东南大学建筑系四年级建筑设计教学研究

文章论述了东南大学建筑教育从四年制到五年制的发展历程,希望从课程整体发展的观念上去把握建筑学四年级的教学,从而对近年来东南大学四年级设计教学的改革理念和实践做出相应的总结。     

The Worker’s House

Abstract

The proto-sociologist Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl is best known in architectural history for the popularity that his organicist-functionalist dictum of “building from the inside out” received in early twentieth-century German architectural culture. However, less is known about Riehl’s own writing on architecture in the context of his sociological theories. This paper discusses the importance of Riehl’s thoughts on domestic architecture in giving theoretical elaboration to what, in the mid-nineteenth century, was a growing intellectual concern over the social position of workers. As the “worker” emerged as a distinct social type, and workers’ welfare registered as an increasingly pressing issue, Riehl’s call for a sociologically oriented understanding of architecture (capable of reforming the worker “from within”) significantly altered the terms of the debate over housing policy in Germany. In examining his theoretical elaboration of the task of social policy and the role of architecture within it, this paper reads Riehl’s work as a prelude to a new kind of logic about architecture’s social agency that would come to underpin modern housing reform.     

海信大厦预应力混凝土结构设计

运用概念设计知识，详细分析了预应力部分结构方案的个性原则和配筋形式的确定。在设计中，对预应力板、宽扁梁、悬臂大梁采用不同的裂缝控制等级，这样不仅降低了工程造价，而且更能满足抗震设计的要求。预应力悬臂大梁的设计为结构形式的多样化提供了另一条路径。     

结构优化的APDL语言面向对象程序设计

引入面向对象技术机制，将结构优化问题运用类，对象，成员等概念进行数据抽象处理，在此基础上，编制APDL程序模块进行求解，算例表明，本文思想准确可行。     

从体育专业新生的运动损伤谈实践课的课程设置和组织实施

采用调查法、数理统计法对A学院2005级体育专业新生入学后2个月内的运动损伤以及实践课的课程设置和组织实施情况进行深入和细致的了解、统计和分析，结果显示：出现不同程度运动损伤的人数高达新生总人数的三分之二，女生运动损伤的人数、次数、程度好干男生，学生一致反映实践课的课程设置和组织实施尤其是体操实践课的课程设置和组织实施是造成运动损伤的最主要原因。最后提出改善这种状况的个人看法，以期最大限度的减少或避免体育专业新生的运动损伤。     

Interlocked chitosan/poly(dl-lactide) blends

A novel processing method was developed to prepare chitosan/poly(dl-lactide) blends. These blends were further examined for their structures. SEM micrographs exhibited that under optimized processing conditions and with appropriate composition proportions, the resulting blends could possess interlocked internal microstructures. The results obtained from TGA and DMA measurements complementarily confirmed that two components could be well blended into a solid construct at a partially miscible level. The main mechanical properties of the blends were also investigated in both dry and hydrated states.     

A simple, low-temperature route to synthesize aqueous-dispersible Yb-Er co-doped hexagonal LaF3 nano-crystals for up-conversion fluorescence

Aqueous-dispersible Yb³⁺-Er³⁺ co-doped hexagonal LaF₃ nano-crystals were synthesized by a low-temperature aqueous phase approach in the presence of d-glucose. These nano-crystals are about 15-20 nm in rectangular shape and are easily dispersed in water, producing a transparent colloidal solution; they can also be precipitated and separated by the addition of NaOH. The morphology, crystal structure, fluorescence properties of these nano-crystals were analyzed by TEM, XRD, and spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, these nano-crystals exhibit red and green fluorescence in the visible spectral region when they are excited at 980 nm. The nano-crystals can be coated by a silica shell and their shape is not changed, which will be useful in the application of biological labeling.     

Reactive wetting of Hg–Ag system at room temperature

We study the spreading characteristics of a reactive-wetting system of mercury (Hg) droplets on silver (Ag) films at room temperature. Using a recently developed method for reconstructing the dynamical three-dimensional shape of spreading droplets from a microscope top-view, we study the time evolution of the droplet radius and its contact angle. We find that the process consists of two stages: (i) the “bulk propagation” regime, controlled by chemical reaction on the surface, and (ii) the “fast flow” regime which occurs within the metal film as well as on the surface, and consists of both linear (in time) and diffusive propagation. The transition time between the two main time regimes depends solely on the thickness of the Ag film. A final reaction band with an intermetallic compound Ag₄Hg₃ is formed in this process. We review our results for the kinetic roughening characteristics of the top-viewed mercury–silver triple line, which is the statistical characterization of the morphology of the triple line, expressed in terms of the growth and roughness scaling exponents. The latter are used to determine the universality class of the system.     

Paraequilibria in the Fe-Si-C system and their relation to the bainite transformation in steels

The thermodynamic properties of silicon-containing cementite and ε carbide are estimated, and the results obtained are used to perform the thermodynamic calculation of paraequilibria in the Fe-Si-C system. Even a relatively low silicon content is shown to substantially change the positions of virtually all boundaries of phase fields in the Fe-C phase diagram. The relation between the paraequilibria and bainite transformation was analyzed. The maximum supersaturation of retained austenite is found to be controlled by a thermodynamic factor, namely, the solubility of the paraequilibrium cementite. The thermodynamic specific features also cause the differences in the mechanisms of carbide precipitation from the α and γ phases in the absence of silicon redistribution: only cementite can precipitate from austenite, whereas both cementite and ε carbide can precipitate from bainitic ferrite.     

Machinability of the high-strength corrosion-resistant high-ductility austenitic steel 06Kh22AG15N8M2F

The machinability of the high-nitrogen corrosion-resistant austenitic steel 06Kh22AG15N8M2F during turning is studied. The specific features of the structure of the surface layers in steel workpieces after turning are revealed. The cutting conditions that provide the lowest wear of VK8 alloy cutting tools upon turning are found: the cutting speed is 21–74 m/min, the feed is 0.15–0.60 mm/rev, and the cutting depth is 0.15–0.75 mm. The presence of a large amount of Cr₂N-type chromium nitrides in the structure of the steel annealed at 800°C for 2 h and a high nitrogen content in the austenite of the steel quenched from 1100°C increase the wear of the cutting tools. As to turning of the forged steel, the wear resistance of the cutting tools upon turning of the 06Kh22AG15N8M2F steel is higher than that upon turning of 08Kh18N10T steel, in which deformation martensite forms (in surface layers) during turning.