烤烟氯含量与挥发性香气物质及感官质量的关系研究

以四川主产烟区40份烤烟样品为材料,研究了烟叶氯含量与挥发性香气物质及感官质量的关系,结果表明:(1)四川烤烟氯含量较适宜,平均为(0.36 4±0.19)%,变幅为0.11%-1.12%,呈现出下部叶>中部叶>上部叶的趋势,但不同部位氯含量的变异系数较大.(2)烟叶氯含量与主要挥发性香气物质含量之间存在着密切关系,当烤烟氯含量>0.6%时,该组样品的新植二烯含量和挥发性香气物质总量均明显低于氯含量为0.4%～0.6%组别样本的含量,其类胡萝卜素降解产物含量也明显低于氯含量<0.4%组别样本的含量;而芳香族氨基酸降解产物、美拉德反应产物、类西柏烷降解产物含量在组间的差异不显著.(3)当烤烟氯含量在0.01%～1.20%的范围内,氯含量与香气质、香气量、余味、杂气、燃烧性、灰色和评吸总分均存在着显著的二次曲线回归关系,回归方程依次为(y)=9.5729 14.0663x-15.423x2、(y)=13.8542 15.5887x-15.423x2、(y)=16.3304 11.9446x-12.396x2、(y)=12.8175 6.8033x-8.0444x2、(y)=3.9973 5.7260x-7.5126x2、(y)=3.6959 5.6331x-7.3784x2和(y)=69.7143 59.6434x-65.836x2,但氯含量与刺激性的回归关系则未达到显著水平.     

Occurrence and Preclusion of Terpene Chlorohydrins in Citrus Essential Oils

ABSTRACT: Screening commercial cold-pressed oils revealed the presence of terpene chlorohydrins, which may have quality and safety implications for end-users. Concentrations of (1R, 2R, 4R)-2-chloro-8- p -menthen-1-ol in some citrus essential oils ranged from less than 1 to 140 ppm. More than half of the oils tested contained less than 2 ppm of (1R, 2R, 4R)-2-chloro-8- p -menthen-1-ol. A pilot plant study used different concentrations of chlorinated water during the oil-recovery process. Cold-pressed oil, produced from a 30-ppm chlorine solution, contained (1R, 2R, 4R)-2-chloro-8- p -menthen-1-ol at detection threshold. The presence of (1R, 2R, 4R)-2-chloro-8- p -menthen-1-ol in citrus essential oils results from processing conditions and can be reduced through the reduction of chlorine levels in treatment water.     

竹浆Co-salen仿酶预处理TCF漂白的研究

研究了竹浆Co-salent仿酶预处理TCF漂白,结果表明,竹浆Co-salent仿酶处理方式以单独预处理为宜,适宜条件：Co-salen用量0.03％、吡啶与Co-saler摩尔1：1、NaOH用量3％、H2O2用量1.5％、氧压0.2MPa、浆浓5％、温度90℃、时间5h;竹浆经OCoEpPaP流程漂白后的白度为90.5％,比空白样提高了5.3个百分点。黏度为620mL／g,比空白样降低99mL／g;Co-salen仿酶预处理能在一定程度上提高TCF终漂纸浆物理性能,降低漂白废液COD、BOD、SS负荷,并减少后续P缓和暇漂剂用量40％以上。     

二氧化氯对苹果表面Listeria monocytogenes杀菌效果的研究

利用A PI Listeria鉴定系统对从榨汁苹果表面分离的Listeria monocytogenes疑似菌落进行了鉴定,并将原料清洗与杀菌过程相结合,通过4因素中心组合试验设计(CCD),以杀菌效果(以杀菌效率的负对数表示,即logNN )为响应值,研究二氧化氯溶液浓度、杀菌温度、处理时间和杀菌液pH 等因素对杀 0菌效果的影响,用数学方法描述二氧化氯对苹果表面Listeria m onocytogenes的杀菌规律。结果表明:二氧化氯浓度对杀菌效果影响最大,杀菌液pH 次之,杀菌温度影响最小,延长杀菌时间对杀菌效果的影响不显著,二氧化氯溶液浓度、杀菌温度和pH 之间对杀菌效果有协同作用,建立的数学模型其预报结果与实测结果拟合基本一致,相对误差在 5.0% 以内。 ±     

桉木制浆新技术

目前,有7台连续蒸煮器采用最新的工艺技术生产阔叶木浆。在不同的工厂,已经让明紧凑蒸者（Compact cooking^TM）可以提高蒸煮得率,均匀蒸煮而降低卡伯值的波动,降低浆渣含量,提高浆料黏度和具有良好的可漂性。本文将讨论短程漂白的可能性。“热”ClO2漂白使得短程漂白成为可能,并降低了白度的返黄。本文还介绍了在漂白工段使用紧凑压榨洗浆机的经验。     

纸浆漂白用二氧化氯生产过程控制系统

介绍了一种二氧化氯生产过程控制系统.该系统采用工业控制计算机、可编程序控制器(PLC)及现场仪表相结合构成过程控制系统,实现生产过程自动化.系统采用现场总线技术,结构简单,操作方便,运行可靠.     

Free chlorine fixation and the protective film in boundary lubrication

Wax chloride is an older type of additive which releases free chlorine when it is hydrolysed or when it is in conditions of boundary lubrication. The chlorine forms a protective film of ferro-chloride but, on the other hand, it severely rusts the iron, the main reason for its discontinuance since the 1960s. In this paper, epoxy plant oil is recommended as a means to absorb effectively and fix the free chlorine, then transform it into chlorohydroxyl oil and polyether. Rust corrosion can be controlled, and the absorbent transformed into a ferro-chloride protective film on the frictional surfaces of the iron during rubbing. The free chlorine can thus be transformed directly into a protective film. With a dynamic test for the reaction of absorption HCl, a friction test, an anti-rust test, electron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy analysis, the underlying principles and effects of chlorine fixation have been confirmed. This method has been applied to cold squeezing, and tested with EP industrial gear oil. The price of wax chloride is much less than the standard additive containing sulphur and phosphorus, and its properties are almost the same. It is concluded that wax chloride could still be viable for use in lubricants.     

氯化氢过氯原因及预防措施

分析了合成氯化氢中游离氯含量超标的原因,为避免发生安全生产事故,提出了预防措施。     

新型ClO2消毒剂在黄酒水处理方面的应用分析

中国黄酒，天下一绝，然而其酿酒源水鉴湖水由于环境质量的恶化，水质污染愈来愈严重。ClO2消毒剂是一种新型的水处理方法，它比起以前的其它消毒方法有着更多的优越性，是目前普遍看好并具有实际推广价值的消毒技术。ClO2消毒剂既可作消毒剂，又可作氧化剂，可以滤前投加，也可以滤后投加；作预氧化处理时用量一般为0．5～1．5mg／L，后消毒时用量一般为0．5～1．5mg/L。