用电子自旋共振研究导热油的热稳定性

用电子自旋共振对国内几种典型合成油，基础油及加有添加剂的基础油，分别在不同温度下测定生成自由基的相对浓度，以及一定温度下放置一段时间自由基衰减情况，来考察导热油的热稳定性。     

α-戊(己)基肉桂醛的合成

采用聚乙二醇 ( PEG 2 0 0 )作相转移催化剂 ,用氢氧化钾醇水溶液代替氢氧化钾醇溶液合成了 α 戊 (己 )基肉桂醛 ,收率提高到 85%以上。用此工艺合成的产品纯度高 ,香气好 ,具有较高的工业实用价值。     

相转移催化合成芳基烷基醚

报道了以四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂，简便地合成了１０个芳基烷基醚，反应几乎是定量地快速进行。     

全液压稠油热力开采过程井下流体的传热

针对稠油黏度高、密度大、驱替效率低,常规方法开采困难等问题,开展了稠油开采装置研究。介绍了全液压稠油开采装置在原油开采过程中的加热功能,分析了采油装置系统井下流体流动及传热过程。结合理论研究方法和热力学计算,建立了井下流体热交换的物理和数学模型,并对模型进行了分析、矫正和求解。以实际油井参数和液压油的流量、温度为输入参数,通过计算机仿真模拟了井下热交换参数之间的关系,从而改进了已获得的热交换理论方程和模型,并得出了原油的产量与液压油的输入量之间的关系,以及保温提采原油所需要的最小液压油输入量。该模型的建立为进一步研究不同井况和不同输入状态下的流体传热提供了理论依据。     

Solution of temperature fields in hydrodynamics bearings by the numerical network method

Solution to the 2-D steady-state nonlinear heat conduction equation, involving cylindrical coordinates, applied to a plain bearing by a simple and versatile numerical technique based on network method is presented in this work. These advantages of the technique are necessary for the status evaluation of industrial machines during operation because time and computing resources are limited. The pressure field in the fluid is previously solved from the Reynolds equation by finite element method. The main difficulty is associated with the exponential dependency of the viscosity on temperature. The proposed model is very efficient and requires negligible computing times. Solutions are very close to the experimental and numerical results of other researchers.     

Comparison of mass transfer efficiency in horizontal rotating packed beds and rotating biological contactors

In this study, the mass transfer efficiencies of a novel horizontal rotating packed (h‐RPB) bed and the conventional disc‐type rotating biological contactor (RBC) were studied at four speeds and seven submergences. Pall rings of two different sizes (25, 38 mm), superintalox saddles and a wiremesh spiral bundle were used as packings in the h‐RPB. Volumetric gas–liquid mass transfer coefficients were determined by unsteady state absorption of atmospheric oxygen in de‐aerated water. Power consumption per unit liquid volume has been found for all geometries tested. The oxygen transfer efficiency values for the h‐RPB were found to be 2–5 kg kWh^?1 and for the disc RBC were found to be 1–2 kg kWh^?1. The performance of the h‐RPB was also compared with other gas–liquid contactors such as surface aerators. The study proves that the h‐RPB is a energy efficient alternative to conventional contactors. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

非理想截面脊形介质光波导导波模式的研究

提出了一种求解任意截面形状脊形光波导的方法，先利用有效折射率的概念解出某种截面形状脊形光波导的等效折射率，再利用转移矩阵的理论求解出波导的模式色散方程。     

Heat transfer enhancement by Marangoni convection in the NH3–H2O absorption process

The objectives of this paper are to quantify the effect of Marangini convection on the absorption performance for the ammonia–water absorption process, and to visualize Marangoni convection that is induced by adding a heat transfer additive, n-octanol. A real-time single-wavelength holographic interferometer is used for the visualization using a He–Ne gas laser. The interface temperature is always the highest due to the absorption heat release near the interface. It was found that the thermal boundary layer (TBL) increased faster than the diffusion boundary layer (DBL), and the DBL thickness increased by adding the heat transfer additive. At 5 s after absorption started, the DBL thickness for 5 mass% NH₃ without and with the heat transfer additive was 3.0 and 4.5 mm, respectively. Marangoni convection was observed near the interface only in the cases with heat transfer additive. The Marangoni convection was very strong just after the absorption started and it weakened as time elapsed. It was concluded that the absorption performance could be improved by increasing the absorption driving potential (x_vb−x_vi) and by increasing the heat transfer additive concentration. The absorption heat transfer was enhanced as high as 3.0–4.6 times by adding the heat transfer additive that generated Marangoni convection.     

Material state remapping in computational solid mechanics

A computational procedure for remapping material state information from one finite element mesh to another is described. The procedure is useful in connection with evolving meshes for inelastic problems, as for example occur in the context of fracture simulation and adaptive mesh refinement. The proposed method is based on weak enforcement of equality between corresponding fields on the two meshes, where piecewise‐constant fields on both meshes are generalized from the quadrature‐point values. The essential algorithmic problem is that of calculating the volume partition of an arbitrary convex region with respect to a covering set of disjoint convex regions. Instead of geometrically resolving the associated intersections, the problem is herein approximated by a constrained optimization problem, which may be readily and efficiently solved computationally. This formulation is a main contribution of the paper. Computational examples are given that illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.