高档纯棉针织纱的纺纱工艺

由于高档纯棉针织纱在织造工艺、织物结构及织物风格等方面有别于其他机织类用纱 ,所以对纱线的质量要求有其特殊性。依据其特殊性进行理论分析、生产实践及实验研究后认为 ,纺制该种纱线首先在原料的选择方面应选择长度长、含杂少、整齐度好、弹性好、细度适中偏细的纯棉做原料 ;应将锡林、刺辊间速比提高到 1.9倍以上 ;应适当提高粗纱捻系数 ;减少细纱后区牵伸倍数、适当增大后区牵伸隔距     

Cellulose furoate. I. Synthesis in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems

Cellulose furoate was synthesized via heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions. Cotton cellulose and wood cellulose were used. Lithium chloride/dimethylacetamide solvent was used to dissolve the cellulose for the homogeneous reaction. The esterification reaction between cellulose and 2‐furoyl chloride was systematically studied. It revealed that the activation of cellulose was important for its esterification reaction. Activation by solvent exchange decreased the crystallinity and increased the accessibility of cellulose. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed no significant change in the spectrogram after activation of cellulose. The degree of substitution of cellulose furoate was influenced by the molecular weight of the cellulose, the stoichiometry of the reagents, the acid scavenger, and the reaction time. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 2649–2655, 2001     

Structural change in mercerized cotton fibers on cellulase treatment

Cotton fibers treated with liquid ammonia and sodium hydroxide were hydrolyzed with crude cellulase. The structural change in the fibers due to the cellulase treatment was examined in relation to the apparent affinity of Congo Red. The cellulose III crystalline structure collapsed and generated intermediate‐molecular‐ordered regions on cellulase treatment. Adsorption of Congo Red occurred on the crystallite surfaces of cellulose II and cellulose III that was transformed from cellulose II. The fiber, the dominant crystallite phase of which was cellulose III that was transformed from cellulose II, had a considerably increased apparent affinity after cellulase treatment. The intermediate structure on the crystallite surface was associated with the adsorption of Congo Red in the cases of cellulose II and cellulose III. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1675–1680, 2001     

Tencel A100纱线纺纱工艺的研究

根据TencelA100纤维的特点，探讨了TencelA100纤维的纺纱工艺并开发出14.76tex Tencel A100纤维纱。     

棉纤维在NMMO溶液中的溶胀与溶解

用不同质量分数的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)溶液,在不同的温度和时间条件下,探究棉纤维的溶胀和溶解情况,并利用X射线衍射和红外光谱对纤维素溶胀前后的结构变化进行表征。结果表明:NMMO质量分数低于80%时,棉纤维只溶胀不溶解;在质量分数分别为83%、85%、87%的NMMO溶液中,棉纤维出现溶解现象;随着NMMO质量分数的增大、温度的升高、时间的延长,棉纤维的溶胀程度不断增加。在质量分数为83%的NMMO溶液中,棉纤维先溶胀后溶解;在质量分数为87%的NMMO溶液中,棉纤维不溶胀直接溶解;在质量分数为85%的NMMO溶液中,棉纤维的溶解存在先溶胀后溶解和直接溶解两种形式。质量分数为80%以下的NMMO水溶液处理后的棉纤维,结晶结构和化学结构均没有变化。     

Wet‐driven shape‐memory behaviors and thermal adaptability of cotton knitted fabrics containing crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) moieties

Cotton knitted fabrics were treated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in the presence of polyhydric alcohol etherified dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea as the crosslinker and magnesium chloride hexahydrate as the catalyst. In wet–dry cycles, the fabrics treated with 30% PEG1500 in the presence of 15% crosslinker and 3% catalyst showed obvious wet‐driven shape‐memory behaviors in terms of a 12% shrinkage rate in the wet state and a 80% shrinkage‐recovery rate in the dry state. The results of weight gain, morphological structures, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and X‐ray diffraction pattern tests confirmed PEG deposits on the surface of the treated fabrics, demonstrated the crosslinking of cotton cellulose with PEG and crosslinker, and also explained the wet‐driven shape‐memory mechanism. The results from differential scanning calorimetry show that the treated fabrics with wet‐driven shape‐memory behaviors had a phase‐change enthalpy and heat‐storage capacity. The crosslinking of cotton cellulose with PEG had a strong influence on the mechanical performance and air permeability of the cotton knitted fabrics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43473.     

聚氨酯掺杂铜粉涂层的电磁特征及其涂层织物的吸波性能

将掺杂了不同含量微米铜粉的聚氨酯（PU）涂料通过涂层工艺涂敷在棉织物上制成吸波涂层织物,并利用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和矢量网络分析仪等测试了不同铜粉含量聚氨酯涂层的介电常数、磁导率和电磁损耗等电磁性能,同时还探讨不同铜粉含量涂料对涂层织物电磁吸收性能的影响。结果表明,在 8~13 GHz 的频段范围内,随着涂层中铜粉含量增加,涂层介电常数实部与虚部均增大,铜粉具有良好的介电性能,在外加电场的作用下产生极化,对电磁波产生介电损耗;铜粉不属于磁损耗材料,对电磁波产生磁损耗较小;当铜粉的含量较低（3 %,质量分数,下同）时,涂层材料的吸波与电磁屏蔽性能较弱,当含量由5 %增加至11 %时,在9.0、10.5、12.8 GHz处反射损耗最低分别为-20.4、-28.3、-25.6 dB,有效吸收带宽分别为0.2、1.3、1.1 GHz,电磁屏蔽效能分别由12.24、16.59、21.1 dB增加至25.92 dB。     

捻因数对涤纶混纺纱强伸性能的影响

以混纺质量比60∶20∶20纺制10种捻因数的涤纶-高强度维纶-苎麻纤维混纺纱,测试了成纱断裂强力和断裂伸长率指标。结果表明:随着捻因数的增大,断裂强力和断裂伸长率都呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,断裂强力最大值出现在捻因数为420时,断裂伸长率最大值出现在捻因数为410时。     

涂层测厚仪在纺织材料测量中的应用与研究

为了提高测量纤维和纱线直径以及织物厚度的效率,使用了涂层测厚仪,将测试结果与常规测量方法的测试结果进行了比较,并建立了两种测量方法的关系表,经过试验得知:两种方法的测试结果有很好的相关性,表明用涂层测厚仪可以快速测量纤维和纱线直径以及织物厚度。     

高模低缩级大有光切片的质量控制

针对高模量低收缩涤纶工业丝的生产特点,推出了高模低缩级大有光切片,并制定了相应的产品质量标准,在聚酯生产中对原料使用、浆料配制工序、反应釜工艺参数调整、粒子尺寸及含水率进行了有效控制,使产品能更好地满足高模低缩级大有光切片的产品质量标准。