Initial stages of tin electrodeposition from sulfate baths in the presence of gluconate

Tin electrodeposition in its initial stages in acid sulfate/gluconate baths was studied with varying tin and gluconate concentrations using potential-controlled electrochemical techniques. The deposit morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comparison with tin electrodeposition from acid sulfate baths in the absence of gluconate was also carried out. Use of a highly acidic bath leads to nonuniform deposits, even in the presence of gluconate; at pH 4 deposits are uniform, brilliant and suitable for finishing applications. Tin crystallites have a well defined morphology which depends on bath agitation conditions. In the absence of agitation, the crystallites have the same tetragonal shape as in a sulfate bath without gluconate.     

Properties of poly(n‐butyl methacrylate) prepared by reverse atom transfer radical polymerization in an aqueous dispersed system

Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) in waterborne media using Cu(II) complexes with azo initiators (i.e., reverse ATRP) was conducted. The influence of several factors, such as surfactant, catalyst, and reaction time, on the stability of the emulsion, the particle size, the morphology of the emulsion particles, and the control of the polymerization was investigated. The results showed great differences between ATRP and conventional emulsion polymerization, especially the nucleation mechanism and the kinetics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1542–1547, 2003     

云荞水库面板堆石坝震后安全检测及整治研究与实践

云南省永善县云荞水库自建成蓄水以来运行良好,2008年5月12日,四川省汶川县发生8.0级地震,云荞水库震感强烈,水库内水浪约1.0m高,水库受损,面板裂缝加大;震后云荞水库工程管理局高度重视云荞水库的安全问题,特请某水利水电勘测设计研究院对面板进行健全性检测,管理局根据检查单位对大坝面板的整体性能做出的评价及提出相应的处理意见,对面板裂缝进行了化学灌浆和表面封闭处理,至今运行良好。     

Preparation and characterization of linear low‐density polyethylene/low‐density polyethylene/TiO2 membranes

Because of their special functions, the application of nanoscale powders has recently attracted both industrial and theoretical interest. In this study, nanoscale TiO₂, which exhibited a special UV absorption and consequent antibacterial function, was added to a low‐density polyethylene/linear low‐density polyethylene hybrid by melt compounding to yield functional composite membranes. TiO₂ exhibited an apparent induced nucleation effect on the crystallization of polyethylene, and the size of the crystallites decreased while the number increaed with the introduction of TiO₂; however, the crystallinity of polyethylene changed little. Also, TiO₂ exhibited an ideal dispersion in the membrane with an average size less than 100 nm, and this excellent dispersion provided the membranes extra UV absorption; moreover, the transparency of the membranes was maintained to satisfy common requirements. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 216–221, 2005     

顶管施工引起地表塌陷及关键技术分析

长距离大断面顶管施工不可避免的引起土体扰动和土层损失,导致土体塌陷和地表拉裂等现象.以某长距离超大断面顶管工程为工程研究背景,对顶管施工引起土体变形的机理展开了分析,对顶进施工过程中土体产生塌陷、地表出现张拉裂缝的原因进行了阐释,探讨了地表变位对周边建筑（构筑）物的影响,以及分析了该工程中运用的进出洞、中继器、触变泥浆减阻、加强现场监测、以及其他应急措施这5种关键控制技术,得到了一些保证工程施工安全的有益的经验.     

大型饼类锻件锻造工艺研究综述

综述了饼类锻件锻造工艺的发展。大型饼类锻件是重型装备的核心部件之一,需要在液压机上进行自由锻造,由于其高径比远远小于1,实际生产中,废品率高,生产难度大,最严重的便是层状裂纹问题。为了克服这一问题,人们对饼类锻件进行了解剖检验,提出了压窝成形法、锥形板镦粗法等各种锻造工艺。     

岸吊焊缝裂纹分析与改进措施研究

从材料的焊接性能、焊接结构、焊条、预热与焊后热处理、焊接工艺参数等角度对岸吊胎架焊缝裂纹进行了分析,提出了改进措施,取得了良好的效果。     

车轮的热烈和磨损机理与抗热裂耐磨车轮的研制

本文研究了车轮踏面的热裂和磨损机理,结果表明,车轮热裂主要与其含碳量和硬度有关;在使用合成闸瓦时,车轮踏面的磨损率与新形成的“白层”(马氏体)的断裂韧性有关。研制的抗热裂耐磨车轮(55SiMn)取得了明显的运用效果。     

20G高压锅炉管裂纹原因分析

对20G高压锅炉管产生裂纹的原因进行了分析，结果表明是冷拔工艺不当所致。