Self-assembly of C60 containing poly(methyl methacrylate) in ethyl acetate/decalin mixtures solvent

[60]Fullerene (C₆₀) was mono-substituted with well-defined poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-b-C₆₀) using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The self-assembly behaviors of PMMA-b-C₆₀ in ethyl acetate (EA) and decalin mixtures were studied using laser light scattering (LLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Homogeneous solutions of PMMA-b-C₆₀ can be obtained in the solvent mixtures containing more than 40 wt% EA, where the molar ratio of decalin to EA is close to 1. For each solvent mixture, unimers coexist with micelles and large aggregates. The sizes of PMMA-b-C₆₀ micelles and aggregates are independent of polymer concentration, confirming that they are produced via the closed association mechanism. For the various solvent mixtures, the weight-averaged molecular weights, M_w of the PMMA-b-C₆₀ aggregates range from 4.1×10⁷ to 12.5×10⁷ g/mol. The hydrodynamic radii of the large aggregate, R_h, vary from 90 to 136 nm, while the z-averaged radii of gyration, R_g, range from 210 to 311 nm. The R_g/R_h value for each solvent mixture is ∼2.3, which is independent of decalin contents in the mixed solvents. The morphological study using the transmission electron microscope suggests that the large aggregates are composed of porous large compound micelles (LCM) in solution.     

1-(2-呋喃基)-3-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮的合成与表征

以2-乙酰呋喃和苯甲醛为原料,经碱催化发生Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应,合成了一种查尔酮类化合物1-(2-呋喃基)-3-苯基-2-丙烯-1-酮(FPPO)。在考察了各因素对缩合反应的影响后,采用响应面实验优化法探讨了反应时间、氢氧化钾质量分数、n(苯甲醛)∶n(2-乙酰呋喃)对产物FPPO产率的影响。结果表明:当n(苯甲醛)∶n(2-乙酰呋喃)=1.47∶1、反应时间为1 h、氢氧化钾质量分数为5.75%时,产物FPPO产率为63.3%,将相转移催化剂聚乙二醇-400 (PEG-400) 6 g加入反应体系后,FPPO产率可达88.5%。利用UV、FTIR和~1HNMR对其结构进行了确证,同时利用荧光光谱仪、DSC和TGA分别测试了FPPO的荧光性能和热稳定性。荧光性能测试结果显示:FPPO具有良好的荧光性能,当浓度为1.0×10~(-4) mol/L时,荧光强度为3.13×10~4 a.u.;DSC和TGA结果显示:FPPO具有较好的热稳定性,耐热温度约为140℃。     

新型复合果蔬汁饮料的制作

研究了一种新型复合果蔬汁饮料的制作工艺。以芹菜、番茄和大白菜作为原材料,采用面包酵母驱除蔬菜所带有的异味,以壳聚糖作为新型澄清剂进行复合果蔬汁饮料的澄清,再采用新型抑菌剂羧甲基壳聚糖进行复合果蔬汁饮料的防腐,通过单因素试验和正交试验最终确定复合果蔬汁饮料的最佳配方。结果表明,复合果蔬汁饮料的最佳配方为:番茄汁60%、芹菜汁20%、大白菜汁20%、浓缩苹果汁0.3%、白砂糖2.5%、柠檬酸0.03%。面包酵母驱除蔬菜异味的用量为0.5%、壳聚糖作为澄清剂的用量为0.4 g/L、羧甲基壳聚糖作为防腐剂的用量为0.15%。     

二次增压供水智能远程监控的设计与应用

通过对城镇小区二次给水泵站特点、分类及目前市场应用的分析．提出了适用于城市供水调度监控系统中二次增压供水远程监控设计方案．进而建立完善的二次给水泵站远程智能网络监视管理。     

水热法合成Co（C14H8O4）（C12H12N2）微晶粉体及初步表征

根据文献合成了联苯二甲酸,并通过水热法制备了Co（C14H8O4）（C12H12N2）暗紫色的微晶粉体。通过元素分析、IR等方法对配合物进行了表征,并通过TG分析对该配合物的热稳定性及热分解机理做了初步探讨。     

夯扩挤密碎石桩处理液化砂土

目的 消除砂土液化,保证处理深度范围内地基土上下均匀,为液化砂土桩处理探索新的途径.方法 夯扩挤密碎石桩采用相同的夯击能量和贯入度控制桩体质量,以高能量施工设备进行孔内夯击填料,振动和挤密桩底和桩间土,使松散砂土颗粒重排,提高砂土的承载力和压缩模量.笔者对比分析夯扩挤密碎石桩在沿海高速路基工程上的应用实例.结果 采用夯扩挤密碎石桩复合加固地基,可提高砂层标贯锤击数30%,消除砂土液化现象,提高地基承载力,与振冲桩相比节省造价约20%.结论 夯扩挤密碎石桩方法工艺简单,施工质量易保证,节约水资源;夯扩挤密碎石桩对于公路路基工程,具有广阔的应用前景,开辟了处理砂土液化的新途径.     

小脑模型神经网络控制器在天线跟踪指向控制中的应用

分析了天线跟踪指向控制系统的特点和影响系统跟踪性能的主要因素,建立了系统数学模型。根据系统特点,给出了小脑模型神经网络控制器(CMAC)和PID相结合的复合自适应控制方法的设计过程,并分析了该算法适用于天线跟踪指向控制系统的优势。该方法利用传统的PID控制,结合CMAC神经网络算法的快速自学习、精确逼近的优点,既满足了天线跟踪指向控制系统快速实时跟踪的要求,又提高了跟踪精度和跟踪平稳性。仿真结果表明,该方法对摩擦力矩有很好的抑制作用,跟踪精度较单独采用PID控制提高一个数量级,且输出稳定,具有较强的鲁棒性。     

层间接触条件对沥青路面高温性能的影响研究

应用BISAR软件计算了不同层间接触条件下的沥青面层剪应力,通过直剪试验测定了洒布不同粘层材料的复合马歇尔试件的抗剪强度,并采用车辙试验测定复合式车辙板的DS和总变形量.研究结果表明:完全光滑的层间接触条件大幅提高了沥青面层的最大剪应力,加速沥青面层发生剪切破坏而出现车辙;粘层提高了层间抗剪强度,不同的粘层材料对层间接触条件的改善效果不同;高抗剪强度的层间接触能提高复合式车辙板的高温性能.     

纳米二氧化钛的复合改性

采用有机改性剂硬脂酸钠和山梨醇处理纳米二氧化钛,通过正交实验讨论改性剂浓度、改性剂用量、改性时间、改性剂配比和改性温度等因素对亲油化度、活化度和沉降体积的影响。得出最佳改性条件为：改性剂浓度0.06mol/L,改性剂用量0.003mol/10gTiO2,改性时间70m in,改性剂配比（硬脂酸钠∶山梨醇）3∶2,改性温度80℃。在此条件下改性后的二氧化钛亲油化度为9.42%,活化度高达97.39%,沉降体积低于0.90mL/g,二氧化钛的分散性有明显的改进。     

Light metal compound casting

‘Compound casting’simplifies joining processes by directly casting a metallic melt onto a solid metal substrate. A continuously metallurgic transition is very important for industrial applications, such as joint structures of spaceframe constructions in transport industry. In this project, ‘compound casting’ of light metals is investigated, aiming at weight-saving. The substrate used is a wrought aluminium alloy of type AA5xxx, containing magnesium as main alloying element. The melts are aluminium alloys, containing various alloying elements (Cu, Si, Zn), and magnesium. By replacing the natural oxygen layer with a zinc layer, the inherent wetting difficulties were avoided, and compounds with flawless interfaces were successfully produced (no contraction defects, cracks or oxides). Electron microscopy and EDX investigations as well as optical micrographs of the interfacial areas revealed their continu- ously metallic constitution. Diffusion of alloying elements leads to heat-treatable microstructures in the vicinity of the joining interfaces in Al-Al couples. This permits significant variability of mechanical properties. Without significantly cutting down on wettability, the formation of low-melting intermetallic phases (Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 IMPs) at the interface of Al-Mg couples was avoided by applying a protective coating to the substrate.