Examining knowledge contribution from the perspective of an online identity in blogging communities

Knowledge contribution is one of the essential factors behind the success of blogging communities (BCs). This research studies knowledge contribution behavior in a BC from the perspective of knowledge contributors and their characteristics using the lens of social identity theory. Social identity theory asserts that individuals are fundamentally motivated to present or communicate their identities in everyday social life through behavior. A similar line of reasoning can be used to argue that members of a BC would also be motivated to communicate their online identities through their behavior, that is, through knowledge contribution in the BC. Specifically, this study conceptualized the online identity and examined the effects of its personal (online kindness, online social skills, and online creativity) and social aspects (BC involvement) on knowledge contribution. The data was collected using an online survey from the members of Cyworld, a popular BC in South Korea and a few other countries (members from South Korea were included in this study). The results indicate that both the personal and social aspects of online identity and their interactions significantly influenced knowledge contribution. Based on the findings, this study offers suggestions to organizers of BCs to enhance the knowledge contribution from their members.     

基于权重信息挖掘社会网络中的隐含社团

社团结构是一种普遍存在于各类真实网络中的结构特性.挖掘网络的社团结构对于理解网络的功能与行为有着重要作用.然而,现有的各种社团挖掘算法仅仅基于网络拓扑结构信息,而忽视了蕴涵于真实社会网络边权信息中丰富的语义信息.目前普遍使用的基于模块性最大化的社团挖掘算法倾向于将小社团合并,这使得语义上丰富的小社团容易湮灭于基于拓扑结构信息所挖掘出的大社团中.而挖掘出这些隐含于大社团中的有着丰富语义内涵的小社团对于加深社会网络语义层面的理解有着重要作用.为此,提出一个接近线性复杂度的有权网络社团挖掘算法.通过充分利用权重信息,算法可以将社会网络划分为富含语义信息的粒度较细且相对较小的隐含社团.通过对基于DBLP作者合作网络的实证分析,证实了新算法的有效性和高效性.     

P2P环境下基于双层代理的服务发现模型

以集中式注册中心为核心的面向服务体系结构和以服务提供商为中心的服务组织模式容易导致用户发现和订阅服务的难度随着服务的增加而增加。针对上述问题,该文提出一种P2P环境下基于双层代理的语义Web服务发现模型。该模型通过双层代理机制实现基于语义的Web服务的发现和匹配,并提供服务质量协商机制。实验表明该模型具有较高的查全率和查准率。     

基于兴趣和信任评价的P2P语义社区模型

针对大规模网络中P2P信息共享面临的资源定位问题和“搭便车”现象,在考虑节点语义相似度、信任度和活跃强度的基础上,提出一种语义社区构建方法,提高P2P资源组织的结构性和定位准确性。建立基于信任评价的语义社区动态调整机制,以减少或消除“搭便车”的节点。     

基于相似度的三元社团合并算法*

针对使用相似度测量进行社团划分时可能出现的判断冲突问题,提出了一种基于相似度的三元社团合并算法。首先通过对相似度阈值的选取,筛选网络中不同的三元社团,并将其作为社团合并的基本元素,通过社团相似度将其合并。然后将剩余节点和孤立三元社团分别按照节点从属度和三元社团从属度划分到相应社团。最后通过在人工合成网络和真实世界网络上进行实验测试,结果表明用本文算法可以准确高效的将网络中的节点划分到相应的社团。     

一种基于局部拓展的并行重叠社区发现算法

处理海量级数据的有效途径之一是将算法分解为一系列互不依赖的任务,然后利用开源工具并行地执行算法。而在重叠社区发现算法中,基于局部拓展的方法在拓展阶段往往仅需要局部社区及其相应的邻居结点的信息,因而具备可并行执行的可能性。提出了一种可并行化执行的局部拓展算法,并借助开源工具Spark将其实现。算法分为4个阶段。首先,挑选出一组不相关的中心结点并使用其对应的局部网络作为种子;其次,通过删除本身连接不是很紧密的局部网络来过滤选出的种子;然后,采用一种批量式的拓展策略来拓展种子,即一次向局部社区中添加一批邻居结点或从社区中删除一批结点;最后,融合相似的社区。在人工生成的网络以及真实世界中的网络上的实验结果显示 ,所提算法既准确又高效。     

移动通信宏小区信道模型的信道估计研究

为了有效地削弱无线通信环境中的多径效应并提高信道参数估计的准确性,在散射体非均匀分布下,引入了到达路径物理概念,提出了一种合理的改进型信道模型。此模型能够准确地描述出宏小区环境下的重要空时参数,如波达信号在基站(Base Station,BS)处的到达角(Angle of Arrival,AOA)和到达路径(Range of Arrival,ROA)。同时,由于移动台的移动特性,基站接收信号产生多普勒频移,从而推导出基站处多普勒频移概率分布。将此模型的数值仿真结果与其他信道模型仿真结果进行比较,结果表明参数估计结果符合理论和经验,证明了提出的信道模型更适用于宏小区移动通信环境,延伸了统计信道模型的研究与应用,为仿真无线通信系统提供了有力的工具。     

开源社区中已有开发者的合作行为分析

理解开发者的合作行为是促进开源社区协作开发的关键一步。已有文献主要对社区成员的加入与迁移展开研究,而对社区中已有开发者之间的实际合作行为关注甚少。主要从开发者的交互关系与个人技能两个角度出发,探析社区已有开发者如何建立新合作以及哪些因素影响他们的合作。应用Sourceforge.net平台公开的数据进行实验,结果表明不同的开发者的偏好合作模式不同,拓扑距离上的优势(“朋友的朋友”关系)对开发者间首次合作的影响不大,开发者之前的合作次数越多越有利于他们 再次建立合作,而开发环境(操作系统)与开发者(管理)经验对合作也有明显的影响。所得结论有助于提高开源社区已有开发者的合作意识,促进社区的稳定与可持续性。     

Never blame the umpire – a review of Situation Awareness models and methods for examining the performance of officials in sport

As sport becomes more complex, there is potential for ergonomics concepts to help enhance the performance of sports officials. The concept of Situation Awareness (SA) appears pertinent given the requirement for officials to understand what is going on in order to make decisions. Although numerous models exist, none have been applied to examine officials, and only several recent examples have been applied to sport. This paper examines SA models and methods to identify if any have applicability to officials in sport (OiS). Evaluation of the models and methods identified potential applications of individual, team and systems models of SA. The paper further demonstrates that the Distributed Situation Awareness model is suitable for studying officials in fastball sports. It is concluded that the study of SA represents a key area of multidisciplinary research for both ergonomics and sports science in the context of OiS.

Practitioner Summary: Despite obvious synergies, applications of cognitive ergonomics concepts in sport are sparse. This is especially so for Officials in Sport (OiS). This article presents an evaluation of Situation Awareness models and methods, providing practitioners with guidance on which are the most suitable for OiS system design and evaluation.     

An approach for community detection in social networks based on cooperative games theory

Detecting communities is of great importance in social network analysis. However it is an issue that has not yet been satisfactorily solved, despite the efforts made by interdisciplinary research communities over the past few years, because of the nature of complexity in deciding how community structures should be recognized. In this paper we propose an approach based on cooperative game theory for community detection in social networks. We regard individuals as players, and regard communities as coalitions formed by players, and model community detection problem as the formation and optimization of coalitions. Furthermore, we define coalition profile for players to indicate coalitions that players joined, the order of a coalition profile is defined as the number of coalitions in a coalition profile, and we introduce a utility function to measure preference of coalition profiles. Accordingly, we propose an algorithm to detect a coalition profile with maximal utility function values. We have implemented the algorithms developed in this study and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.