邻苯二甲酸酯鼓泡生物降解

该课题测试了邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的鼓泡生物降解行为。结果表明，邻苯二甲酸酯的降解速率常数（kb)与其烷基链长度之间存在良好的相关性，kb=0.0009x^2-0.019x 0.1123，相关系数r=0.9906；浓度超过500mg/L时，邻苯二甲酸二乙酯可抑制自身的生物降解；中间产物邻苯二甲酸浓度超过50mg/L时，也对邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的生物降解有明显的抑制作用。     

Connecting the second exhaust-heat boiler to the operating first one under the conditions of flow circuits of combined-cycle plants with two gas-turbine units and one steam turbine

Problems arising with connecting the second exhaust-heat boiler to the first exhaust-heat boiler under load in the case of flow circuits of combined-cycle plants of type PGU-450 are considered. Similar problems exist for two-boiler single-turbine units of type PGU-325 and for two-boiler single-turbine units of traditional steampower plants with an output of 200–300 MW upon connection of the second furnace of a two-furnace boiler to the operating first furnace. Analysis of the temperature-induced stressed state and of the cyclic strength of thick-walled elements of the steam-water conduit of PGU-450 and of two-furnace boilers of two-boiler single-turbine units with an output of 200–300 MW (the check valve, the inlet header of the water economizer) is used for determining the steam temperature differences in the high-pressure conduits to the steam turbine and the order of connection of the second exhaust-heat boiler to the operating fist one. Modes of enabling a two-boiler single-turbine unit of a combined-cycle plant, which are most “rigid” from the standpoint of thermal strength, are determined. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 2, February 2006, pp. 11–17.     

高分辨裂解气相色谱－质谱研究聚吡咙的热分解

用高分辨裂解气相色谱－质谱考察了不同聚吡咙的热分解，分析了其热分解产物的组成、分布和归属，研究了其环化过程以及该过程对热分解的影响，进而详细阐述了聚吡咙的热分解机理。     

Mechanical degradation of coating systems in high temperature cyclic oxidation

Cyclic oxidation tests were performed on a large variety of commercially available overlay coatings. The results of cyclic oxidation tests confirmed that the composition of the coating as well as the processing method of the coating can affect the life of the system. Coating life was determined by the time to coating penetration and initiation of substrate attack. As this work was part of a effort to evaluate the relative protectiveness of available coating systems for Industrial Gas Turbine applications at relatively high temperature, an extensive testing programme was undertaken. The different coatings were tested to visual failure. The results presented in this paper concentrate on the surface instability of the coating. Apart from usual oxidation of the coating an additional degradation mechanism was observed. A mechanical effect caused by the instability of the coating as a result of the difference in the thermal coefficient of expansion and mechanical properties between the substrate and coating. This effect, the so-called “rumpling” effect, resulted in a significant reduction in time to penetration and was in some systems the life controlling factor.     

Equipment for Testing Sheet Structural Materials under Biaxial Tension. Part 2. Testing by Biaxial Loading in the Plane of the Sheet

We analyze specific features of the design of equipment used for mechanical testing of sheet structural materials under the conditions of biaxial static, cyclic, or dynamic loading. We propose original solutions of the problems related to the fatigue testing of crosslike specimens performed without using complex hydraulic systems and their dynamic testing carried out by using very simple testing machines for uniaxial tension–compression.     

Abrasion phenomena in twill tencel fabric

The abrasion characteristics of Tencel fabrics were evaluated by Martindale abrasion and laundering, and the breakdown mechanism of fibers was surveyed by scanning electron microscopy. The fabric was subjected to pad‐dry‐cure treatment with two different types of modified dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea resins (Reaktant DH and Reaktant FC). Although the degree of dry abrasion varied with different resins, the damage exhibited by individual fibers differed little from untreated to resin‐treated; the major mechanism of abrasion was through friction, and the mechanism of fiber failure was multiple splitting and transverse cracking. In untreated Tencel, the characteristic feature of wet abrasion was massive fibrillation, and in crosslinked fabrics, the wet abrasion mechanism was through fiber slippage and slicing action, although in the Reaktant FC‐treated fabric, the wet abrasion mechanism was more through slicing than through fiber splitting. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1391–1398, 2006     

阳离子化多元醇防塌剂的研制

室内研究和现场应用表明,聚乙烯醇类防塌剂表现出较明显的增粘负效应,可引起钻井液粘度的急剧增加,严重影响其推广应用.通过金属盐催化降解和阳离子化反应,研制出了抑制性好且增粘负效应低的阳离子化改性多元醇防塌剂.考察了阳离子化试剂、反应温度、反应时间对取代度、反应效率和产品主要性能的影响,得出了阳离子化多元醇防塌剂最佳制备条件,即：PVA与阳离子化试剂物质的量比为1：1,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为4 h,阳离子度可达0.435.     

化学复合镀Ni-P-TiO_2光催化降解次甲基蓝

以钛酸丁酯为原料通过溶胶 凝胶法制备出粒径 30nm左右的纳米TiO2 ,利用化学复合镀在钢铁基底上形成Ni P 纳米TiO2 复合镀层 ,该复合镀层对次甲基蓝有较好的光催化降解作用 ,其催化性能与粉末状纳米TiO2 的催化性能大致相当。     

The radiation crosslinking and scission of ethylene-propylene copolymers studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance

Methyl groups from chain scission and H-crosslinks have been identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in amorphous ethylene-propylene copolymers containing 23 and 36 mole % propylene after γ-irradiation to 10 MGy at 30°C. G (scission) and G (crosslink) values determined from the n.m.r. spectra and by extraction are in agreement, which suggests that the crosslinks are not clustered. This may differ from the situation in polyethylene where there is a substantial crystalline content. G(S). G(X) and the ratio G(S)/G(X) increase with increasing propylene content of the copolymers.     

The concept of an endurance limit for adhesive joints

The effect of cyclic stressing on the strength of single lap adhesive joints has been studied and a considerable reduction in strength observed when the maximum stress exceeds about 40% of the ultimate tensile strength, but whether or not a true endurance limit exists is not proven. Fallacies are shown in some of the techniques which have been proposed for studying the fatigue behaviour of adhesive joints.