基于卡琳娜循环的电厂机组降耗提效技术

随着火电机组规模扩大,常规火电厂产能热效率利用已达瓶颈。且受到朗肯循环参数限制,发电过程中水蒸气热损耗较高,并会伴随着一定程度上的环境污染。文中基于卡琳娜循环技术,提出一种针对火电机组的降耗提效方案。通过深入分析卡琳娜循环工作原理,将其与火电机组循环发电过程结合应用,充分发挥循环优势,突破热转化效率瓶颈,进一步提升火电机组管道余热及排气凝结热利用率。此外,该种技术可深度利用化学能转化热能循环过程中存在的各类固有热损,完成降低热耗、提升发电效率的双向优化。经实际运行测试结果表明：此技术能在不影响原电场循环热效率的前提下,提升机组发电功率近1%。     

Effect of alkali halides on α-chymotrypsin activity in the plastein reaction

The influence of different alkali halides (LiF, LiCl. LiBr, NaF, NaCl, NaBr, KF, KCl and KBr) on α-chymotrypsin-catalysed plastein synthesis has been studied in aqueous medium at different substrate concentrations. The results showed an enhancing effect on the plastein synthesis enzyme action by the presence of salts, proportional to salt concentration, which was decreased when the substrate concentration was increased. Additionally, these facts allowed the ions to be classified as a function of their activation power (F^? > Cl^? > Br^?: K⁺ > Na⁺ > Li⁺), which was in agreement with the interpretation of the Hofmeister lyotropic series. The influence of the several phenomena produced by the presence of salts in the plastein reaction, such as, salt-substrate interactions and water activity, as well as the presence of deactivated enzyme was also analysed. The obtained results showed that the substrate concentration is the most important factor, and the activating effect of salts could be simultaneously involved with both a structural change on the substrate conformation and a reduction of water activity into the reaction media, enhancing the catalytic capability of the α-chymotrypsin towards a peptide synthesis action.     

三组分气体超声速凝结过程数值模拟与实验研究

结合液滴成核与生长模型,以及气、液流动控制方程建立了超声速凝结流动数学模型,对空气+水+乙醇三组分（双可凝）气体超声速流动条件下凝结特性进行了数值计算,研究了三组分气体超声速凝结特性影响因素,通过与空气+水双组分（单可凝）气体对比,分析了第二种可凝组分对凝结成核的影响,并开展了实验验证与对比分析。结果表明：随着三组分气体中乙醇含量的升高,Laval喷管内成核率、液滴数均增大,但成核区收窄,液滴生长区向前移动;在入口可凝气体为饱和状态下,升高入口温度与压力均能促进凝结的发生,使Wilson点向喉部移动,进而提高出口气体湿度;与双组分气体相比,三组分气体发生凝结的Wilson点更靠近喉部,出口湿度更大,说明三组分气体发生凝结时,两种可凝气体的凝结过程是相互促进的;Laval喷管沿程压力及Wilson点测试结果与数值计算结果吻合较好,说明所建立的数学模型具有较高的准确性。     

DVC中基于DCT系数统计特性的量化算法

针对变换域分布式视频编码问题,提出一种自适应量化算法AQSC。根据视频帧离散余弦变换系数的分布特点,确定各子带的重要性,只对重要的子带进行量化及编解码,不重要的子带不进行量化及编码,且在译码时直接用边信息代替。实验结果表明,AQSC算法可提高分布式视频编码系统的率失真性能,减少译码码率,解码后视频序列的整体质量有所提高。     

2，6－二苦胺基－3，5－二硝基吡啶的新法合成探讨

本文采用两步缩合，先以二硝基氯苯（代替苦基氯）与２，６－二氨基吡啶反应得到Ｎ－（２，４－二硝基苯基）－２，６－二氨基吡啶（２），（２）再与苦基氯缩合得到Ｎ－（２，４－二硝基苯基）－Ｎ＇－苦基－２，６－二氨基吡啶（３），将（３）硝化就得到题称化合物（４）。     

溶液缩聚物分子量分布及其控制的研究

本文根据溶液缩聚基本原理及反应过程的基本事实，用随机过程方法，得到缩聚产物分子量分布函数，并对分子量及其分布的控制作了讨论。     

Strain evolution of SiGe-on-insulator fabricated by germanium condensation method with over-oxidation

Strain evolutions of SiGe film during Ge condensation processes of SiGe on silicon-on-insulator were studied in detail with assistance of X-ray diffraction. At the beginning of Ge condensation, SiGe on silicon-on-insulator with low Ge fraction was oxidized at higher temperature of 1150 °C, the strong plastic deformation of buried SiO₂ and Si-Ge intermixing relieved most of the strain in SiGe with increasing Ge fraction. When temperature was reduced to 900 °C for oxidation of SiGe layer with higher Ge fraction, Ge accumulation overmatched Si-Ge inter-diffusion, resulting in non-uniform profile of Ge in SiGe layer. During this period, plastic deformation of buried SiO₂ can be neglected and dislocation gliding plays a significant role in relieving strain in SiGe, which enlarges the surface roughness. The strain in SiGe increases gradually with condensation time for the thickness of SiGe layer reduces close to its critical thickness, even with higher Ge fraction. Intensive over-oxidation of germanium-on-insulator materials was suggested to be effective to fully relax the compressive strain but should be precisely controlled to avoid surface deterioration.     

用于空间聚光结构的折展机构设计与分析

针对空间太阳能电站大口径聚光结构的应用需求与运载条件相矛盾的情况,以离轴式聚光系统为研究基础,设计了一种具有折叠展开功能的次镜支撑机构。机构采用三关节串联结构为主,两组平行四杆机构为辅,可实现水平、竖直的两次展开,并能保证次镜组件在展开过程中始终保持平动状态。通过建立机构折展的运动学方程,对机构的工作空间进行了求解,规划了展开方案;对机构展开的位置、姿态精度进行了研究,分析了展开精度对机构各结构参数的敏感度;最后,在ADAMS软件中建立了折展机构的虚拟样机,对展开过程进行了仿真,验证了机构设计的正确性与合理性。     

基于通道参数估计的多输入多输出雷达定位

针对统计MIMO雷达定位精度和目标分辨力不高的现状,提出基于收发通道参数估计的高精度MI-MO雷达定位方法。与传统做法不同,该方法采用共轭信号延迟发射模式,处理回波数据时首先估计MIMO雷达虚拟通道的系数,再利用估计结果修正目标参数估计模型,对目标实施定位。理论分析和仿真结果均表明:该方法极大地提高了统计MIMO雷达的定位精度和目标分辨能力,充分开发了大间距配置MIMO雷达参数估计的潜能。     

不同直径张应变锗材料对光谱和晶体质量的影响

绝缘体上张应变锗材料是通过能带工程提高锗材料光电性能得到的一种新型半导体材料,在微电子和光电子领域具有重要的应用前景.采用微电子技术中的图形加工方法以及利用锗浓缩的技术原理,在绝缘体上硅(SOI)材料上制备了绝缘体上张应变锗材料.喇曼与室温光致发光(PL)测试结果表明,不同圆形半径的绝缘体上锗材料张应变均为0.54％.对于绝缘体上张应变锗材料,应变使其发光红移的效果强于量子阱使其发生蓝移的效果,总体将使绝缘体上张应变锗材料的直接带发光峰位红移.同时0.54％张应变锗材料的直接带发光强度随着圆形半径的增大而减弱,这主要是因为圆形半径大的样品其晶体质量较差.该材料可进一步用于制备锗微电子和光电子器件.