Credibility and applicability of virtual reality models in design and construction

In this paper, we present the findings from an extensive study of the use of virtual reality (VR) models in large construction projects. The study includes two parts: The first part presents a quantitative questionnaire designed to investigate how VR models are experienced and assessed by the workforce at a building site. The second part includes a qualitative field survey of how VR models can be applied and accepted by professionals in the design and planning process of a large pelletizing plant. Through mainly studying persons who had little or no experience with advanced information technology (IT), we hoped to reveal the attitudes of the average person working at a construction site rather than of an IT expert. In summary, the study shows that the VR models in both projects have been very useful and well accepted by the users. Today’s information flow is, from a general point of view, considered to be insufficient and the hypothesis is that using VR models in the construction process have the potential to minimize waste of resources and improve the final result.     

江苏复杂断块高含水单元改善水驱效果的技术对策

在分析高含水开发单元特点的基础上,针对该阶段剩余油的品位、分布和油水关系极为复杂、挖潜难度大的技术难点,提出了适合江苏复杂断块油田高含水开发单元改善水驱开发效果的思路和工作程序、技术对策,并在真武油田高含水开发单元进行了实际应用,取得了良好的效果.     

非常规开采顺序在鸡冠嘴金矿二期采区的应用

针对鸡冠嘴金矿二期采区矿体(群)延深较大、走向较短、在垂向上中部较厚、品位较高呈“菱形”变化的特点，通过技术经济比较和岩石力学研究论证，并结合国内、外类似矿山的生产实践，提出并采用了不同于常规的首先开采矿体(群)中部的开采方法，从而为提高矿山生产初期的经济效益，尽早偿还基建贷款提供了一条新的成功经验。     

An integrated biodesulfurization process,including inoculum preparation,desulfurization and sulfate removal in a single step,for removing sulfur from oils

BACKGROUND: A single‐stage reactor, in which the growth of bacterial culture, induction of desulfurizing enzymes, and desulfurization reaction are carried out in a single step, was adopted to investigate desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) at high cell densities. Rhodococcus erythropolis, IGTS8 was used as the biocatalyst. Optimal conditions for bacterial growth and DBT desulfurization were investigated. RESULTS: Optimization of fermentation conditions was necessary to obtain high cell densities including controlling accumulation of acetate. Under optimal operating conditions, the maximum optical density at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀) was measured to be 26.6 at 118 h of cultivation. When biodesulfurization of DBT in model oil with a high cell density culture of IGTS8 was investigated, accumulation of sulfate was found to limit the extent of desulfurization. A sulfate removal step was added to obtain a single‐stage integrated biodesulfurization process. Sulfate removal was achieved via an aqueous bleed stream and use of a separation unit to recycle the organic phase. CONCLUSION: A proof of principle of a complete system capable of biocatalyst growth, induction, desulfurization and by‐product separation was demonstrated. This system enables simplification of the biodesulfurization process and has potential to lower the operating cost of the bioprocess. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Familiarity and plausibility in conceptual combination: Reply to Gagné and Spalding (2006).

E. J. Wisniewski and G. L. Murphy (see record 2004-22496-015) suggested that the apparent effects of relation frequency in C. L. Gagné and E. J. Shoben's (1997; see record 1997-02349-004) conceptual combination experiments could be explained by differences between the familiarity and plausibility of their stimuli (noun-noun phrases). However, C. L. Gagné and T. L. Spalding (see record 2006-20573-017) argued that Wisniewski and Murphy's measures of plausibility and frequency are both sensitive to relation frequency. They also suggested that the stimuli were mostly novel, such that differences in familiarity could not explain Gagné and Shoben's findings. The current authors focus on the theoretical rationale for the plausibility and familiarity variables, arguing that the original interpretation of their findings is correct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

新器件条件下对行输出级电路计算公式的修正与补充(Ⅵ)

当彩色显示器使用初级线圈电感量L_P较小的新逆程变压器时,流过饱和导通行输出管的集电极电流I_(CP),不但包括偏转线圈L_Y中的正向锯齿波电流I_(YCP),还有不能忽略的FBT初级线圈中的正向锯齿电流I_(FCP),即CGA卡时峰值电流I_(CP)(6.1A)=I_(YCP)(3.9A)+I_(FCP)(2.2A)。因此有必要对行输出级电路的电流计算公式作相应的修正和补充。     

浅谈施工阶段的工程造价管理

就施工单位如何把工程造价的发生控制在合理的范围和核定的造价限额以内，从工程承包实行招投标制、缩短工期、重视现场签证和索赔工作等方面进行了阐述，以达到节约投资，提高经济效益目的。     

小浪底细砂岩单轴压缩声发射特征研究

采用岩石伺服试验机和声发射仪,对小浪底三叠系细砂岩进行单轴压缩声发射试验。基于试验结果,将试样变形过程划分为压密、弹性、塑性和破坏四个阶段,分析了不同阶段试样声发射幅值、峰值频率、振铃计数和能量的变化特征,在此基础上对比分析了试样声发射ｂ值以及累计振铃计数的演化规律,得出了岩石的破坏时间前兆特征。研究结果表明:压密和弹性阶段试样声发射幅值、振铃计数和能量处于较低水平、峰值频率频带数量依次增多;塑性阶段试样幅值增大、振铃计数与能量上升且整体处于较高水平、峰值频率数值增大且呈现多频带化,临近破坏阶段试样产生大量100ｄＢ的高幅值信号,振铃计数与能量持续急增,峰值频率降低,频带减少;声发射ｂ值的变化规律可以间接反映岩体内部微裂隙萌生、扩展的演化特征。     

磁悬浮列车造型仿生设计研究

以仿生设计的理论为基础来指导磁悬浮列车造型设计,以期为列车车型概念提供灵感,提高列车造型品质,并满足车体气动性能的基本要求。首先,通过文献研究归纳了国内外以磁悬浮列车为主的轨道列车造型仿生的研究动向;其次,通过案例研究解析典型仿生设计系列车型案例,探究列车仿生对象的应用形式;再次,综合仿生设计与轨道列车设计的方法要素,构建磁悬浮列车仿生设计的一般程序,并基于车体线性趋势的仿生规律,以平鳍旗鱼为仿生对象,设计具有仿生特征的磁悬浮列车概念性设计造型方案;最后,通过初步的仿真模拟,得到该方案的空气阻力系数。通过将本方案与相关案例数据的对比,证明运用仿生设计可以满足磁悬浮列车造型对美学价值和气动性能的要求。     

Dynamics of Bacterial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere and Root Nodule of Soybean: Impacts of Growth Stages and Varieties

Bacterial communities in rhizosphere and root nodules have significant contributions to the growth and productivity of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In this report, we analyzed the physiological properties and dynamics of bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and root nodules at different growth stages using BioLog EcoPlate and high-throughput sequencing technology, respectively. The BioLog assay found that the metabolic capability of rhizosphere is in increasing trend in the growth of soybeans as compared to the bulk soil. As a result of the Illumina sequencing analysis, the microbial community structure of rhizosphere and root nodules was found to be influenced by the variety and growth stage of the soybean. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria were the most abundant in rhizosphere at all growth stages, followed by Alphaproteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the phylum Bacteroidetes showed the greatest change. But, in the root nodules Alphaproteobacteria were dominant. The results of the OTU analysis exhibited the dominance of Bradyrhizobium during the entire stage of growth, but the ratio of non-rhizobial bacteria showed an increasing trend as the soybean growth progressed. These findings revealed that bacterial community in the rhizosphere and root nodules changed according to both the variety and growth stages of soybean in the field.