有色合金连续铸造设备的发展状况

主要从设备类型、结晶器和控制系统三方面介绍了有色合金连续铸造设备的发展状况,同时简单介绍了复合材料连续铸造设备的开发情况,最后提出了有色合金连续铸造设备的发展方向.     

K2ZrF6助浸SiC涂层碳纤维增强Al复合材料的研究

研究了用K_2ZrF_6助浸法制造C/Al复合材料的工艺和K_2ZrF_6的助浸机理结果表明:K_2ZrF_6处理后,C,Al间的润湿性仍比SiC,Al间的差C,Al间的润湿主要靠大量的界面化学反应、这使得复合材料的制造十分困难;而SiC、Al间的润湿靠微量的SiC在Al中的溶解K在纤维或涂层中的扩散也可能起助浸作用Al液在极短时间内对SiC涂层后的纤维束或纤维预制件浸渍良好同时,将基体Si合金化后,获得了完整的CF/SiC/Al界面,圆满解决了C/Al复合材料的界面相容性和制造中的问题     

原位反应合成TiN／Al2O3复合材料

以Al和TiO2为初始原料，经高能球磨及热压烧结工艺，原位合成了TiN／Al2O3复合材料。利用DTA，XRD及SEM等方法结合热力学计算，研究了该粉体的高能球磨过程和球磨粉体在后续热处理中的物相形成及转化规律。同时研究了以高能球磨及热压烧结工艺所制备的复合材料的力学性能和显微结构。结果表明：在球磨过程中粉料吸附并溶解了N2气，在后续热处理中原位反应形成了Ti2AlN相，当温度升高到一定程度时分解形成TiN，这有助于材料的致密化并使其力学性能提高。球磨粉体在1300℃、30MPa、保温、保压60min热压烧结条件下，可得到性能优异的TiN/Al2O3复合材料，该材料的抗弯强度为850MPa，断裂韧性为5．7MPa·m^1/2。     

无芯薄壁长矩形管弯曲模设计

介绍了避免无填料和衬芯的长矩形管弯曲成形后管壁出现内陷及折痕的工艺,模具结构特点及设计中注意的事项,模具结构合理,便于加工、装配及使用。对该类工件的弯曲成形有一定的参考价值。     

复合钎料的特点及研究现状

为缓解钎焊接头的列余应力，人们提出了在普通钎料中加入一定体积比的作为增强相的各种形态的高温合金、碳纤维及陶瓷颗粒等形成复合钎料方法。该钎料不仅具有较好的填缝能力，同时获得的钎缝接头具有良好的高温强度和抗冲击性能，复合钎料钎焊方法是一种很有潜力的钎焊陶瓷与金属的方法。     

非连续增强铝基复合材料的环境行为

综述了国内外对非连续增强铝基复合材料的环境行为的研究,包括腐蚀形貌和机理、腐蚀电化学、应力腐蚀断裂和氢脆.     

Development of magnesium composite alloy by a new method combining B2O3 addition and melt stirring

For developing high performance magnesium alloys, a new method in combination of B2O3 addition and melt stirring was applied. When 0.3%, 6% and 12%（ mass fraction） B2O3 was added into pure Mg, many twins were produced in each alloy. The average grain size of Mg was about 200 μm. In Mg-6Al alloy, the grain size is decreased from 50 to 35 μm by B2O3 addition. In Mg-6RE （rare earth） alloys, the grain size is decreased from 35 to 15 μm. The grain size of Mg-9Al- 6Ti-3B2O3 alloy is about 5 μm. The hardness of pure Mg does not change by B2O3 addition. In Mg-6Al alloy, the hardness is increased by addition of 3% B2O3, however, the hardness of Mg-6RE alloy is decreased by B2O3 addition. Addition of B2O3 into Mg-Al, Mg-RE and Mg-Al-Ti alloys makes the fine grain structures, the hardness of Mg-RE alloy is decreased. This strange behavior may be interpreted with existence of many fine pores in the alloy. The mechanical properties of composite Mg-9Al-6Ti with 3?O3 are higher than those of AZ91C. The present results demonstrate the potential of this new method for developing high performance magnesium alloys.     

等离子喷涂制备HA/MO纳米管复合涂层及性能分析

目的提高生物医用钛合金涂层的结合力与生物活性。方法采用阳极氧化法在Ti-10Mo-28Nb-3Zr-6Ta合金表面先制备纳米氧化管,接着通过等离子喷涂法在纳米氧化层表面喷涂HA生物涂层,制备HA/MO纳米管复合涂层,对合金进行表面改性。在等离子喷涂法制备复合涂层时,通过改变喷涂电压和喷涂距离,对涂层的显微结构和物相组成进行探究,获得最佳制备工艺参数,同时对最佳工艺参数制备的复合涂层,通过电化学工作站实验、自动划痕仪测试、仿生矿化法试验和MTT法(四唑盐比色法)试验,分别评价复合涂层的耐腐蚀性能、附着力、生物活性和细胞毒性。结果在钛合金用阳极氧化法预处理的前提下,通过等离子喷涂制备HA/MO纳米管复合涂层,当喷涂电压为40V、喷涂距离为100mm时,制备出的HA/MO纳米管复合涂层涂覆均匀,涂层厚度在50μm左右,耐蚀性得到提高,结合力最佳,为14.8 N。HA/MO纳米管复合涂层具有良好的生物活性,通过培养细胞进行毒性实验,HA/纳米管复合涂层试样的毒性分级为0级,对细胞无影响,且从细胞增殖速率分析,试样表现出优异的细胞活性,对细胞的增长速率促进效果最好。结论 HA/MO纳米管复合涂层可以有效提高耐蚀性和结合强度,同时提高材料的生物活性。     

Finite Element Simulation for Laser Direct Depositing Processes of Metallic Vertical Thin Parts（1）

建立了模拟直薄壁件逐点沉积过程中温度场的有限元模型，用等价导热系数和焓值法处理了固一液耦合热传导问题和固液混合区的焓．模拟结果真实地反映了沉积316L不锈钢直薄壁件的温度场特征．通过对模拟结果的分析得出，在高温阶段（700℃以上）熔池的平均冷却速率达到10^3℃／s数量级，在240℃以下的冷却速率仅为10℃／s数量级．基板的温度变化经历温度上升、温度平稳、温度下降3个阶段；在温度下降阶段，基板中的热传导对熔池冷却速率影响很小．有限元模拟结果与已有文献的实验测量数据吻合很好．     

Effect of ball milling process on the microstructure of titanium-nanohydroxyapatite composite powder

Titaninm-nanohydroxyapatite （Ti-nHA） composite powders, composed of titanium with 10 vol.% and 20 vol.% of nano-hydroxyapatite, were milled in a planetary ball mill using alcohol media to avoid excessive heat. XRD and SEM were performed for characterization of the microstructure, and the homogeneity of Ti/HA nanocomposite powder was evaluated by EPMA with prolonged ball milling time. The results show that under the condition of wet milling, the grain size of Ti-nHA composite powders is decreased with the increase in ball milling time and the amount of the addition of nHA. While for milling of 30 h, the nanocomposite powder with free structure, which consists of the nano-hydroxyapatite （nHA） particles and titanium （Ti） phase, is obtained. Three stages of milling can be observed from the dement mapping of Ti, Ca, and P by EPMA; meanwhile, it is found that the nHA would be more homogenously distributed after milling for 30 h.