Two-tier architecture for unconstrained handwritten character recognition

In this paper, we propose an approach that combines the unsupervised and supervised learning techniques for unconstrained handwritten numeral recognition. This approach uses the Kohonen self-organizing neural network for data classification in the first stage and the learning vector quantization (LVQ) model in the second stage to improve classification accuracy. The combined architecture performs better than the Kohonen self-organizing map alone. In the proposed approach, the collection of centroids at different phases of training plays a vital role in the performance of the recognition system. Four experiments have been conducted and experimental results show that the collection of centroids in the middle of the training gives high performance in terms of speed and accuracy. The systems developed also resolve the confusion between handwritten numerals.     

高温高压下多种气体在储层岩心中吸附等温线的测定

利用自行研制的XF1型高温高压气体吸脱附测试仪,结合一台色谱分析仪(HP6890),一套抽真空系统,分别测定了N₂、CH₄、C₂H₆、C₃H₈、nC₄及其混合气体在三个岩心中的吸脱附等温线共计42条(单组分30条,累计测试点516个;混合气12条,累计测试点203个),以及吸附平衡后混合气的自由气相组成、吸附相组成和各组分的吸附等温线各48条(累计测试点431个).测试的温度为50.5℃.实验结果表明:①储层岩心介质对烃类气体的吸附现象是客观存在的,不容忽视;②仅就测试所得的数据来看,如果忽略其它因素,可以初步估计,不考虑吸附的砂岩储层气藏的计算储量将比考虑吸附少5%以上;③岩心-气体吸附体系的吸附能力除受压力影响外,更受到储层介质、岩石成分、结构和物性性质的影响,除此之外,还受到多组分气体中重烃组分数目、摩尔含量等的影响;④多组分气体组分相对吸附量能有效地表征多组分气体中各组分气体的竞争吸附能力大小,依据这个指标可将五元多组分气体体系中各组分气体按其竞争吸附能力由强到弱排序为nC₄>C₃H₈>C₂H₆>CH₄>N₂.     

A novel method of suppressing the inrush current of transformers by using a series‐connected voltage‐source PWM converter

This paper proposes a novel method of suppressing the inrush current of transformers. A small‐rated voltage‐source PWM converter is connected in series to the transformers through a matching transformer. As the connected PWM converter serves as a resistor for the source current, no inrush phenomena occurs. The required rating of the PWM converter, which serves as the damping resistor for the inrush phenomena, is 1/400 that of the main transformers in single‐phase circuits. In three‐phase circuits, it is 1/900. The basic principle of the proposed method is discussed. Digital computer simulation is implemented to confirm the validity and excellent practicability of the proposed method using the PSCAD/EMTDC. A prototype experimental model is constructed and tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can perfectly suppress the inrush phenomena. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 157(4): 56–65, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20174     

计算机技术图书分类标引存在的问题及对策

从文献分类的实践出发，提出了对计算机技术图书分类标引工作存在的问题，分析了问题的原因，提出了解决问题的方法。     

Measurement selection for parametric IC fault diagnosis

This article presents experimental results which show feedforward neural networks are well-suited for analog IC fault diagnosis. Boundary band data (BBD) measurement selection is used to reduce the computational overhead of the FFN training phase. We compare the diagnostic accuracy between traditional statistical classifiers and feedforward neural networks trained with various measurement selection criteria. The feedforward networks consistently perform as well as or better than the other classifiers in term of accuracy. Training using BBD consistently reduces the FFN training efforts without degrading the performance. Experimental results suggest that feedforward networks provide a cost efficient method for IC fault diagnosis in a large scale production testing environment.This work is supported by NSF-IUC CDADIC, Project 90-1.     

Review of Language in the Americas.

Reviews the book, Language in the Americas by Joseph H. Greenberg (1987). Greenberg's work on universals of language has crossed disciplinary boundaries to become known to many psychologists interested in language. His equally important work in language classification, of which Language in the Americas is one part, remains unfamiliar to psychologists. This book is a pioneering work in that it is the first genetic classification of the indigenous languages of both North and South America. Greenberg maintains that all of the languages of the Americas belong to three families: Eskimo-Aleut, Na-Dene, and a family that he has named Amerind. This assertion is both important and controversial; the controversy lies in the grouping of most of the languages including all of those of South and Central America into the Amerind family. Most of Language in the Americas consists of the Amerind etymological dictionary, arranged so that the reader can assess lexical similarities within and between subgroups. Greenberg's discussion is informed, articulate, profound, and to the point. He draws on relevant sources and examples from diverse fields of knowledge. The depth and breadth of his scholarship and the clarity of his presentation create a work that is an intellectual pleasure to read. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

论基于技术资本的核心创新能力

首先界定技术资本的概念，然后以“核心能力特征参量罗盘”作为指导，全面展开论述企业核心创新能力相应4方面的投资策略，最后，运用一个案例具体展示基于技术资本核心创新能力的提升经验。     

Congestion pricing of multi-modal transportation systems

This paper deals with the pricing and investment decision problem of multi-modal transportation systems in which the congestion is a significant factor in the assessment of system costs. This study approaches this congestion pricing problem with a number of social welfare maximization problems, all of which have the identical structure except financial constraints. One welfare maximization problem examined in this study yields the pricing and investment decision, which can attain the first-best social optimality for multi-modal transportation systems. Other welfare maximization problems show he second-best optimal solutions that can address two policy questions in transportation economics, namely, the cross-subsidy between competing modes and peak-period congestion charges on a single highway link. Received: February 2001/Accepted: December 2001 This work was supported in part by funds from BK21 Research Division of Seoul National University for Social Infrastructure and Construction Technology.     

压水堆堆芯换料设计优化的研究

讨论压水堆堆芯换料设计优化问题，并研制一套实用的换料优化软件包，可用于低泄漏、外－内和改进的外－内装料方案的优化。在低泄漏方案优化时，利用哈林原理将燃料组件布置与可燃毒物配置的优化问题脱耦成两步优化问题。先用线性规划方法进行无可燃毒物时燃料组件布置的优化，然后再用可变容差法寻找可燃毒物的优化布置。应用该软件对秦山核电厂首次难芯换料方案进行了优化，提出了可供参考的一些优化布置方案。