矿井瓦斯传感器自动调校技术及其研究进展

在简介矿井瓦斯传感器关键技术的基础上,阐述了气体传感器漂移的抑制,包括传感器零点、灵敏度和非线性的自动调校技术及其研究进展,介绍了几种最新技术,涉及遗传算法、小波分解以及用DSP的实现方法,尤其是基于神经网络的传感器非线性自动调校方法,用传感器的输出和待测物理量的实际数值训练神经网络,以得到非线性校正用的逆模型。RBF神经网络的收敛速度、分类能力和逼近能力都比较好,是目前的研究热点。     

二元气体等温吸附-解吸中气分的变化规律

进行了CH4—CO2和CH4-N2二元混合气体的等温解吸实验，分析了二元气体在解吸过程中各组分浓度的变化规律．结果表明，在CH4-N2二元气体的解吸过程中，吸附相中CH4组分的相对浓度逐渐增加，N2组分的相对浓度逐渐减少．在CO2-CH4二元气体的解吸过程中，吸附相中CO2组分的相对浓度逐渐增加，CH4组分的相对浓度逐渐减少．实验结果还证实了CO2在与CH4的竞争吸附中占据优势，而N2在与CH4的竞争吸附中处于劣势．注入CO2比注入N2可以更有效地置换或驱替煤层甲烷，提高煤层甲烷的采收率．     

甲烷制备高纯度氢气的实验研究

对甲烷制备可供质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)用的高纯度氢气进行了实验研究，得出了不同蒸汽／碳比值时甲烷的转化率、不同过量空气系数对制备气体成分的影响、不同压差时氢气在选择性膜中的渗透率以及不同系统压力对氢气反应焓的影响规律．研究结果表明，在蒸汽与甲烷中的碳比例一定时，蒸汽重整反应器内的反应速率和它出口处CO的浓度，随甲烷的流量的增加而提高．提高甲烷蒸汽重整系统的工作温度和压力，可以提高甲烷的转化率，在S／C比值不变的情况下，仅提高温度可提高甲烷的转化率约10％；而将工作压力由0．1MPa提高到0．6MPa，甲烷的转化率提高约21％．甲烷的理论转化率为84．6％，本文实验研究中的最大实际转化率为78．03％，实验研究系统的系统完善度为92．23％，说明该系统还有待完善之处，还可以进一步提高甲烷的转化率．增大PEMFC中选择性膜两侧的压差或提高氢气的纯度，均利于提高氢气混合物的渗透率．该研究为制备符合PEMFC使用条件的氢气提供了可靠依据，同时为综合利用煤层气提供了新的途径。     

煤层气井压裂伤害机理及低伤害压裂液研究

分析压裂液对煤层的伤害机理和液体吸附引起煤基质的伤害程度,总结清洁压裂液和活性水压裂液的性质,并针对这两种压裂液存在的问题提出改进措施.     

阳泉三矿大采长综放工作面瓦斯涌出特征分析

大采长综放工作面单位时间内瓦斯涌出量增大,经常造成工作面回风隅角和回风巷瓦斯质量浓度超限.通过分析综放工作面瓦斯涌出源,可以了解其瓦斯涌出特征.对阳泉三矿大采长K8206综放工作面初采期和回采期的瓦斯涌出规律的分析可知,初采期瓦斯涌出量具有大幅度波动性,其原因主要为采空区瓦斯不断地、周期性地涌入.正常回采期,只要高抽巷的抽放负压足够大,邻近层瓦斯涌入工作面的问题就能解决;而大采长综放工作面本煤层瓦斯涌出量增大,则需要增加通风量或者采用新的通风方式.     

Seismic studies of coal bed methane content in the west coal mining area of Qinshui Basin

The coal bed methane content (CBMC) in the west mining area of Jincheng coalfield, southeastern Qinshui Basin, is studied based on seismic data and well-logs together with laboratory measurements. The results show that the Shuey approximation has better adaptability according to the Zoeppritz equation result; the designed fold number for an ordinary seismic data is sufficient for post-stack data but insufficient for pre-stack data regarding the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Therefore a larger grid analysis was created in order to improve the SNR. The velocity field created by logging is better than that created by stack velocity in both accuracy and effectiveness. A reasonable distribution of the amplitude versus offset (AVO) attributes can be facilitated by taking the AVO response from logging as a standard for calibrating the amplitude distribution. Some AVO attributes have a close relationship with CBMC. The worst attribute is polarization magnitude, for which the correlation coefficient is 0.308; and the best attribute is the polarization product from intercept, of which the correlation coefficient is ?0.8136. CBMC predicted by AVO attributes is better overall than that predicted by direct interpolation of CBMC; the validation error of the former is 14.47%, which is lower than that of the latter 23.30%. CBMC of this area ranges from 2.5 m³/t to 22 m³/t. Most CBMC in the syncline is over 10 m³/t, but it is below 10 m³/t in the anticline; on the whole, CBMC in the syncline is higher than that in anticline.     

DIR-MCFC性能影响因素研究

将甲烷水蒸气重整制氢反应与熔融碳酸盐燃料电池技术相结合,构成了以甲烷为燃料气的直接内重整熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(D IR-M C FC)。考察了影响电池性能的条件,发现反应气压力增加会提高电池性能,反应气压力由0.1M Pa升至0.6 M Pa,在150 m A/cm 2下,电池电压约提高200 m V;增加甲烷流量利于提高电池性能,但需要合理选择甲烷的利用率;常压下,进气水碳比为1时同等电流下电池初始电压较进气水碳比为2时高30～50 m V,而在0.6 M Pa下这两种进气水碳比对电池初性能影响不大;0.6 M Pa、水碳比为1时,催化剂容易积碳,从而降低电池运行的稳定性,因此,电池在较高压力下运行时应适当提高进气水碳比。     

高炉熔渣干式显热回收技术研究进展

高炉熔渣含有大量的热,将其回收利用具有极大的经济和社会效益。传统的水淬工艺对熔渣显热基本没有回收,干式显热回收技术得到国内外研究者越来越多的关注。为此,分析了熔渣显热回收的基本问题和技术难点;列举了已研究的各种干式显热回收典型工艺;介绍了旋转杯熔渣粒化技术、水蒸汽 甲烷重整渣热回收技术等最新研究进展,对不同回收工艺进行了综合评价;并展望了熔渣显热回收技术的发展前景。     

Influences of Catalytic Combustion on the Ignition Timing and Emissions of HCCI Engines

The combustion processes of homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI)engines whose piston surfaces have been coated with catalyst(rhodium or platinum)were numerically investigated.A single-zone model and a multi-zone model were developed.The effects of catalytic combustion on the ignition timing of the HCCI engine were analyzed through the single-zone model.The results showed that the ignition timing of the HCCI engine was advanced by the catalysis.The effects of catalytic combustion on HC,CO and NOx emissions of the HCCI engine were analyzed through the multi-zone model.The results showed that the emissions of HC and CO(using platinum(Pt)as catalyst)were decreased,while the emissions of NOx were elevated by catalytic combustion.Compared with catalyst Pt,the HC emissions were lower with catalyst rhodium(Rh)on the piston surface,but the emissions of NOx and CO were higher.     

煤层群首采关键层煤与瓦斯共采技术研究

基于新庄孜煤矿近距离煤层群全为突出煤层的情况,选择突出危险性程度较低的、煤层厚度只有0．8m的B10煤作为近距离煤层群开采首采层,即关键保护层工作面。采用一面六巷的瓦斯治理技术,并在66310工作面成功应用,实现了煤层群首采关键层煤与瓦斯安全高效共采。研究成果可为低透气性高瓦斯煤层群卸压开采提供指导。