模式识别和支持向量机在复合材料优化设计中的研究和应用

论述了复合材料设计及优化的基本研究方法,介绍模式识别和支持向量机人工智能法,举例详述复合材料设计及优化中的两种智能法,总结两种智能融合法在复合材料优化设计中的分类、建模、预测等基本研究方法和应用。举例说明模式识别和支持向量机在复合材料优化设计中重要的研究价值。最后对该领域的发展提出若干建议。     

循环载荷作用下两类楼板抗震性能的非线性有限元分析

为比较组合楼板和普通混凝土楼板的抗震性能,采用非线性有限元分析方法研究它们在循环载荷作用下的受力行为,并由此得到两类楼板的滞回曲线、骨架曲线及应力应变分布规律．计算结果表明,采用可靠构造措施的压型钢板与混凝土组合作用明显,在不失较高承载力的同时,组合楼板仍具有良好的抗震性能．将计算结果与试验数据相比较,验证该数值分析方法的有效性。     

聚砜类原位复合材料加工流变性

合成了含4,4'-二羟基联苯和4,4'-二羟基二苯基甲烷结构的两种液晶共聚酯BP-LCP和BPM-LCP,将其与聚砜共混制备原位复合材料。探讨了共混物在Haake转矩流变仪中密炼时转矩的变化;通过毛细管挤出考察了液晶共聚酯分子结构、分子量及含量变化对原位复合材料流变性能的影响,由流动曲线获得这一类原位复合材料熔体大部分表现为假塑料性非牛顿型流体,但含低分子量BP-LCP20%和BPM-LCP30%的两种原位复合熔体均表现出特殊的流变性:较低剪切速率时为胀塑性流体,较高剪切速率时为假塑性流体。分析了这种现象与液晶共聚酯结构形态的关系。并讨论了增强组份和基体的相容性对原位复合材料流变性的影响。     

Inorganic Filler Enhanced Formation of Stable Inorganic-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal (LM) is a promising anode material for next generation lithium ion based electrochemical energy storage devices. Critical issues of unstable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) and dendrite growth however still impede its practical applications. Herein, a composite gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), formed through in situ polymerization of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate with fumed silica fillers, is developed to achieve high performance lithium metal batteries (LMBs). As evidenced theoretically and experimentally, the presence of SiO₂ not only accelerates Li⁺ transport but also regulates Li⁺ solvation sheath structures, thus facilitating fast kinetics and formation of stable LiF-rich interphase and achieving uniform Li depositions to suppress Li dendrite growth. The composite GPE-based Li||Cu half-cells and Li||Li symmetrical cells display high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 90.3% after 450 cycles and maintain stability over 960 h at 3 mA cm⁻² and 3 mAh cm⁻², respectively. In addition, Li||LiFePO₄ full-cells with a LM anode of limited Li supply of 4 mAh cm⁻² achieve capacity retention of 68.5% after 700 cycles at 0.5 C (1 C = 170 mA g⁻¹). Especially, when further applied in anode-free LMBs, the carbon cloth||LiFePO₄ full-cell exhibits excellent cycling stability with an average CE of 99.94% and capacity retention of 90.3% at the 160th cycle at 0.5 C.     

Ultra-Thin Single-Particle-Layer Sodium Beta-Alumina-Based Composite Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Sodium-Metal Batteries

Inorganic/organic composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) with good flexibility and electrode contact have been pursued for solid−state sodium-metal batteries. However, the application of CPEs for high energy density solid−state sodium-metal batteries is still limited by the low Na⁺ conductivity, large thickness, and low ion transference number. Herein, an ultra-thin single-particle-layer (UTSPL) composite polymer electrolyte membrane with a thickness of ≈20 µm straddled by a sodium beta−alumina ceramic electrolyte (SBACE) is presented. A ceramic Na⁺-ion electrolyte that bridges or percolates across an ultra-thin and flexible polymer membrane provides: 1) the strength and flexibility from the polymer membrane, 2) excellent electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact, and 3) a percolation path for Na⁺-ion transfer. Owing to this novel design, the obtained UTSPL-35SBACE membrane exhibits a high Na⁺-ion conductivity of 0.19 mS cm⁻¹ and a transference number of 0.91 at room temperature, contributing to long−term cycling stability of symmetric sodium cells with a small overpotential. The assembled quasi-solid-state cell with the as−prepared UTSPL-35SBACE membrane displays superior cycling performance with a discharge capacity of 105 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5 °C rate after 100 cycles and excellent rate performance (82 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 °C rate) at room temperature with the potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMHCF)@CNTs/CNFs cathode, where KMHCF refers to potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate.     

Asymptotic switched composite adaptive control with application to robotic interaction tasks

This article proposes a new switched adaptive control design for uncertain switched systems with composite (time-driven and state-dependent) switching and shows its applicability in switched impedance control. A composite switched adaptive control design, consisting of the direct switched adaptive control and the indirect switched adaptive control counterpart, is developed to improve the control performance. Specifically, a new stability condition for composite switching is proposed by making use of differential matrix equations and Sylvester matrix equations, which are a generalization of Lyapunov matrix equations. The design results in a time-varying multiple Lyapunov function that is decreasing at the switching instants. From the theoretical point of view, the relevance of this work is the construction of the adaptive laws that guarantee asymptotic tracking error and asymptotic estimation for the direct and indirect switched adaptive control loops, respectively. From the practical point of view, the relevance of this work is validated in a new switched impedance control for the robot interaction with uncertain and discontinuous environments.     

Fe3Se8/Co3Se4/NiSe2/NC复合材料的制备及性能

由于锂资源的价格逐渐攀升,亟需开发价格低廉的电池系统。通过共沉淀法合成FeCoNiCP片状前驱体,再经过包覆多巴胺、退火和在氮气下硒化,制备钠离子电池负极材料Fe₃Se₈/Co₃Se₄/NiSe₂/NC。在0.01~3.00 V充放电,以0.1 A/g的电流循环70次,电极仍有468.38 mAh/g的可逆比容量;在0.1 A/g、0.2 A/g、0.5 A/g、1.0 A/g、2.0 A/g和5.0 A/g的电流下,分别具有363.85 mAh/g、345.88 mAh/g、320.73 mAh/g、308.31 mAh/g、290.33 mAh/g和249.29 mAh/g的可逆比容量。Fe₃Se₈/Co₃Se₄/NiSe₂/NC复合材料较好的电化学性能,可归因于碳导电网络、多金属硒化物和独特的纳米结构的协同作用,缓解了充放电过程中的体积膨胀。     

电压互感器手车复合绝缘失效及电场分布的研究北大核心CSCD

复合绝缘是空气绝缘开关设备小型化设计的一种重要绝缘方式。复合绝缘结构的PT(电压互感器)柜运行情况表明,该类型产品的绝缘故障率较高,特别是在湿度和污秽联合影响下,因绝缘结构设计不当的产品很容易产生局部放电,进而引发相间短路。究其原因,绝缘隔板是相间短路的"桥梁"。文中对一起24 kV PT手车三相短路事故原因进行了详细分析,通过电场仿真结果可以看出:在复合绝缘结构中,高压对绝缘板之间的距离是复合绝缘结构设计的关键。文中的故障分析以及电场分析为新产品开发与故障诊断提供了有益的参考。     

循环流化床锅炉膜式水冷壁的热应力分析

为研究循环流化床锅炉膜式水冷壁的热应力问题,通过数值模拟的方法对顶棚拐点处水冷壁的温度、变形量和热应力进行分析。研究表明:向火侧到背火侧水冷壁的温度梯度变化较大,水冷壁的变形量极不均匀,在水冷壁管与鳍片接触处出现应力的集中。水冷壁减薄后,最大热应力先减小再增大,在减薄厚度为1.5 mm后热应力迅速增大,鳍片磨损减薄后水冷壁热应力增加速度逐渐变大,当热应力超过材料的许用应力时极易发生爆管。水冷壁减薄量超过自身厚度的21.4%时考虑对水冷壁管进行更换。对水冷壁最大热应力与鳍片减薄量间的规律拟合成函数关系式,对判断水冷壁的热应力是否超限,具有重要意义。     

复合横担杆塔不平衡张力调节装置及其设计方法研究

针对复合横担杆塔易承受较大不平衡张力的问题,设计了一种杆塔不平衡张力自动调节装置,结合装置特点构建了不平衡张力计算方程组,提出了迭代求解方法,分析了装置结构参数对不平衡张力调节效果的影响规律。研究表明不平衡张力调节装置可有效降低在断线或不均匀覆冰工况下挂点处的最大不平衡张力。