动力总成悬置系统优化与减振分析

为了解决汽车动力总成悬置系统隔振问题,建立了某型号动力总成悬置系统的仿真模型.针对悬置系统无阻尼和有阻尼的情况,对支反力进行了对比分析;选取四个橡胶悬置的12个主方向刚度为设计变量,以动力总成悬置系统在各阶固有频率主振方向上的能量解耦程度为目标函数,利用Adams/Insight模块对动力总成悬置系统进行优化,结果显示优化后的悬置系统支反力明显降低,减小了动力总成振动的传递,解耦程度有了明显的提高,通过优化悬置系统的减振效果有了很大的改善.     

Simulation of Fatigue Stiffness Degradation in Prestressed Concrete Beams under Cyclic Loading

In order to investigate and research the fatigue cracking of prestressed concrete fatigue properties and loading and stiffness degeneration process,cyclic loading tests were carried out on six prestressed concrete beams and the stiffness degradation under fatigue was investigated. A simulation model of stiffness degradation is proposed based on the stiffness analysis of the fatigue-damaged section. The elastic modulus of damaged concrete and the effective residual area of steel were introduced as well as an adjusted three-stage concrete fatigue damage evolution model. The strip method was used to analyze concrete damage due to changing stress along the depth of the beam section. The simulation and test results were compared and a method of predicting fatigue deflection was presented based on the simulation model. The predicted results were compared with that of the neural network method. It is in good agreement for the simulation results with the test results. It is only less than 5% error for the simulation model which can reveal the two-stage degradation of prestressed concrete beams under cyclic loading. It is more precise for the simulation prediction method under proper conditions.     

星载激光通信终端轴承预紧力及加载结构研究

星载激光通信终端通过方位、俯仰轴系的运动实现目标跟踪。轴系回转精度是二维转台实现良好工作的前提。通过对角接触球轴承模拟分析,确定卫星发射以及在轨运行时转台轴承的最优预紧力大小,通过轴承预加载结构实现轴承从高预紧状态过渡到轴承低预紧状态,解决了传统固定式预紧力不能同时满足两种工况的难题,即发射时大预紧力满足高刚度与基频,在轨运行时低预紧力以降低平均摩擦,扭矩噪音以及轴承接触应力。     

Seismic Behaviour of Beam-Column Joints of Precast and Partial Steel Reinforced Concrete

A beam-column joint of precast and partial steel reinforced concrete( PPSRC) is proposed for precast reinforced concrete frames. The PPSRC consists of partial steel and reinforced concrete. The partial steel is located in the core joint region and the connections between concrete members. This paper presents an experimental study of a series of PPSRC specimens. These specimens are tested under low cyclic loading.Experimental results demonstrate that the bearing capacity of the PPSRC specimens is 3 times that of the ordinary reinforced concrete( RC) beam-column joints. The strength and stiffness degradation rates are slower compared with that of the RC beam-column joints. In addition,the strength of the core joint region and the connections is higher than other parts of the PPSRC specimens. Beam failure occurs firstly for the PPSRC specimens,followed by column failure and connections failure. The failure of the core joint region occurs finally.Test results show that the seismic performance of the PPSRC is better than that of the ordinary RC beam-column joints.     

切削参数对锯片铣刀切削振动特性的影响研究

锯片铣刀切削加工过程中,普遍存在严重的振动问题.为研究锯片铣刀的切削振动特性,设计了多种切削条件下的锯片铣刀切削实验.在理论计算锯片铣刀固有频率的基础上,对实验结果进行了分析和讨论.结果表明:锯片铣刀切削系统的频率仅仅取决于系统的固有频率,基本不受切削参数的影响.因此,通过增加刀具系统的刚度或改变切削速度,使激振频率远离刀具系统的固有频率可有效降低和控制切削系统的振动.     

丝网编织金属橡胶的静态力学性能研究

针对沉孔型金属橡胶制品展开研究,采取了控制变量和对比分析的2种研究方法,对金属橡胶制品的静态压缩和剪切性能进行了系统全面的实验研究。通过实验结果给出了在不同结构参数下金属橡胶制品静态性能的变化关系,同时得到了金属橡胶制品在压缩过程中的线性-软特性-硬特性的变化过程。针对不同状态下的减振耗能情况对金属橡胶减振的机理进行深入的剖析,进而得知相对密度与变形幅值是影响金属橡胶减振器减振能力的2个重要参数。     

船用复合材料连接结构稳定性分析方法

针对船用复合材料连接结构失稳问题,采用传递矩阵法对复合层梁稳定性进行研究,推导了船用复合层梁的等效刚度,提出了船用复合层梁连接结构的稳定性计算方法,并将计算结果与数值仿真和稳定性试验结果进行对比,对计算方法进行验证。结果表明,本文提出的方法对于船用复合材料连接结构稳定性求解有较高的精度。通过本文的研究,丰富了复合层梁结构稳定性计算方法,为复合材料连接结构的设计和制造,提供了工程设计参考。     

超重型切削过程硬质合金刀具高温力学特性

超重型切削过程中,刀具的高温失效是硬质合金刀具破损的主要形式之一。首先,通过理论分析、切削仿真及数学模型进行切削热产生过程分析,并研究切削温度对硬质合金刀具变形抗力的影响;然后,进行切削温度及材料高温硬度测量实验,实验结果验证模型有效,硬质合金和工件材料试块的硬度在1000℃时分别下降了28%和60%左右;最后,从刀具几何结构优化设计和复合涂层技术两方面提出超重型切削专用硬质合金刀具抗高温性能的提效措施,在5组切削参数下进行刀具寿命对比实验,优化设计的XF8刀具寿命是YT15刀具的2~5倍。研究结果可以为重型高效切削刀具技术的研究及推广提供借鉴。     

竖向荷载下弹性支承直墙拱反弯点理论分析

在工程实践中,直墙拱应用较多。由于拱脚位移的存在,合理假设拱脚约束为转角约束、竖向约束和水平弹性约束,应用力法推导出了在弯矩、剪力和轴力共同作用下直墙拱沿弧长的弯矩公式。研究了竖向均布荷载、竖向三角形荷载和竖向集中力荷载作用下,直墙拱沿弧长的弯矩分布及反弯点形成的规律;发现在3种荷载作用下,使得拱脚弯矩为零时的圆心角依次减小。取弹簧支座刚度为等效的下端固支、上端允许水平位移的直墙的抗推刚度,得出了随着直墙高度增加,圆弧拱拱顶弯矩增大而拱脚弯矩减小的变化规律。在直墙拱的设计中,建议选取合适的直墙高度和使得圆弧拱拱脚弯矩为零的圆心角大小,从而有利于提高结构抗弯承载力及拱脚抗剪承载力。     

平板式结合面动态建模与参数识别方法

用有限元法对含有平板式结合面的结构进行分析时,平板本身对结合面层的影响往往会被忽略,误差也由此产生.针对这种平板结合面刚度的传统计算方法的缺陷进行修正,综合考虑结合面层和结合面板两者的弹性,推导出平板式结合面的综合单元刚度矩阵.此刚度矩阵能应用于结合面的有限元计算及动态参数识别当中.通过算例将这种方法与传统方法进行对比验证,前者具有更高的精确度和可靠性.该方法可应用于此类结构的精确建模与分析,为解决其振动问题提供手段.