我国风景名胜区居民社会调控规划研究展望

结合相关规划实践经验,在社区参与、分类分区管理、先评价后规划等已有理论的基础上,对风景区内居民社会的研究进行了展望,指出居民社会调控规划应当在现有的基础上强化实践,深化理论,并且拓宽思维,促进多学科互动,加强新方法运用。     

低碳社区建设热潮下的“冷思考”

近年来，国内外掀起了低碳社区规划建设热潮。然而，中国至今尚未出现一个真正意义上的低碳社区。本文结合国外建设经验，从低碳社区本质内涵、量化标准、技术实效、组织管理等方面进行了反思，谨防低碳社区名不副实。     

Choosing Confrontation or Consensus in the Inner City: Lessons from a Community-University Partnership

This article describes the experiences of a Los Angeles inner-city neighbourhood in its attempt for revitalization. The authors headed a Community-University Partnership and worked with graduate students to offer technical support to a neighbourhood-based coalition. The students, local residents, merchants and neighbourhood institutions attempted to follow an asset-based consensus building approach to community development. The article describes the different components of their strategy for physical, economic, cultural and social revitalization, and analyzes the lessons learned from the successes and setbacks of this effort. Finally, the authors discuss some apparent limitations of the asset-based consensus approach.     

Community Discovery with Location-Interaction Disparity in Mobile Social Networks

With the fast?growth of mobile social network, people ’s inter?actions are frequently marked with location information, such as longitude and latitude of visited base station. This boom of data has led...     

In the Hands of the People: Harnessing the Collective Power of Village Life in India

Top-down attempts by governments and charities to rebuild rural communities after natural disasters, or to rehabilitate slums, can leave communities feeling fractured. The Hunnarshala Foundation instead focuses on re-establishing social capital, providing funding and professional support for residents so that they can work together to improve their lot. This also reinforces the value of traditional artisans' knowledge in solving modern problems. Hunnarshala's Executive Vice Chairman Sandeep Virmani explains.     

西安浐灞国家湿地公园植物群落景观营造研究

湿地公园植物群落构景营造具有特殊性,本文以西安浐灞国家湿地公园为研究对象,依托景观生态学理论。从湿地公园的功能角度考虑,根据湿地环境的不同特点,从陆生、湿生、水生、岛屿四种环境特点总结出浐灞湿地公园植物群落组合的营造模式。     

Pollution due to coir retting and its effect on estuarine flora and fauna

One of the striking features of Kerala state is the continuous chain of lagoons or backwaters existing along the coastal region. The backwaters support rich and diverse life forms and provide crucial nurseries for shrimps and fishes as well as habitat for oysters, clams and mussels which later enrich the ocean and make Kerala the principal exporter of marine products amongst the states of India. The shallow fringes of the backwaters and the channels drawn from them are used for retting of coconut husk. It adversely affects the productivity of the backwaters and is harmful to marine fisheries. The retting of coconut husks in backwaters is brought about by the pectinolytic activity of micro organisms especially bacteria fungi and yeasts degrading the fibre binding materials of the husk and liberating large quantities of organic matter and chemicals into the environment, including pectin, pentosan, tannins, polyphenols, etc. Consequently hydrogen sulphide, phosphate and nitrate contents increase while dissolved oxygen and community diversity of plankton decrease in the ambient waters during the retting process. The present study is to evaluate pollution due to coir retting activity and its influence on quality of water and estuarine flora and fauna.     

Long-term impact of anaerobic reaction time on the performance and granular characteristics of granular denitrifying biological phosphorus removal systems

Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus (P) from wastewater is successfully and widely practiced in systems employing both granular sludge technology and enhanced biological P removal (EBPR) processes; however, the key parameter, anaerobic reaction time (AnRT), has not been thoroughly investigated. Successful EBPR is highly dependent on an appropriate AnRT, which induces carbon and polyphosphate metabolism by phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs). Therefore, the long-term impact of AnRT on denitrifying P removal performance and granular characteristics was investigated in three identical granular sludge sequencing batch reactors with AnRTs of 90 (R1), 120 (R2) and 150 min (R3). The microbial community structures and anaerobic stoichiometric parameters related to various AnRTs were monitored over time. Free nitrite acid (FNA) accumulation (e.g., 0.0008–0.0016 mg HNO₂–N/L) occurred frequently owing to incomplete denitrification in the adaptation period, especially in R3, which influenced the anaerobic/anoxic intracellular intermediate metabolites and activities of intracellular enzymes negatively, resulting in lower levels of poly-P and reduced activity of polyphosphate kinase. As a result, the Accumulibacter-PAOs population decreased from 51 ± 2.5% to 43 ± 2.1% when AnRT was extended from 90 to 150 min, leading to decreased denitrifying P removal performance. Additionally, frequent exposure of microorganisms to the FNA accumulation and anaerobic endogenous conditions in excess AnRT cases (e.g., 150 min) stimulated increased extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production by microorganisms, resulting in enhanced granular formation and larger granules (size of 0.6–1.2 mm), but decreasing anaerobic PHA synthesis and glycogen hydrolysis. Phosphorus removal capacity was mediated to some extent by EPS adsorption in granular sludge systems that possessed more EPS, longer AnRT and relatively higher GAOs.     

KVAM: model for measuring knowledge management performance of engineering community of practice

The research presents the development of the knowledge value‐adding model (KVAM) for quantitative performance measurement of the community of practice (CoP) of the knowledge management system (KMS) in an A/E consulting firm. The proposed KVAM combines several existing KM theories including knowledge creation spiral, knowledge chain model, and knowledge value added theory to form a process‐level model for measuring the performance of a generic community of practice (CoP). Case study results show that the proposed KVAM provides KM managers with a useful tool not only to monitor the performance of a CoP and its members but also to plan an effective strategy for performance improvement. Unlike the traditional organizational‐level approaches, the proposed KVAM was concluded to better reflect the actual values solely generated by the KMS rather than other management factors.