OPTIMUM SHAPE OF THE OPEN CROSS-SECTION OF A THIN-WALLED BEAM

The paper is aimed at searching for the optimum shape of an open cross-section of a thin-walled beam under strength and stability constraints. Variational and parametrical shaping of the cross-section of the beam is employed. The stability constraints include lateral buckling of the beam and local buckling of the walls. The problem is purely mechanical one, and manufacturing constraints are not considered. The objective function is the minimal value of the cross-section area of the beam. Optimal shapes of the beam profiles are shown graphically.     

Polarization and coherence in the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect

We study the correlation of intensity fluctuations in random electromagnetic beams, the so-called Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect (HBT). We show that not just the state of coherence of the source, but also its state of polarization has a strong influence on the far-zone correlations. Different types of sources are found to have different upper bounds for the normalized HBT coefficient.     

冷梁系统在办公类建筑中的应用探讨

本文简单介绍了冷梁的分类、优缺点、气流组织、水系统匹配,并分析了冷梁在办公类建筑中应用时遇到的主要产湿因素及防结露控制等内容。     

Effects of heat treatment on mechanical properties of ODS nickel-based superalloy sheets prepared by EB-PVD

A Y2O3 dispersion strengthened nickel-based superalloy sheet(0.15 mm thick) was prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) technology.Different heat treatments were used to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy sheet.Differential thermal analysis(DTA) was used to examine the thermal stability of the as-deposited sheet.Element contents,phase composition and microstructure investigations on as-deposited and heat treated specimens were performed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Tensile tests were conducted at room temperature on specimens as-deposited and heat treated.The results show that the as-deposited sheet is composed of equiaxed grains on the substrate side and columnar grains on the evaporation side.The as-deposited sheet shows poor ductility due to micropores between columnar grains.The strength and ductility can be improved effectively by annealing at 800°C for 3 h.For samples treated at 1100°C,the strength drops down due to the precipitates of Y3Al5O12(YAG).     

Damage detection in beams from modal and wavelet analysis using a stationary roving mass and noise estimation

This paper uses the Continuous Wavelet Transform Analysis on mode shapes for damage identification. The wavelet analysis is applied to the difference in the mode shapes between a healthy and a damaged state. The paper also includes a novel methodology for estimating the level of noise of the experimental mode shapes based on a standard Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The estimated SNRs are used for identifying and making emphasis on the less noisy data. Moreover, a mass attached to the structure is considered to enhance the sensitivity of the structure to damage. Modal analysis is performed for different positions of the mass along the beam. The results obtained for all the positions of the mass are combined so an averaging process is implicitly applied. The paper presents the results from an experimental test of a cantilever steel beam with different severity levels of damage at the same location. The results show that the use of the attached mass reduces the effect of noise and increases the sensitivity to damage. Little damage can be identified with the proposed methodology even using a small number of sensors and only the first five bending modes.     

Evaluation of shear design provisions for shear-critical concrete beams

This paper presents a nonlinear static analysis of a dual-track, multi-span continuous cable system for cable cars and ski lifts. The end supports are assumed to be frictionless bull wheels and the intermediate supports are assumed to be frictionless pulley supports. As geometrical and contact nonlinearities are involved, a nonlinear finite element solver ABAQUS is adopted for the static analysis of the cable system. The interfaces between cables and frictionless supports are modelled by frictionless interaction in normal direction and “hard contact” that allows for separation after contact in the tangential direction. Load cases due to different arrangements of cable cars are considered in the nonlinear analysis of the cable system. The proposed method for analysis used herein should be useful for solving various engineering problems involving cables undergoing large geometrical deformation and contact nonlinearity.     

钢筋自密实混凝土梁受剪性能试验研究及分析

自密实混凝土工程应用逐渐增多,为研究钢筋自密实混凝土梁的受剪性能,进行了4根钢筋自密实混凝土梁试件和2根普通钢筋混凝土梁试件的试验,研究自密实混凝土梁受剪性能的破坏形态、开裂荷载、裂缝发展和抗剪承载力,并且将其与普通钢筋混凝土梁作对比分析。将试验值与 GB 50010-2010《混凝土结构设计规范》计算的理论值与相比较。结果表明,竖向集中荷载作用下,钢筋自密实混凝土梁与普通钢筋混凝土梁有着相似的破坏特征与承载能力。钢筋自密实混凝土梁理论值与试验值的比为0.59,比普通钢筋混凝土梁理论试验值的比值高出0.11。     

宝安体育场结构设计关键问题研究

贯穿深圳宝安体育场整个结构设计流程,对各阶段遇到的主要问题进行研究。初步设计阶段,从建筑外观、体育场功能、结构特性和施工难易程度等角度比选3种方案。方案验证阶段,结合理论分析与宝安体育场1∶10模型试验,研究结构的静力性能和动力特性。深化设计阶段,通过介绍若干典型节点的细部构造,推广总结索膜节点的设计原则。研究结果表明：对宝安体育场而言,内外环均呈圆形且索膜形状一致的结构体型最优;A形柱可为整体结构提供有效侧向刚度,且沿索桁架方向对外环约束很小,是理想的外环支承;索桁架对外环施加集中力的同时对其提供侧向支承,因此外环一阶屈曲模态表现为以索桁架为侧向支点的失稳。