Current–voltage curve translation by bilinear interpolation

By means of bilinear interpolation and four reference current–voltage (I–V) curves, an I–V curve of a photovoltaic (PV) module is translated to desired conditions of irradiance and PV module temperature. The four reference I–V curves are measured at two irradiance and two PV module temperature levels and contain all the essential PV module characteristic information for performing the bilinear interpolation. The interpolation is performed first with respect to open‐circuit voltage to account for PV module temperature, and second with respect to short‐circuit current to account for irradiance. The translation results over a wide range of irradiances and PV module temperatures agree closely with measured values for a group of PV modules representing seven different technologies. Root‐mean‐square errors were 1·5% or less for the I–V curve parameters of maximum power, voltage at maximum power, current at maximum power, short‐circuit current, and open‐circuit voltage. The translation is applicable for determining the performance of a PV module for a specified test condition, or for PV system performance modeling. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于二进小波变换的图像插值方法

介绍了基于二进小波变换的图像插值方法,并且对各种插值方法在不同域中的结果作了比较,主要是对最近邻插值、双线性插值和双三次插值几种方法在空间域、正交小波域、二进小波变换中作了比较.试验结果证明,基于二进小波变换的图像插值效果比较好,值得进一步深入研究.     

螺纹插补算法的改进

加工螺纹时,需要在主轴上安装脉冲编码器,螺纹插补就是编码器每转脉冲数K和螺距长度P的直线插补问题,常用的螺纹插补算法中,很难选取一个恒定的脉冲计数值n,以满足高速切削的要求。文中介绍了一种改进的螺纹插补算法,该算法采用可变的脉冲计数值,能达到高速切削时运行平稳的目的。     

基于Bresenham算法的快速直线脉冲增量插补算法

通过对Bresenham直线生成算法进行改进,提出一种适用于电脑绣花机的快速平面直线脉冲增量插补算法。阐述Bresenham算法的基本原理,以及基本原理在插补中的应用,通过提出两个结论并加以证明对算法进行了改进。新算法在插补应用过程中只进行整数运算,每次插补可以得到多个进给步的两坐标轴进给脉冲增量。通过编写代码对新算法进行实现,并通过试验对比,展现新算法在直线生成中的运算效率明显高于传统插补算法。     

Disparity field and depth map coding for multiview 3D image generation

In the present paper techniques are examined for the coding of the depth map and disparity fields for stereo or multiview image communication applications. It is assumed that both the left and right channels of the multiview image sequence are coded using block- or object-based methods. A dynamic programming algorithm is used to estimate a disparity field between each stereo image pair. Depth is then estimated and occlusions are optionally detected, based on the estimated disparity fields. Spatial interpolation techniques are examined based on the disparity/depth information and the detection of occluded regions using either stereoscopic or trinocular camera configurations. It is seen that the presence of a third camera at the transmitter site improves the estimation of disparities, the detection of occlusions and the accuracy of the resulting spatial interpolation at the receiver. Various disparity field and depth map coding techniques are then proposed and evaluated, with emphasis given to the quality of the resulting intermediate images at the receiver site. Block-based and wireframe modeling techniques are examined for the coding of isolated depth or disparity map information. Further, 2D and 3D motion compensation techniques are evaluated for the coding of sequences of depth or disparity maps. The motion fields needed may be available as a byproduct of block-based or object-based coding of the intensity images. Experimental results are given for the evaluation of the performance of the proposed coding and spatial interpolation methods.     

Integrated Time-to-Digital Converters Based on Interpolation

The main features of two time-to-digital convertersbased on interpolation are presented, together with some measurementresults. The first converter is based on digital delay line interpolatorsand has been implemented in a 1.2 µm CMOS process.It has a single-shot resolution of 1 ns (-value)and a nonlinearity less than ±50 ps in the measurementrange 5 to 500 ns. The power consumption of the circuit is 15mW. The second time digitizer has analog interpolators basedon time-to-voltage conversion and has been implemented in a 1.2 µm BiCMOS process. It has a single-shot resolutionof 50 ps and a nonlinearity less than 150 ps in the measurementrange 1 to 300 ns. The power consumption of this circuit is 200mW.     

An 8-bit, 200 MSPS Folding and Interpolating ADC

An 8-bit, 200 MSPS folding and interpolating analog-to-digitalconverter, ADC, has been implemented in a 1.2 µmBiCMOS-process. It achieves 7.5 effective bits with a power dissipationof 575mW. The active area is 4mm². The implementationand measured results are presented. A simple analytical modelfor the interpolation-induced nonlinearity in a folding and interpolatingADC using sinusoidal folding is presented. The bowing of thereference ladder due to interaction with the input stages isanalyzed, and analytical models are derived.     

一种基于频率补偿的改进插值谐波分析算法

针对传统单峰谱插值谐波测量算法在非同步采样时由于频谱泄漏造成测量精度不足的问题,提出一种基于频率补偿的改进算法,并且分析传统插值算法的测量误差,改进了修正公式。该算法通过三个步骤实现,第一,基于汉宁窗插值校正频率,然后利用相对频偏进行频率补偿得到准同步化序列。第二,采用准同步化序列基于汉宁窗再次插值校正频率,将两次计算得到的相对频偏相加用于修正频率,进而减轻频谱泄漏的影响。最后,为了提高幅值和相位的测量精度,利用准同步化序列基于平顶窗直接估计,无需推导反演公式。仿真实验结果表明,该算法的测量精度相比于传统的单峰谱插值算法提升显著,在噪声环境下相比于四谱线插值、相位差算法,该算法具有更高的精度和抗噪性能,验证了所提出算法的有效性和准确性。     

电力系统中非同步采样误差的研究

由于实际电网信号的频率通常会在额定频率附近波动,很难保证对信号的同步采样,FFT算法的泄漏现象和栅栏效应将会导致较大的测量误差。从软、硬件两个方面综合分析了几种常用的预防、补偿措施的优缺点,表明这些方法提高了信号的分析精度和测量参数的可信度。     

Effect of thermophoresis on particle deposition rate from a natural convection flow onto a vertical wavy plate

This research discusses the impacts of the surface area that the wavy surface gets more than the flat plate upon the aerosol particle deposition. Starting from the full Navier–Stokes equation, the mathematical analysis takes the thermophoretic motion formed by the temperature gradient and the fluid thermal expansion into consideration, and converts the governing equations into the boundary layer equation by the simple coordinate transformation and non-similarity method, and then works out these equations by the Spline Alternating-Direction Implicit method (SADI). The numerical value result reveals that the average deposition effect of the wavy plate is greater than the flat plate and that the increasing rate is nearly equal to the value obtained by dividing the surface area that the wavy plate gets more than the flat plate by 2.2.