure of OPS with a very rare residue of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-l-glycero-l-manno-non-2-ulosonic acid (pseudaminic acid) substituted in the position C-8: →3)-β-d-Galf-(1→3)-α-d-Galp-(1→8)-β-Pse4Ac5Ac7Ac-(2→6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. The previous study indicated that three other P. parmentieri strains, namely IFB5427, IFB5408 and IFB5443, exhibit a different OPS molecule than SCC3193 and IFB5432. The conducted biodiversity-oriented assays revealed that the P. parmentieri IFB5427 and IFB5408 strains possessing the same OPS structure yielded the highest genome-wide similarity, according to average nucleotide identity analyses, in addition to the greatest ability to macerate chicory tissue among the studied P. parmentieri strains. The current research demonstrated a novel OPS structure, characteristic of at least two P. parmentieri strains (SCC3193 and IFB5432), and discussed the observed heterogenicity in the OPS of P. parmentieri in a broad genomic and phenotype-related context.     

纳米氮化硼的制备研究进展

材料纳米化以后,会对其性能有着很大的影响.6方氮化硼纳米化后因其具有独特的物理化学性能,扩大了它的应用范围.文中重点阐述了制备6方氮化硼纳米片的物理和化学方法,简单分析总结了不同方法的优缺点,并且对纳米氮化硼的未来发展进行了展望.     

先驱硼薄膜的质量对MgB2超导薄膜的影响

以高纯乙硼烷(B2H6)为B源,采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在多晶Al2O3衬底上沉积B薄膜,然后在Mg蒸气中异位退火来制备MgB2超导薄膜.通过X射线衍射和MgB2超导薄膜的电阻-温度曲线,研究了先驱硼薄膜的质量对MgB2超导薄膜的影响.     

法国液化空气集团经营动向和发展战略的研究

介绍了法国液化空气集团近期在全球和中国的业务发展情况及发展战略。     

对科研院所化学品储存及使用管理的探讨

化学储存与使用不当易引发事故,造成环境污染.科研院所化学品使用量虽小,但品种较多,因此其使用方法及管理不容忽视.文章对科研院所化学品储存及使用管理进行了探讨.分析表明:科研院所化学品储存地点分散,使用人员较多,存在着一定的事故隐患;加上部分科研院所条件较差,使用过的化学品直接排放到环境中,因此,还存在着环境污染问题;应制定有效的管理制度,加强科研院所化学品的储存及使用管理.     

红外敏感硫化铅薄膜的化学机理探讨

硫化铅(PbS)薄膜光电性能的好坏决定了探测器的性能水平。PbS薄膜是制作PbS红外探测器的核心和基础,也是一直以来PbS探测器改进和提高的研究方向。分析了高温法、柯达法和联氨法共3种化学工艺形成硫化铅膜的反应机理。结果表明,光敏薄膜都涉及到PbSO4的形成。X-RD衍射测试结果证明硫化铅多晶薄膜中存在PbSO4,因此提出含有低浓度PbSO4的PbS固溶体的形成是光敏薄膜具有光敏特性的原因之一。     

钙处理钢用滑板的化学侵蚀机理及研究现状

分析了钙处理钢对现用滑板的化学侵蚀机理,介绍了目前国内外对钙处理钢用滑板的研究现状.     

高强度船板钢A36的化学成分设计和控制轧制工艺分析

介绍了铌在高强度船板钢A36中的实际应用,分析了邯钢高强度船板钢A36的微合金化和控制轧制工艺,及其对高强度船板钢性能的影响,提出了优化微合金化和控制轧制工艺的具体措施.