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51.
将任意差分精细积分法用于三维波动方程地震正演,关键在于如何消除数值计算中有限波场区域边界引起的边界反射。文中采用Berenger给出的电磁波完全匹配层吸收边界条件,推导出三维波动方程任意差分精细积分法地震正演的完全匹配层吸收边界条件计算公式,并给出了完全匹配层吸收边界条件算例。计算结果表明,此方法压制边界反射效果明显。三维波动方程地震正演模拟实例表明,完全匹配层吸收边界条件的任意差分精细积分法为复杂区地震波传播规律研究提供了一种实用的正演模拟工具 相似文献
52.
Nanosized lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powder with Zr:Ti ratio in the morphotropic phase boundary region was synthesized by homogeneous precipitation of metal ions. The powder precipitated at 90°C and at pH 6.7 resulted single-phase perovskite lead zirconate titanate powder when calcined at 550°C and above for 4 hours in air. The solution pH and the precipitation temperature strongly affect the composition of the calcined powder. The results obtained by structural characterization of homogeneously precipitated powder were compared with that obtained from the conventional precipitation method using ammonia in terms of crystallization, homogeneity, and microstructure. The homogeneously precipitated powder showed smaller particle size, minimum agglomeration and uniform shape on calcination and annealing. Powdered samples that precipitated by homogeneous precipitation crystallized directly to perovskite PZT, without any intermediate pyrochlore phase formation. In contrast, the NH3 precipitated powder converted to perovskite PZT via metastable pyrochlore and it showed phase segregation upon annealing at higher temperatures. The reaction kinetics has been studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. 相似文献
53.
D. L. Cotrell A. J. Kearsley 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2007,112(3):153-161
In this work, optimal shaft shapes for flow in the annular space between a rotating shaft with axially-periodic radius and a fixed coaxial outer circular cylinder, are investigated. Axisymmetric steady flows in this geometry are determined by solving the full Navier-Stokes equations in the actual domain. A measure of the flow field, a weighted convex combination of the volume averaged square of the L2-norm of the velocity and vorticity vectors, is employed. It has been demonstrated that boundary shape can be used to influence the characteristics of the flow field, such as its velocity component distribution, kinetic energy, or even vorticity. This ability to influence flow fields through boundary shape may be employed to improve microfluidic mixing or, possibly, to minimize shear in biological applications. 相似文献
54.
This paper presents a new concept for symmetric boundary element method (SBEM) applicable to 2-D steady-state and transit potential problems. Two kinds of SBEM formulations are derived. Symmetry is obtained simply through matrix manipulation, and no hypersingularity appears. Therefore, SBEM is much easier than the traditional symmetric Galerkin BEM. Compared with the traditional asymmetric BEM, the present SBEM can reduce the computational cost for time domain problems only. However, when applied to BEM/FEM coupling procedure, SBEM can reduce the computational cost for both steady-state and time domain problems. Three numerical examples are included to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the present formulations. 相似文献
55.
56.
This work is an experimental study of mechanisms for transition to turbulence in the boundary layer on a rotating disk. In
one case, the focus was on a triad resonance between pairs of traveling cross-flow modes and a stationary cross-flow mode.
The other was on the temporal growth of traveling modes through a linear absolute instability mechanism first discovered by
Lingwood (1995, J Fluid Mech 314:373–405). Both research directions made use of methods for introducing controlled initial
disturbances. One used a distributed array of ink dots placed on the disk surface to enhance a narrow band of azimuthal and
radial wave numbers of both stationary and traveling modes. The size of the dots was small so that the disturbances they produce
were linear. Another approach introduced temporal disturbances by a short-duration air pulse from a hypodermic tube located
above the disk and outside the boundary layer. Hot-wire sensors primarily sensitive to the azimuthal velocity component, were
positioned at different spatial (r,θ) locations on the disk to document the growth of disturbances. Spatial correlation measurements were used with two simultaneous
sensors to obtain wavenumber vectors. Cross-bicoherence was used to identify three-frequency phase locking. Ensemble averages
conditioned on the air pulses revealed wave packets that evolved in time and space. The space–time evolution of the leading
and trailing edges of the wave packets were followed past the critical radius for the absolute instability, r
c
A
. With documented linear amplitudes, the spreading of the disturbance wave packets did not continue to grow in time as r
c
A
was approached. Rather, the spreading of the trailing edge of the wave packet decelerated and asymptotically approached a
constant. This result supports the linear DNS simulations of Davies and Carpenter (2003, J Fluid Mech 486:287–329) who concluded
that the absolute instability mechanism does not result in a global mode, and that linear-disturbance wave packets are dominated
by the convective instability. In contrast, wave-number matching between traveling cross-flow modes confirmed a triad resonance
that lead to the growth of a low azimuthal number (n = 4) stationary mode. At transition, this mode had the largest amplitude. Signs of this mechanism can be found in past flow
visualization of transition to turbulence in rotating disk flows. 相似文献
57.
Yukio Sato Tomohito Tanaka Fumiyasu Oba Takahisa Yamamoto Yuichi Ikuhara Taketo Sakuma 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2003,4(6):137
SrTiO3 and ZnO bicrystals with various types of boundaries were fabricated in order to examine their current–voltage characteristics across single grain boundaries. Their grain boundary structures were also investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. In Nb-doped SrTiO3, electron transport behaviors depend on the type of boundaries. Random type boundaries exhibit highly non-linear current–voltage characteristics, while low angle boundaries show a slight non-linearity. On the contrary, undoped ZnO does not exhibit non-linear current–voltage characteristics in any type of boundaries including random ones. It is suggested that the differences observed in current–voltage properties between the two systems are mainly due to the difference in the accumulation behavior of acceptor-like native defects at grain boundaries. A clear non-linearity is obtained by means of Co-doping even for the highly coherent Σ1 boundary in a ZnO bicrystal. This is considered to result from the production of acceptor-like native defects by Co-doping. 相似文献
58.
城市燃气管网GIS系统的开发 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
随着我国天然气工业的不断发展,对于城市天然气管网的智能化管理已经作为一个全新的课题出现在燃气企业里。过去所使用的MIS系统(Management Information System),无论从效率、准确度、智能程度上讲,都已经不能满足目前城市燃气管网的精确管理。因此地理信息系统(Geography Information System,简称GIS系统)作为一种新的计算机管理系统应运而生,其主要特点是:有精确的管理、有标准的地图提供直接判断、空间关系与实物对应明确、管理直观。文章以企业对管理系统的需求以及技术可行性为出发点,阐述了GIS系统应具有的基本性能;同时结合燃气工程技术的发展,对燃气GIS系统做了应用开发研究;此外还对现阶段部分燃气GIS信息系统的不足做出了分析。 相似文献
59.
Exact integration in the boundary element method for two-dimensional elastostatic problems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper derives the exact integrations for the integrals in the boundary element analysis of two-dimensional elastostatics. For facilitation, the derivation is based on the simple forms of the fundamental functions by taking constant, discontinuous linear and discontinuous quadratic elements as examples. The efficiency and accuracy of the derived exact integrations are verified against five benchmark problems; the results indicate that the derived exact integrations significantly reduces the CPU time for forming the matrices of the boundary element analysis and solving the internal displacements. 相似文献
60.
有限元数值模拟试井技术,可通过描述不同网格的瞬变压力对测试范围内各个小单元进行精细描述.综合运用解析试井、数值试井联带分析方法,将测试动态成果与地质静态成果有机结合、相互补充,可实现对复杂断块油气藏的精细描述,达到一口井搞清一个小型复杂断块油气藏的目的. 相似文献